Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study
Objective To investigate the impact of 3D print material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging on fracture load of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Materials and methods Three-unit FDPs were 3D-printed using experimental resin (EXP), NextDent C&B (CB), Freeprint temp (FT), and 3Delt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical oral investigations 2020-02, Vol.24 (2), p.701-710 |
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| creator | Reymus, Marcel Fabritius, Rosalie Keßler, Andreas Hickel, Reinhard Edelhoff, Daniel Stawarczyk, Bogna |
| description | Objective
To investigate the impact of 3D print material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging on fracture load of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).
Materials and methods
Three-unit FDPs were 3D-printed using experimental resin (EXP), NextDent C&B (CB), Freeprint temp (FT), and 3Delta temp (DT). In the first part, the impacts of build direction and artificial aging were tested. FDPs were manufactured with their long-axis positioned either occlusal, buccal, or distal to the printer’s platform. Fracture load was measured after artificial aging (H
2
O: 21 days, 37 °C). In the second part, the impact of post-curing was tested. FDPs were post-cured using Labolight DUO, Otoflash G171, and LC-3DPrint Box. While the positive control group was milled from TelioCAD (TC), the negative control group was fabricated from a conventional interim material Luxatemp (LT). The measured initial fracture loads were compared with those after artificial aging. Each subgroup contained 15 specimens. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé post hoc test,
t
test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney
U
test (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00784-019-02952-7 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2232110484</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2229807756</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-85abf2132c2d1d95bfdf7010b8c7ff1caa9c1cbd876d9503b7e6f33b930c04c03</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1uFDEQhVsIRELgAiyQJTYsxuCf7nY3OxQIIEViA2vL7Z-JI7c92O7A7DgEF-MKnITqmQASCzZly_XVe1a9pnlMyXNKiHhRoAwtJnTEhI0dw-JOc0pb3mMuBL17uDPcjwM9aR6Uck0IbXvB7zcnnFImWjaeNj8ustJ1yRaFpAxKDvHXeJd9rNYg579CNTZWFdAup1KvbLEF6TTvVIbWF1-v0OxDgLuKBhrxBmifogphj5yastdqlUrRlpcI5pGHWV1Xp2yLj2iGfvYqbNC0-AB2Plu9SmzQDhyxXuA3281BX-XqnddAI7WF15_fvquIQOTG15xQqYvZP2zuORWKfXR7njWfLt58PH-HLz-8fX_-6hJrLrqKh05NjlHONDPUjN3kjBOEkmnQwjmqlRo11ZMZRA9dwidhe8f5NHKiSasJP2ueHXVhMZ8XW6qcfdE2BBVtWopkjDNKSTu0gD79B71OS4YdrRQbByJE1wPFjpSGTZdsnYQcZpX3khK5Bi6PgUsIXB4ClwKGntxKL9NszZ-R3wkDwI9AWVPd2vzX-z-yvwA577u4</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2229807756</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Reymus, Marcel ; Fabritius, Rosalie ; Keßler, Andreas ; Hickel, Reinhard ; Edelhoff, Daniel ; Stawarczyk, Bogna</creator><creatorcontrib>Reymus, Marcel ; Fabritius, Rosalie ; Keßler, Andreas ; Hickel, Reinhard ; Edelhoff, Daniel ; Stawarczyk, Bogna</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Objective
To investigate the impact of 3D print material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging on fracture load of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).
Materials and methods
Three-unit FDPs were 3D-printed using experimental resin (EXP), NextDent C&B (CB), Freeprint temp (FT), and 3Delta temp (DT). In the first part, the impacts of build direction and artificial aging were tested. FDPs were manufactured with their long-axis positioned either occlusal, buccal, or distal to the printer’s platform. Fracture load was measured after artificial aging (H
2
O: 21 days, 37 °C). In the second part, the impact of post-curing was tested. FDPs were post-cured using Labolight DUO, Otoflash G171, and LC-3DPrint Box. While the positive control group was milled from TelioCAD (TC), the negative control group was fabricated from a conventional interim material Luxatemp (LT). The measured initial fracture loads were compared with those after artificial aging. Each subgroup contained 15 specimens. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé post hoc test,
t
test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney
U
test (
p
< 0.05). The univariate ANOVA with partial eta squared (
η
P
2
) was used to analyze the impact of test parameters on fracture load.
Results
Specimens manufactured with their long-axis positioned distal to the printer’s platform showed higher fracture load than occlusal ones (
p
= 0.049). The highest values were observed for CB, followed by DT (
p
< 0.001). EXP showed the lowest values, followed by FT (
p
< 0.001). After artificial aging, a decrease of fracture load for EXP (
p
< 0.001) and DT (
p
< 0.001) was observed. The highest impact on values was exerted by interactions between 3D print material and post-curing unit (
η
P
2
= 0.233,
p
< 0.001), followed by the 3D print material (
η
P
2
= 0.219,
p
< 0.001) and curing device (
η
P
2
= 0.108,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
Build direction, post-curing, artificial aging, and material have an impact on the mechanical stability of printed FDPs.
Clinical relevance
The correct post-curing strategy is mandatory to ensure mechanical stability of 3D-printed FDPs. Additively manufactured FDPs are more prone to artificial aging than conventionally fabricated ones.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1432-6981</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1436-3771</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02952-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31127429</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aging ; Aluminum ; Dental Materials ; Dental Prosthesis ; Dental prosthetics ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Dental restorative materials ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentistry ; Kruskal-Wallis test ; Load ; Materials Testing ; Medicine ; Original Article ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Prostheses</subject><ispartof>Clinical oral investigations, 2020-02, Vol.24 (2), p.701-710</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>Clinical Oral Investigations is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-85abf2132c2d1d95bfdf7010b8c7ff1caa9c1cbd876d9503b7e6f33b930c04c03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-85abf2132c2d1d95bfdf7010b8c7ff1caa9c1cbd876d9503b7e6f33b930c04c03</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9040-5623</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00784-019-02952-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00784-019-02952-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924,41487,42556,51318</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31127429$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Reymus, Marcel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fabritius, Rosalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keßler, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hickel, Reinhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edelhoff, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stawarczyk, Bogna</creatorcontrib><title>Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study</title><title>Clinical oral investigations</title><addtitle>Clin Oral Invest</addtitle><addtitle>Clin Oral Investig</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Objective
To investigate the impact of 3D print material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging on fracture load of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).
Materials and methods
Three-unit FDPs were 3D-printed using experimental resin (EXP), NextDent C&B (CB), Freeprint temp (FT), and 3Delta temp (DT). In the first part, the impacts of build direction and artificial aging were tested. FDPs were manufactured with their long-axis positioned either occlusal, buccal, or distal to the printer’s platform. Fracture load was measured after artificial aging (H
2
O: 21 days, 37 °C). In the second part, the impact of post-curing was tested. FDPs were post-cured using Labolight DUO, Otoflash G171, and LC-3DPrint Box. While the positive control group was milled from TelioCAD (TC), the negative control group was fabricated from a conventional interim material Luxatemp (LT). The measured initial fracture loads were compared with those after artificial aging. Each subgroup contained 15 specimens. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé post hoc test,
t
test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney
U
test (
p
< 0.05). The univariate ANOVA with partial eta squared (
η
P
2
) was used to analyze the impact of test parameters on fracture load.
Results
Specimens manufactured with their long-axis positioned distal to the printer’s platform showed higher fracture load than occlusal ones (
p
= 0.049). The highest values were observed for CB, followed by DT (
p
< 0.001). EXP showed the lowest values, followed by FT (
p
< 0.001). After artificial aging, a decrease of fracture load for EXP (
p
< 0.001) and DT (
p
< 0.001) was observed. The highest impact on values was exerted by interactions between 3D print material and post-curing unit (
η
P
2
= 0.233,
p
< 0.001), followed by the 3D print material (
η
P
2
= 0.219,
p
< 0.001) and curing device (
η
P
2
= 0.108,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
Build direction, post-curing, artificial aging, and material have an impact on the mechanical stability of printed FDPs.
Clinical relevance
The correct post-curing strategy is mandatory to ensure mechanical stability of 3D-printed FDPs. Additively manufactured FDPs are more prone to artificial aging than conventionally fabricated ones.]]></description><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Aluminum</subject><subject>Dental Materials</subject><subject>Dental Prosthesis</subject><subject>Dental prosthetics</subject><subject>Dental Restoration Failure</subject><subject>Dental restorative materials</subject><subject>Dental Stress Analysis</subject><subject>Dentistry</subject><subject>Kruskal-Wallis test</subject><subject>Load</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Printing, Three-Dimensional</subject><subject>Prostheses</subject><issn>1432-6981</issn><issn>1436-3771</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1uFDEQhVsIRELgAiyQJTYsxuCf7nY3OxQIIEViA2vL7Z-JI7c92O7A7DgEF-MKnITqmQASCzZly_XVe1a9pnlMyXNKiHhRoAwtJnTEhI0dw-JOc0pb3mMuBL17uDPcjwM9aR6Uck0IbXvB7zcnnFImWjaeNj8ustJ1yRaFpAxKDvHXeJd9rNYg579CNTZWFdAup1KvbLEF6TTvVIbWF1-v0OxDgLuKBhrxBmifogphj5yastdqlUrRlpcI5pGHWV1Xp2yLj2iGfvYqbNC0-AB2Plu9SmzQDhyxXuA3281BX-XqnddAI7WF15_fvquIQOTG15xQqYvZP2zuORWKfXR7njWfLt58PH-HLz-8fX_-6hJrLrqKh05NjlHONDPUjN3kjBOEkmnQwjmqlRo11ZMZRA9dwidhe8f5NHKiSasJP2ueHXVhMZ8XW6qcfdE2BBVtWopkjDNKSTu0gD79B71OS4YdrRQbByJE1wPFjpSGTZdsnYQcZpX3khK5Bi6PgUsIXB4ClwKGntxKL9NszZ-R3wkDwI9AWVPd2vzX-z-yvwA577u4</recordid><startdate>20200201</startdate><enddate>20200201</enddate><creator>Reymus, Marcel</creator><creator>Fabritius, Rosalie</creator><creator>Keßler, Andreas</creator><creator>Hickel, Reinhard</creator><creator>Edelhoff, Daniel</creator><creator>Stawarczyk, Bogna</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-5623</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200201</creationdate><title>Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study</title><author>Reymus, Marcel ; Fabritius, Rosalie ; Keßler, Andreas ; Hickel, Reinhard ; Edelhoff, Daniel ; Stawarczyk, Bogna</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-85abf2132c2d1d95bfdf7010b8c7ff1caa9c1cbd876d9503b7e6f33b930c04c03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Aging</topic><topic>Aluminum</topic><topic>Dental Materials</topic><topic>Dental Prosthesis</topic><topic>Dental prosthetics</topic><topic>Dental Restoration Failure</topic><topic>Dental restorative materials</topic><topic>Dental Stress Analysis</topic><topic>Dentistry</topic><topic>Kruskal-Wallis test</topic><topic>Load</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Printing, Three-Dimensional</topic><topic>Prostheses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Reymus, Marcel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fabritius, Rosalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keßler, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hickel, Reinhard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edelhoff, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stawarczyk, Bogna</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical oral investigations</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Reymus, Marcel</au><au>Fabritius, Rosalie</au><au>Keßler, Andreas</au><au>Hickel, Reinhard</au><au>Edelhoff, Daniel</au><au>Stawarczyk, Bogna</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study</atitle><jtitle>Clinical oral investigations</jtitle><stitle>Clin Oral Invest</stitle><addtitle>Clin Oral Investig</addtitle><date>2020-02-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>701</spage><epage>710</epage><pages>701-710</pages><issn>1432-6981</issn><eissn>1436-3771</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Objective
To investigate the impact of 3D print material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging on fracture load of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs).
Materials and methods
Three-unit FDPs were 3D-printed using experimental resin (EXP), NextDent C&B (CB), Freeprint temp (FT), and 3Delta temp (DT). In the first part, the impacts of build direction and artificial aging were tested. FDPs were manufactured with their long-axis positioned either occlusal, buccal, or distal to the printer’s platform. Fracture load was measured after artificial aging (H
2
O: 21 days, 37 °C). In the second part, the impact of post-curing was tested. FDPs were post-cured using Labolight DUO, Otoflash G171, and LC-3DPrint Box. While the positive control group was milled from TelioCAD (TC), the negative control group was fabricated from a conventional interim material Luxatemp (LT). The measured initial fracture loads were compared with those after artificial aging. Each subgroup contained 15 specimens. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé post hoc test,
t
test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney
U
test (
p
< 0.05). The univariate ANOVA with partial eta squared (
η
P
2
) was used to analyze the impact of test parameters on fracture load.
Results
Specimens manufactured with their long-axis positioned distal to the printer’s platform showed higher fracture load than occlusal ones (
p
= 0.049). The highest values were observed for CB, followed by DT (
p
< 0.001). EXP showed the lowest values, followed by FT (
p
< 0.001). After artificial aging, a decrease of fracture load for EXP (
p
< 0.001) and DT (
p
< 0.001) was observed. The highest impact on values was exerted by interactions between 3D print material and post-curing unit (
η
P
2
= 0.233,
p
< 0.001), followed by the 3D print material (
η
P
2
= 0.219,
p
< 0.001) and curing device (
η
P
2
= 0.108,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
Build direction, post-curing, artificial aging, and material have an impact on the mechanical stability of printed FDPs.
Clinical relevance
The correct post-curing strategy is mandatory to ensure mechanical stability of 3D-printed FDPs. Additively manufactured FDPs are more prone to artificial aging than conventionally fabricated ones.]]></abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>31127429</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00784-019-02952-7</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-5623</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1432-6981 |
| ispartof | Clinical oral investigations, 2020-02, Vol.24 (2), p.701-710 |
| issn | 1432-6981 1436-3771 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2232110484 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aging Aluminum Dental Materials Dental Prosthesis Dental prosthetics Dental Restoration Failure Dental restorative materials Dental Stress Analysis Dentistry Kruskal-Wallis test Load Materials Testing Medicine Original Article Printing, Three-Dimensional Prostheses |
| title | Fracture load of 3D-printed fixed dental prostheses compared with milled and conventionally fabricated ones: the impact of resin material, build direction, post-curing, and artificial aging—an in vitro study |
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