Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies
Background The association of leukocytospermia with male fertility is still under debate. Objective To evaluate the impact of leukocytospermia (≥1 × 106 white blood cells/mL of semen, according to the World Health Organization) in men attending a fertility clinic for couple subfertility, on fertilit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Andrology (Oxford) 2020-01, Vol.8 (1), p.125-135 |
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| creator | Castellini, C. D'Andrea, S. Martorella, A. Minaldi, E. Necozione, S. Francavilla, F. Francavilla, S. Barbonetti, A. |
| description | Background
The association of leukocytospermia with male fertility is still under debate.
Objective
To evaluate the impact of leukocytospermia (≥1 × 106 white blood cells/mL of semen, according to the World Health Organization) in men attending a fertility clinic for couple subfertility, on fertility outcomes after assisted reproductive technology (ART) and on semen quality.
Materials and Methods
A systematic review with meta‐analysis of case–control studies reporting mean ± standard deviation for values of different seminal parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation, semen volume, and Ph) and fertilization rate (FR), or the odds ratio (OR) for clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per cycle after ART in leukocytospermic and non‐leukocytospermic patients was performed. A literature search was carried out in MEDLINE and SCOPUS for English‐language studies published till June 2018.
Results
Twenty‐eight case‐controlled retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, comparing fertility outcomes after ART or semen parameters in men with or without leukocytospermia. FR and PR after ART were not significantly different in the two groups. Leukocytospermic samples showed a lower sperm concentration (pooled SMD = −0.14; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, I2 = 71%, pfor heterogeneity |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/andr.12662 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2250637299</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2329651442</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3932-f1ef99174936a1c67ea0bb762d2f60c2441aab04fe4fd81f12e5b5304070c29c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kd9qFDEUxoMottTe-AAS8EZKtyaZbGbjXal_oSgUvR7OZE5samYyJpkuc9dHEHweX6ZPYna3FvTCQyCB8_s-zslHyFPOTniplzB08YQLpcQDsi-YrBdCi_rh_ZvrPXKY0hUrtdoc8ZjsVVwsmV6pffLrAj1kF4Z06UbaYl4jDtTj9C2YOYc0YuwdHNOIYwzdZLK7RjqGjEN24CnYjJFCSi5l7P6mMprLIfjwdT6mZUq69aIjROixqNIrCjTNRdeXAUzRXjtcb8nSh9ubHzCAn4szDZYaSHh789OEIcfgacpT5zA9IY8s-ISHd_cB-fL2zeez94vzT-8-nJ2eL0ylK7GwHK3WvJa6UsCNqhFY29ZKdMIqZoSUHKBl0qK03YpbLnDZLismWV262lQH5MXOt6z3fcKUm94lg97DgGFKjSjfqapaaF3Q5_-gV2GKZZNCVUKrJZdSFOpoR5kYUopomzG6HuLccNZscm02uTbbXAv87M5yanvs7tE_KRaA74C18zj_x6o5_fj6Ymf6Gy4atKo</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2329651442</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><source>Wiley Free Content</source><creator>Castellini, C. ; D'Andrea, S. ; Martorella, A. ; Minaldi, E. ; Necozione, S. ; Francavilla, F. ; Francavilla, S. ; Barbonetti, A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Castellini, C. ; D'Andrea, S. ; Martorella, A. ; Minaldi, E. ; Necozione, S. ; Francavilla, F. ; Francavilla, S. ; Barbonetti, A.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
The association of leukocytospermia with male fertility is still under debate.
Objective
To evaluate the impact of leukocytospermia (≥1 × 106 white blood cells/mL of semen, according to the World Health Organization) in men attending a fertility clinic for couple subfertility, on fertility outcomes after assisted reproductive technology (ART) and on semen quality.
Materials and Methods
A systematic review with meta‐analysis of case–control studies reporting mean ± standard deviation for values of different seminal parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation, semen volume, and Ph) and fertilization rate (FR), or the odds ratio (OR) for clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per cycle after ART in leukocytospermic and non‐leukocytospermic patients was performed. A literature search was carried out in MEDLINE and SCOPUS for English‐language studies published till June 2018.
Results
Twenty‐eight case‐controlled retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, comparing fertility outcomes after ART or semen parameters in men with or without leukocytospermia. FR and PR after ART were not significantly different in the two groups. Leukocytospermic samples showed a lower sperm concentration (pooled SMD = −0.14; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, I2 = 71%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.00001) and a lower progressive motility (pooled SMD = −0.18; 95% CI: −0.29, −0.06; I2 = 59%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.0001). However, the significant differences disappeared, along with the large inter‐study heterogeneity, when analyses were restricted to studies clearly reporting the inclusion of men without clinical evidence of seminal tract infection.
Discussion and Conclusion
Leukocytospermia in men seeking consultation for couple subfertility is not associated with a reduced fertility after ART and with altered semen quality in populations asymptomatic for genital tract infection. Therefore, the current clinical criteria for definition of leukocytospermia should be re‐assessed in subfertile couples attending a fertility clinic.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2047-2919</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2047-2927</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/andr.12662</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31250986</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>assisted reproductive technology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fertility ; fertilization ; human spermatozoa ; Humans ; Infertility, Male - immunology ; leukocytes ; Leukocytosis - complications ; Male ; Meta-analysis ; Motility ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Reproductive technologies ; Semen - immunology ; Sperm ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic - statistics & numerical data ; subfertility ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>Andrology (Oxford), 2020-01, Vol.8 (1), p.125-135</ispartof><rights>2019 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology</rights><rights>2019 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology.</rights><rights>Andrology © 2020 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3932-f1ef99174936a1c67ea0bb762d2f60c2441aab04fe4fd81f12e5b5304070c29c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3932-f1ef99174936a1c67ea0bb762d2f60c2441aab04fe4fd81f12e5b5304070c29c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1255-4062 ; 0000-0002-5031-031X ; 0000-0002-6888-9585</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fandr.12662$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fandr.12662$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1414,1430,27911,27912,45561,45562,46396,46820</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31250986$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Castellini, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D'Andrea, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martorella, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minaldi, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Necozione, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francavilla, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francavilla, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbonetti, A.</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies</title><title>Andrology (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Andrology</addtitle><description>Background
The association of leukocytospermia with male fertility is still under debate.
Objective
To evaluate the impact of leukocytospermia (≥1 × 106 white blood cells/mL of semen, according to the World Health Organization) in men attending a fertility clinic for couple subfertility, on fertility outcomes after assisted reproductive technology (ART) and on semen quality.
Materials and Methods
A systematic review with meta‐analysis of case–control studies reporting mean ± standard deviation for values of different seminal parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation, semen volume, and Ph) and fertilization rate (FR), or the odds ratio (OR) for clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per cycle after ART in leukocytospermic and non‐leukocytospermic patients was performed. A literature search was carried out in MEDLINE and SCOPUS for English‐language studies published till June 2018.
Results
Twenty‐eight case‐controlled retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, comparing fertility outcomes after ART or semen parameters in men with or without leukocytospermia. FR and PR after ART were not significantly different in the two groups. Leukocytospermic samples showed a lower sperm concentration (pooled SMD = −0.14; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, I2 = 71%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.00001) and a lower progressive motility (pooled SMD = −0.18; 95% CI: −0.29, −0.06; I2 = 59%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.0001). However, the significant differences disappeared, along with the large inter‐study heterogeneity, when analyses were restricted to studies clearly reporting the inclusion of men without clinical evidence of seminal tract infection.
Discussion and Conclusion
Leukocytospermia in men seeking consultation for couple subfertility is not associated with a reduced fertility after ART and with altered semen quality in populations asymptomatic for genital tract infection. Therefore, the current clinical criteria for definition of leukocytospermia should be re‐assessed in subfertile couples attending a fertility clinic.</description><subject>assisted reproductive technology</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fertility</subject><subject>fertilization</subject><subject>human spermatozoa</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infertility, Male - immunology</subject><subject>leukocytes</subject><subject>Leukocytosis - complications</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Motility</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Rate</subject><subject>Reproductive technologies</subject><subject>Semen - immunology</subject><subject>Sperm</subject><subject>Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>subfertility</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><issn>2047-2919</issn><issn>2047-2927</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kd9qFDEUxoMottTe-AAS8EZKtyaZbGbjXal_oSgUvR7OZE5samYyJpkuc9dHEHweX6ZPYna3FvTCQyCB8_s-zslHyFPOTniplzB08YQLpcQDsi-YrBdCi_rh_ZvrPXKY0hUrtdoc8ZjsVVwsmV6pffLrAj1kF4Z06UbaYl4jDtTj9C2YOYc0YuwdHNOIYwzdZLK7RjqGjEN24CnYjJFCSi5l7P6mMprLIfjwdT6mZUq69aIjROixqNIrCjTNRdeXAUzRXjtcb8nSh9ubHzCAn4szDZYaSHh789OEIcfgacpT5zA9IY8s-ISHd_cB-fL2zeez94vzT-8-nJ2eL0ylK7GwHK3WvJa6UsCNqhFY29ZKdMIqZoSUHKBl0qK03YpbLnDZLismWV262lQH5MXOt6z3fcKUm94lg97DgGFKjSjfqapaaF3Q5_-gV2GKZZNCVUKrJZdSFOpoR5kYUopomzG6HuLccNZscm02uTbbXAv87M5yanvs7tE_KRaA74C18zj_x6o5_fj6Ymf6Gy4atKo</recordid><startdate>202001</startdate><enddate>202001</enddate><creator>Castellini, C.</creator><creator>D'Andrea, S.</creator><creator>Martorella, A.</creator><creator>Minaldi, E.</creator><creator>Necozione, S.</creator><creator>Francavilla, F.</creator><creator>Francavilla, S.</creator><creator>Barbonetti, A.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-4062</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-031X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-9585</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202001</creationdate><title>Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies</title><author>Castellini, C. ; D'Andrea, S. ; Martorella, A. ; Minaldi, E. ; Necozione, S. ; Francavilla, F. ; Francavilla, S. ; Barbonetti, A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3932-f1ef99174936a1c67ea0bb762d2f60c2441aab04fe4fd81f12e5b5304070c29c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>assisted reproductive technology</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fertility</topic><topic>fertilization</topic><topic>human spermatozoa</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infertility, Male - immunology</topic><topic>leukocytes</topic><topic>Leukocytosis - complications</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>Motility</topic><topic>Pregnancy</topic><topic>Pregnancy Rate</topic><topic>Reproductive technologies</topic><topic>Semen - immunology</topic><topic>Sperm</topic><topic>Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>subfertility</topic><topic>Systematic review</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Castellini, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>D'Andrea, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martorella, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Minaldi, E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Necozione, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francavilla, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Francavilla, S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbonetti, A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Andrology (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Castellini, C.</au><au>D'Andrea, S.</au><au>Martorella, A.</au><au>Minaldi, E.</au><au>Necozione, S.</au><au>Francavilla, F.</au><au>Francavilla, S.</au><au>Barbonetti, A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies</atitle><jtitle>Andrology (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Andrology</addtitle><date>2020-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>125</spage><epage>135</epage><pages>125-135</pages><issn>2047-2919</issn><eissn>2047-2927</eissn><abstract>Background
The association of leukocytospermia with male fertility is still under debate.
Objective
To evaluate the impact of leukocytospermia (≥1 × 106 white blood cells/mL of semen, according to the World Health Organization) in men attending a fertility clinic for couple subfertility, on fertility outcomes after assisted reproductive technology (ART) and on semen quality.
Materials and Methods
A systematic review with meta‐analysis of case–control studies reporting mean ± standard deviation for values of different seminal parameters (sperm concentration, progressive motility, sperm morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation, semen volume, and Ph) and fertilization rate (FR), or the odds ratio (OR) for clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per cycle after ART in leukocytospermic and non‐leukocytospermic patients was performed. A literature search was carried out in MEDLINE and SCOPUS for English‐language studies published till June 2018.
Results
Twenty‐eight case‐controlled retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, comparing fertility outcomes after ART or semen parameters in men with or without leukocytospermia. FR and PR after ART were not significantly different in the two groups. Leukocytospermic samples showed a lower sperm concentration (pooled SMD = −0.14; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.01, I2 = 71%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.00001) and a lower progressive motility (pooled SMD = −0.18; 95% CI: −0.29, −0.06; I2 = 59%, pfor heterogeneity < 0.0001). However, the significant differences disappeared, along with the large inter‐study heterogeneity, when analyses were restricted to studies clearly reporting the inclusion of men without clinical evidence of seminal tract infection.
Discussion and Conclusion
Leukocytospermia in men seeking consultation for couple subfertility is not associated with a reduced fertility after ART and with altered semen quality in populations asymptomatic for genital tract infection. Therefore, the current clinical criteria for definition of leukocytospermia should be re‐assessed in subfertile couples attending a fertility clinic.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>31250986</pmid><doi>10.1111/andr.12662</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-4062</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5031-031X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6888-9585</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Wiley Free Content |
| subjects | assisted reproductive technology Case-Control Studies Female Fertility fertilization human spermatozoa Humans Infertility, Male - immunology leukocytes Leukocytosis - complications Male Meta-analysis Motility Pregnancy Pregnancy Rate Reproductive technologies Semen - immunology Sperm Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic - statistics & numerical data subfertility Systematic review |
| title | Relationship between leukocytospermia, reproductive potential after assisted reproductive technology, and sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of case–control studies |
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