Slow Processing Speed and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for Differentiation of Functional Correlates
The association between slow processing speed and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), a phenotype described within attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) samples over the past decade, remains unclear. We examined whether SCT and processing speed predict different functional correlates within ch...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Child psychiatry and human development 2019-12, Vol.50 (6), p.1049-1057 |
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| creator | Cook, Nathan E. Braaten, Ellen B. Vuijk, Pieter J. Lee, B. Andi Samkavitz, Anna R. Doyle, Alysa E. Surman, Craig B. H. |
| description | The association between slow processing speed and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), a phenotype described within attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) samples over the past decade, remains unclear. We examined whether SCT and processing speed predict different functional correlates within children and adolescents with ADHD. Participants were 193 clinically-referred youth meeting DSM ADHD criteria without comorbid conditions (mean age = 9.9 years,
SD
= 2.5; age range 6–16). The incremental utility of SCT and processing speed to predict (1) adaptive functioning and (2) academic achievement, after controlling for age, sex, medication status, and ADHD symptom burden, was assessed using hierarchical multiple regressions. SCT symptoms significantly predicted adaptive functioning, accounting for 6% of the variance, but did not predict academic achievement. Processing speed did not add incrementally to the prediction of adaptive functioning, but did predict academic achievement, accounting for 4% of the variance. Results suggest that SCT and processing speed differentially predict functional abilities not accounted for by ADHD symptom burden. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10578-019-00904-6 |
| format | Article |
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SD
= 2.5; age range 6–16). The incremental utility of SCT and processing speed to predict (1) adaptive functioning and (2) academic achievement, after controlling for age, sex, medication status, and ADHD symptom burden, was assessed using hierarchical multiple regressions. SCT symptoms significantly predicted adaptive functioning, accounting for 6% of the variance, but did not predict academic achievement. Processing speed did not add incrementally to the prediction of adaptive functioning, but did predict academic achievement, accounting for 4% of the variance. Results suggest that SCT and processing speed differentially predict functional abilities not accounted for by ADHD symptom burden.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-398X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-3327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00904-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31227946</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Academic achievement ; Academic Success ; Adaptation, Psychological - physiology ; Adaptive behavior ; Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Age ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Behavioral Science and Psychology ; Child ; Child & adolescent psychiatry ; Child and School Psychology ; Cognitive ability ; Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology ; Comorbidity ; Conceptual Tempo ; Differentiation ; Drugs ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Individualized Instruction ; Information processing ; Male ; Multiple symptoms ; Original Article ; Phenotypes ; Processing speed ; Psychiatry ; Psychology ; Reaction Time - physiology ; Tempo</subject><ispartof>Child psychiatry and human development, 2019-12, Vol.50 (6), p.1049-1057</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>Child Psychiatry & Human Development is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-f87419e0b3f8f2b164e96675878762a4df6b0d0e24127db83e9ee0ca6ddebf843</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-f87419e0b3f8f2b164e96675878762a4df6b0d0e24127db83e9ee0ca6ddebf843</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1946-9023</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10578-019-00904-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10578-019-00904-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,12851,27929,27930,31004,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31227946$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cook, Nathan E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braaten, Ellen B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuijk, Pieter J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, B. Andi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Samkavitz, Anna R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doyle, Alysa E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Surman, Craig B. H.</creatorcontrib><title>Slow Processing Speed and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for Differentiation of Functional Correlates</title><title>Child psychiatry and human development</title><addtitle>Child Psychiatry Hum Dev</addtitle><addtitle>Child Psychiatry Hum Dev</addtitle><description>The association between slow processing speed and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), a phenotype described within attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) samples over the past decade, remains unclear. We examined whether SCT and processing speed predict different functional correlates within children and adolescents with ADHD. Participants were 193 clinically-referred youth meeting DSM ADHD criteria without comorbid conditions (mean age = 9.9 years,
SD
= 2.5; age range 6–16). The incremental utility of SCT and processing speed to predict (1) adaptive functioning and (2) academic achievement, after controlling for age, sex, medication status, and ADHD symptom burden, was assessed using hierarchical multiple regressions. SCT symptoms significantly predicted adaptive functioning, accounting for 6% of the variance, but did not predict academic achievement. Processing speed did not add incrementally to the prediction of adaptive functioning, but did predict academic achievement, accounting for 4% of the variance. Results suggest that SCT and processing speed differentially predict functional abilities not accounted for by ADHD symptom burden.</description><subject>Academic achievement</subject><subject>Academic Success</subject><subject>Adaptation, Psychological - physiology</subject><subject>Adaptive behavior</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology</subject><subject>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</subject><subject>Behavioral Science and Psychology</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child & adolescent psychiatry</subject><subject>Child and School Psychology</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology</subject><subject>Comorbidity</subject><subject>Conceptual Tempo</subject><subject>Differentiation</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperactivity</subject><subject>Individualized Instruction</subject><subject>Information processing</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Multiple symptoms</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Processing speed</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Reaction Time - physiology</subject><subject>Tempo</subject><issn>0009-398X</issn><issn>1573-3327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1DAUhSMEokPhBVggS2zYpPVf7IRdNW1ppUpUmiKxixz7OrjK2MF2iuZpeFU8nQISC7y59r3fOdfSqaq3BJ8QjOVpIriRbY1JV2PcYV6LZ9WKNJLVjFH5vFrh0q5Z1349ql6ldF-etKXiZXXECKWy42JV_dxM4Qe6jUFDSs6PaDMDGKS8QZtpGUeXvqF1GL3L7gHQHWzngJxHt2CcytFpdJYz-OyCr8_BOu3y6dVuhqh0Ebi8Q-cuhWggfkQXD86A14BsiKVtLcS9Uu3FKFh0uXi9v6upbIwRJpUhva5eWDUlePNUj6svlxd366v65vOn6_XZTa2ZbHJtW8lJB3hgtrV0IIJDJ4RsWtlKQRU3VgzYYKCcUGmGlkEHgLUSxsBgW86Oqw8H3zmG7wuk3G9d0jBNykNYUk8pbwRveEsL-v4f9D4ssXz7kSpHSMEKRQ-UjiGlCLafo9uquOsJ7vfx9Yf4-hJf_xhfL4ro3ZP1MmzB_JH8zqsA7ACkMvIjxL-7_2P7C5YGqHo</recordid><startdate>20191201</startdate><enddate>20191201</enddate><creator>Cook, Nathan E.</creator><creator>Braaten, Ellen B.</creator><creator>Vuijk, Pieter J.</creator><creator>Lee, B. 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Andi</au><au>Samkavitz, Anna R.</au><au>Doyle, Alysa E.</au><au>Surman, Craig B. H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Slow Processing Speed and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for Differentiation of Functional Correlates</atitle><jtitle>Child psychiatry and human development</jtitle><stitle>Child Psychiatry Hum Dev</stitle><addtitle>Child Psychiatry Hum Dev</addtitle><date>2019-12-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>50</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1049</spage><epage>1057</epage><pages>1049-1057</pages><issn>0009-398X</issn><eissn>1573-3327</eissn><abstract>The association between slow processing speed and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), a phenotype described within attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) samples over the past decade, remains unclear. We examined whether SCT and processing speed predict different functional correlates within children and adolescents with ADHD. Participants were 193 clinically-referred youth meeting DSM ADHD criteria without comorbid conditions (mean age = 9.9 years,
SD
= 2.5; age range 6–16). The incremental utility of SCT and processing speed to predict (1) adaptive functioning and (2) academic achievement, after controlling for age, sex, medication status, and ADHD symptom burden, was assessed using hierarchical multiple regressions. SCT symptoms significantly predicted adaptive functioning, accounting for 6% of the variance, but did not predict academic achievement. Processing speed did not add incrementally to the prediction of adaptive functioning, but did predict academic achievement, accounting for 4% of the variance. Results suggest that SCT and processing speed differentially predict functional abilities not accounted for by ADHD symptom burden.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>31227946</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10578-019-00904-6</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-9023</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Academic achievement Academic Success Adaptation, Psychological - physiology Adaptive behavior Adolescent Adolescents Age Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - physiopathology Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavioral Science and Psychology Child Child & adolescent psychiatry Child and School Psychology Cognitive ability Cognitive Dysfunction - physiopathology Comorbidity Conceptual Tempo Differentiation Drugs Female Humans Hyperactivity Individualized Instruction Information processing Male Multiple symptoms Original Article Phenotypes Processing speed Psychiatry Psychology Reaction Time - physiology Tempo |
| title | Slow Processing Speed and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence for Differentiation of Functional Correlates |
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