Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne disease caused by RVF virus (RVFV) that causes abortions and high mortalities in livestock and is also associated with acute and fatal disease in humans. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), information on the epidemiology of RVF is limited,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Tropical animal health and production 2019-11, Vol.51 (8), p.2619-2627 |
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| creator | Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib Saasa, Ngonda Pongombo, Boniface Lombe Kajihara, Masahiro Chambaro, Herman Moses Hity, Mutambel Sawa, Hirofumi Takada, Ayato Mweene, Aaron S Nsembo, Luamba Lua Simulundu, Edgar |
| description | Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne disease caused by RVF virus (RVFV) that causes abortions and high mortalities in livestock and is also associated with acute and fatal disease in humans. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), information on the epidemiology of RVF is limited, particularly among cattle reared by smallholder farmers. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of RVF in cattle raised by smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province of DRC, which has not yet reported an RVF epidemic. A total of 677 cattle sera were collected from four territories and tested for anti-RVFV antibodies using immunofluorescent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall seroprevalence of anti-RVFV IgG was 6.5% (44/677) (95% CI 4.81–8.7). There was a statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence among the territories (
χ
2
= 28.79,
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11250-019-01978-z |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2250622778</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2248016566</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-fdf4293f80d6bb27e065ee72195625e0759c79febea85d8fef97c39c7327648a3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUha0K1A4tf6CLyhKbbgK241eWaFoeohKoBbaW41y3qZx4sJNBnV-P0ykgsWBh2brnO8eWD0KnlLymhKg3mVImSEVosyylq90BWlGh6krxWj9DK0J4U3HF1RF6kfM9IcWm5SE6qhcjE2yFdjeQ4ibB1gYYHeDo8XXvJ_zdhgAP2MMWEu5H7Ow0hUc5D0W6i6ErgrdpgJQX4NPPPsz4S4rbfskpk-kO8AUM0SU79Q5fw2ZuQzmUjHUcb-MJeu5tyPDyaT9G395dfl1_qK4-v_-4fntVOc7pVPnOc9bUXpNOti1TQKQAUIw2QjIBRInGqcZDC1aLTnvwjXJ1mdVMSa5tfYzO97mbFH_MkCcz9NlBCHaEOGfDyl9IxpTSBX31D3of5zSW1xWKa0KlkLJQbE-5FHNO4M0m9YNND4YSszRj9s2Y0op5bMbsiunsKXpuB-j-WH5XUYB6D-QijbeQ_t79n9hfWlCaJQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2248016566</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib ; Saasa, Ngonda ; Pongombo, Boniface Lombe ; Kajihara, Masahiro ; Chambaro, Herman Moses ; Hity, Mutambel ; Sawa, Hirofumi ; Takada, Ayato ; Mweene, Aaron S ; Nsembo, Luamba Lua ; Simulundu, Edgar</creator><creatorcontrib>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib ; Saasa, Ngonda ; Pongombo, Boniface Lombe ; Kajihara, Masahiro ; Chambaro, Herman Moses ; Hity, Mutambel ; Sawa, Hirofumi ; Takada, Ayato ; Mweene, Aaron S ; Nsembo, Luamba Lua ; Simulundu, Edgar</creatorcontrib><description>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne disease caused by RVF virus (RVFV) that causes abortions and high mortalities in livestock and is also associated with acute and fatal disease in humans. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), information on the epidemiology of RVF is limited, particularly among cattle reared by smallholder farmers. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of RVF in cattle raised by smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province of DRC, which has not yet reported an RVF epidemic. A total of 677 cattle sera were collected from four territories and tested for anti-RVFV antibodies using immunofluorescent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall seroprevalence of anti-RVFV IgG was 6.5% (44/677) (95% CI 4.81–8.7). There was a statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence among the territories (
χ
2
= 28.79,
p
< 0.001). Territory seroprevalences were as follows: Idiofa 14.08% (95% CI 9.78–19.76), Bulungu 4.14% (95% CI 1.83–8.68), Gungu 3.21% (95% CI 1.41–6.78), and Masi-Manimba 1.19% (95% CI 0.06–7.37). Seroprevalence differed significantly among age categories (
p
= 0.0017) and ecosystem (
p
< 0.001). The seroprevalence of animals aged between 1 and 2 years was 20.0% (95% CI 8.4–39.13) and was higher than group aged <1 year, between 2 and 3 years, and > 3 years. Forest area (18.92% (95% CI 12.35–27.7)) had higher seropositivity than savannah area (4.06% (95% CI 2.65–6.12)). Sex difference was not significant (
χ
2
= 0.14,
p
= 0.704). These findings indicate that cattle in Kwilu Province had been exposed to RVFV, which represents a significant risk for both livestock and human health.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-4747</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-7438</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01978-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31250252</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases - epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases - virology ; Coccidioidomycosis ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Epidemics ; Epidemiology ; Farmers ; Female ; Health risk assessment ; Immunoglobulin G ; Life Sciences ; Livestock ; Male ; Mosquitoes ; Prevalence ; Regular Articles ; Rift Valley fever ; Rift Valley Fever - epidemiology ; Rift Valley Fever - virology ; Rift Valley fever virus ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Serology ; Sex Factors ; Small farms ; Statistical analysis ; Territory ; Vector-borne diseases ; Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science ; Viral diseases ; Viruses ; Zoology ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Tropical animal health and production, 2019-11, Vol.51 (8), p.2619-2627</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature B.V. 2019</rights><rights>Tropical Animal Health and Production is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-fdf4293f80d6bb27e065ee72195625e0759c79febea85d8fef97c39c7327648a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-fdf4293f80d6bb27e065ee72195625e0759c79febea85d8fef97c39c7327648a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0583-6256</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11250-019-01978-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11250-019-01978-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31250252$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saasa, Ngonda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pongombo, Boniface Lombe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kajihara, Masahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chambaro, Herman Moses</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hity, Mutambel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawa, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takada, Ayato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mweene, Aaron S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nsembo, Luamba Lua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simulundu, Edgar</creatorcontrib><title>Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo</title><title>Tropical animal health and production</title><addtitle>Trop Anim Health Prod</addtitle><addtitle>Trop Anim Health Prod</addtitle><description>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne disease caused by RVF virus (RVFV) that causes abortions and high mortalities in livestock and is also associated with acute and fatal disease in humans. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), information on the epidemiology of RVF is limited, particularly among cattle reared by smallholder farmers. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of RVF in cattle raised by smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province of DRC, which has not yet reported an RVF epidemic. A total of 677 cattle sera were collected from four territories and tested for anti-RVFV antibodies using immunofluorescent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall seroprevalence of anti-RVFV IgG was 6.5% (44/677) (95% CI 4.81–8.7). There was a statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence among the territories (
χ
2
= 28.79,
p
< 0.001). Territory seroprevalences were as follows: Idiofa 14.08% (95% CI 9.78–19.76), Bulungu 4.14% (95% CI 1.83–8.68), Gungu 3.21% (95% CI 1.41–6.78), and Masi-Manimba 1.19% (95% CI 0.06–7.37). Seroprevalence differed significantly among age categories (
p
= 0.0017) and ecosystem (
p
< 0.001). The seroprevalence of animals aged between 1 and 2 years was 20.0% (95% CI 8.4–39.13) and was higher than group aged <1 year, between 2 and 3 years, and > 3 years. Forest area (18.92% (95% CI 12.35–27.7)) had higher seropositivity than savannah area (4.06% (95% CI 2.65–6.12)). Sex difference was not significant (
χ
2
= 0.14,
p
= 0.704). These findings indicate that cattle in Kwilu Province had been exposed to RVFV, which represents a significant risk for both livestock and human health.</description><subject>Animal Husbandry</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Coccidioidomycosis</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Farmers</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health risk assessment</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Regular Articles</subject><subject>Rift Valley fever</subject><subject>Rift Valley Fever - epidemiology</subject><subject>Rift Valley Fever - virology</subject><subject>Rift Valley fever virus</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>Serology</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Small farms</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Territory</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><subject>Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science</subject><subject>Viral diseases</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Zoology</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>0049-4747</issn><issn>1573-7438</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUha0K1A4tf6CLyhKbbgK241eWaFoeohKoBbaW41y3qZx4sJNBnV-P0ykgsWBh2brnO8eWD0KnlLymhKg3mVImSEVosyylq90BWlGh6krxWj9DK0J4U3HF1RF6kfM9IcWm5SE6qhcjE2yFdjeQ4ibB1gYYHeDo8XXvJ_zdhgAP2MMWEu5H7Ow0hUc5D0W6i6ErgrdpgJQX4NPPPsz4S4rbfskpk-kO8AUM0SU79Q5fw2ZuQzmUjHUcb-MJeu5tyPDyaT9G395dfl1_qK4-v_-4fntVOc7pVPnOc9bUXpNOti1TQKQAUIw2QjIBRInGqcZDC1aLTnvwjXJ1mdVMSa5tfYzO97mbFH_MkCcz9NlBCHaEOGfDyl9IxpTSBX31D3of5zSW1xWKa0KlkLJQbE-5FHNO4M0m9YNND4YSszRj9s2Y0op5bMbsiunsKXpuB-j-WH5XUYB6D-QijbeQ_t79n9hfWlCaJQ</recordid><startdate>20191101</startdate><enddate>20191101</enddate><creator>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib</creator><creator>Saasa, Ngonda</creator><creator>Pongombo, Boniface Lombe</creator><creator>Kajihara, Masahiro</creator><creator>Chambaro, Herman Moses</creator><creator>Hity, Mutambel</creator><creator>Sawa, Hirofumi</creator><creator>Takada, Ayato</creator><creator>Mweene, Aaron S</creator><creator>Nsembo, Luamba Lua</creator><creator>Simulundu, Edgar</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-6256</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191101</creationdate><title>Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo</title><author>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib ; Saasa, Ngonda ; Pongombo, Boniface Lombe ; Kajihara, Masahiro ; Chambaro, Herman Moses ; Hity, Mutambel ; Sawa, Hirofumi ; Takada, Ayato ; Mweene, Aaron S ; Nsembo, Luamba Lua ; Simulundu, Edgar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-fdf4293f80d6bb27e065ee72195625e0759c79febea85d8fef97c39c7327648a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Animal Husbandry</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - virology</topic><topic>Coccidioidomycosis</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Farmers</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health risk assessment</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Livestock</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Regular Articles</topic><topic>Rift Valley fever</topic><topic>Rift Valley Fever - epidemiology</topic><topic>Rift Valley Fever - virology</topic><topic>Rift Valley fever virus</topic><topic>Seroepidemiologic Studies</topic><topic>Serology</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Small farms</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Territory</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science</topic><topic>Viral diseases</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><topic>Zoology</topic><topic>Zoonoses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saasa, Ngonda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pongombo, Boniface Lombe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kajihara, Masahiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chambaro, Herman Moses</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hity, Mutambel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawa, Hirofumi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takada, Ayato</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mweene, Aaron S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nsembo, Luamba Lua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simulundu, Edgar</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Tropical animal health and production</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Halawi, Abdel-Amir Dib</au><au>Saasa, Ngonda</au><au>Pongombo, Boniface Lombe</au><au>Kajihara, Masahiro</au><au>Chambaro, Herman Moses</au><au>Hity, Mutambel</au><au>Sawa, Hirofumi</au><au>Takada, Ayato</au><au>Mweene, Aaron S</au><au>Nsembo, Luamba Lua</au><au>Simulundu, Edgar</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo</atitle><jtitle>Tropical animal health and production</jtitle><stitle>Trop Anim Health Prod</stitle><addtitle>Trop Anim Health Prod</addtitle><date>2019-11-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>2619</spage><epage>2627</epage><pages>2619-2627</pages><issn>0049-4747</issn><eissn>1573-7438</eissn><abstract>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne disease caused by RVF virus (RVFV) that causes abortions and high mortalities in livestock and is also associated with acute and fatal disease in humans. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), information on the epidemiology of RVF is limited, particularly among cattle reared by smallholder farmers. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of RVF in cattle raised by smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province of DRC, which has not yet reported an RVF epidemic. A total of 677 cattle sera were collected from four territories and tested for anti-RVFV antibodies using immunofluorescent assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall seroprevalence of anti-RVFV IgG was 6.5% (44/677) (95% CI 4.81–8.7). There was a statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence among the territories (
χ
2
= 28.79,
p
< 0.001). Territory seroprevalences were as follows: Idiofa 14.08% (95% CI 9.78–19.76), Bulungu 4.14% (95% CI 1.83–8.68), Gungu 3.21% (95% CI 1.41–6.78), and Masi-Manimba 1.19% (95% CI 0.06–7.37). Seroprevalence differed significantly among age categories (
p
= 0.0017) and ecosystem (
p
< 0.001). The seroprevalence of animals aged between 1 and 2 years was 20.0% (95% CI 8.4–39.13) and was higher than group aged <1 year, between 2 and 3 years, and > 3 years. Forest area (18.92% (95% CI 12.35–27.7)) had higher seropositivity than savannah area (4.06% (95% CI 2.65–6.12)). Sex difference was not significant (
χ
2
= 0.14,
p
= 0.704). These findings indicate that cattle in Kwilu Province had been exposed to RVFV, which represents a significant risk for both livestock and human health.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>31250252</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11250-019-01978-z</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-6256</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0049-4747 |
| ispartof | Tropical animal health and production, 2019-11, Vol.51 (8), p.2619-2627 |
| issn | 0049-4747 1573-7438 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Animal Husbandry Animals Antibodies Antibodies, Viral - blood Biomedical and Life Sciences Cattle Cattle Diseases - epidemiology Cattle Diseases - virology Coccidioidomycosis Cross-Sectional Studies Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Epidemics Epidemiology Farmers Female Health risk assessment Immunoglobulin G Life Sciences Livestock Male Mosquitoes Prevalence Regular Articles Rift Valley fever Rift Valley Fever - epidemiology Rift Valley Fever - virology Rift Valley fever virus Seroepidemiologic Studies Serology Sex Factors Small farms Statistical analysis Territory Vector-borne diseases Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science Viral diseases Viruses Zoology Zoonoses |
| title | Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever in cattle of smallholder farmers in Kwilu Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo |
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