Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial
Purpose Chemotherapy is associated with both somatic and psychological side effects. Music might ease these problems. Several randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of music, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine whether live or pre-recorded music listening decreas...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Supportive care in cancer 2019-10, Vol.27 (10), p.3887-3896 |
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| creator | Bro, Margrethe Langer Johansen, Christoffer Vuust, Peter Enggaard, Lisbeth Himmelstrup, Bodil Mourits-Andersen, Torben Brown, Peter d’Amore, Francesco Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford Abildgaard, Niels Gram, Jeppe |
| description | Purpose
Chemotherapy is associated with both somatic and psychological side effects. Music might ease these problems. Several randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of music, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine whether live or pre-recorded music listening decreases anxiety during chemotherapy in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients.
Methods
A total of 143 patients with non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas were randomly assigned into three groups receiving either 30 min of patient-preferred live music (
n
= 47), 30 min of patient-preferred pre-recorded music (
n
= 47), or standard care (
n
= 49) during up to five outpatient chemotherapy sessions. The primary endpoint was anxiety measured by the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure, pulse rate, nausea and vomiting, serum catecholamine levels pre- and post-intervention to measure arousal levels, and health-related quality of life. The Musical Ability Test was used to link musical ability to the primary endpoint.
Results
When adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis, number of sessions, and baseline anxiety, the linear mixed model showed a borderline statistically significant reduction in the primary outcome anxiety in the live music group compared to standard care (7% (95% CI, − 14% to 0%,
p
= 0.05), while the effect of pre-recorded music was non-significant (5% (95% CI, − 12% to + 3%,
p
= 0.18). No intervention effects were seen in secondary outcomes.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that patient-preferred live music reduces anxiety among patients with malignant lymphomas undergoing chemotherapy. Musical ability among this group of cancer patients seems not to be a determining factor for effect of music intervention. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00520-019-04666-8 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2229123013</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A598461741</galeid><sourcerecordid>A598461741</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-499f3ce8f5327fcd442c5a785deadf54b382400418d084732d19a97e829a68a63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU1rFTEUhoMo9lr9Ay4k4MaF0-ZzknFXStVCwU1dhzQfvSnJZEwywvXXm-utFqVIFgmH5z2ckweA1xidYITEaUWIEzQgPA2IjeM4yCdggxmlg6B0ego2aGJ4YJTzI_Ci1juEsBCcPAdHFImRYIY3IF5470yrMHsYw3cH01qDgXYtYb6FZutSbltX9LKDYYZxl5ZtThouugU3t_oBalj0bHMKP5x9D02eW8kx7t9pjS0MpmOuwFaCji_BM69jda_u72Pw9ePF9fnn4erLp8vzs6vBMEbawKbJU-Ok55QIb2wvGq6F5NZp6zm7oZIwhBiWFkkmKLF40pNwkkx6lHqkx-Ddoe9S8rfV1aZSqMbFqGeX16oIIRMmFGHa0bf_oHd5LXOfThEsERmZ4PyButXRqTD73Io2-6bqjE-SjVgw3KmTR6h-rEuh_4zzodf_CpBDwJRca3FeLSUkXXYKI7VXrA6KVVesfilWsofe3E-83iRn_0R-O-0APQB12Ut05WGl_7T9CWyyr4Y</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2180264755</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Bro, Margrethe Langer ; Johansen, Christoffer ; Vuust, Peter ; Enggaard, Lisbeth ; Himmelstrup, Bodil ; Mourits-Andersen, Torben ; Brown, Peter ; d’Amore, Francesco ; Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford ; Abildgaard, Niels ; Gram, Jeppe</creator><creatorcontrib>Bro, Margrethe Langer ; Johansen, Christoffer ; Vuust, Peter ; Enggaard, Lisbeth ; Himmelstrup, Bodil ; Mourits-Andersen, Torben ; Brown, Peter ; d’Amore, Francesco ; Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford ; Abildgaard, Niels ; Gram, Jeppe</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Chemotherapy is associated with both somatic and psychological side effects. Music might ease these problems. Several randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of music, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine whether live or pre-recorded music listening decreases anxiety during chemotherapy in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients.
Methods
A total of 143 patients with non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas were randomly assigned into three groups receiving either 30 min of patient-preferred live music (
n
= 47), 30 min of patient-preferred pre-recorded music (
n
= 47), or standard care (
n
= 49) during up to five outpatient chemotherapy sessions. The primary endpoint was anxiety measured by the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure, pulse rate, nausea and vomiting, serum catecholamine levels pre- and post-intervention to measure arousal levels, and health-related quality of life. The Musical Ability Test was used to link musical ability to the primary endpoint.
Results
When adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis, number of sessions, and baseline anxiety, the linear mixed model showed a borderline statistically significant reduction in the primary outcome anxiety in the live music group compared to standard care (7% (95% CI, − 14% to 0%,
p
= 0.05), while the effect of pre-recorded music was non-significant (5% (95% CI, − 12% to + 3%,
p
= 0.18). No intervention effects were seen in secondary outcomes.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that patient-preferred live music reduces anxiety among patients with malignant lymphomas undergoing chemotherapy. Musical ability among this group of cancer patients seems not to be a determining factor for effect of music intervention.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0941-4355</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-7339</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04666-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30762141</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Ability tests ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis ; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use ; Anxiety ; Anxiety - prevention & control ; Anxiety - psychology ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Cancer ; Chemotherapy ; Female ; Heart Rate - physiology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma - drug therapy ; Lymphoma - psychology ; Male ; Medical research ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Medicine, Experimental ; Middle Aged ; Music ; Music - psychology ; Music therapy ; Music Therapy - methods ; Nausea ; Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas ; Nursing ; Nursing Research ; Oncology ; Original Article ; Pain Medicine ; Patients ; Quality of Life - psychology ; Rehabilitation Medicine ; Vincristine</subject><ispartof>Supportive care in cancer, 2019-10, Vol.27 (10), p.3887-3896</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Springer</rights><rights>Supportive Care in Cancer is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-499f3ce8f5327fcd442c5a785deadf54b382400418d084732d19a97e829a68a63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-499f3ce8f5327fcd442c5a785deadf54b382400418d084732d19a97e829a68a63</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-1291-0303</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00520-019-04666-8$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00520-019-04666-8$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30762141$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bro, Margrethe Langer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johansen, Christoffer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuust, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enggaard, Lisbeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Himmelstrup, Bodil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mourits-Andersen, Torben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>d’Amore, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abildgaard, Niels</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gram, Jeppe</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial</title><title>Supportive care in cancer</title><addtitle>Support Care Cancer</addtitle><addtitle>Support Care Cancer</addtitle><description>Purpose
Chemotherapy is associated with both somatic and psychological side effects. Music might ease these problems. Several randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of music, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine whether live or pre-recorded music listening decreases anxiety during chemotherapy in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients.
Methods
A total of 143 patients with non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas were randomly assigned into three groups receiving either 30 min of patient-preferred live music (
n
= 47), 30 min of patient-preferred pre-recorded music (
n
= 47), or standard care (
n
= 49) during up to five outpatient chemotherapy sessions. The primary endpoint was anxiety measured by the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure, pulse rate, nausea and vomiting, serum catecholamine levels pre- and post-intervention to measure arousal levels, and health-related quality of life. The Musical Ability Test was used to link musical ability to the primary endpoint.
Results
When adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis, number of sessions, and baseline anxiety, the linear mixed model showed a borderline statistically significant reduction in the primary outcome anxiety in the live music group compared to standard care (7% (95% CI, − 14% to 0%,
p
= 0.05), while the effect of pre-recorded music was non-significant (5% (95% CI, − 12% to + 3%,
p
= 0.18). No intervention effects were seen in secondary outcomes.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that patient-preferred live music reduces anxiety among patients with malignant lymphomas undergoing chemotherapy. Musical ability among this group of cancer patients seems not to be a determining factor for effect of music intervention.</description><subject>Ability tests</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - prevention & control</subject><subject>Anxiety - psychology</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Chemotherapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heart Rate - physiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lymphoma</subject><subject>Lymphoma - drug therapy</subject><subject>Lymphoma - psychology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Music</subject><subject>Music - psychology</subject><subject>Music therapy</subject><subject>Music Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Nausea</subject><subject>Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas</subject><subject>Nursing</subject><subject>Nursing Research</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Pain Medicine</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Quality of Life - psychology</subject><subject>Rehabilitation Medicine</subject><subject>Vincristine</subject><issn>0941-4355</issn><issn>1433-7339</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1rFTEUhoMo9lr9Ay4k4MaF0-ZzknFXStVCwU1dhzQfvSnJZEwywvXXm-utFqVIFgmH5z2ckweA1xidYITEaUWIEzQgPA2IjeM4yCdggxmlg6B0ego2aGJ4YJTzI_Ci1juEsBCcPAdHFImRYIY3IF5470yrMHsYw3cH01qDgXYtYb6FZutSbltX9LKDYYZxl5ZtThouugU3t_oBalj0bHMKP5x9D02eW8kx7t9pjS0MpmOuwFaCji_BM69jda_u72Pw9ePF9fnn4erLp8vzs6vBMEbawKbJU-Ok55QIb2wvGq6F5NZp6zm7oZIwhBiWFkkmKLF40pNwkkx6lHqkx-Ddoe9S8rfV1aZSqMbFqGeX16oIIRMmFGHa0bf_oHd5LXOfThEsERmZ4PyButXRqTD73Io2-6bqjE-SjVgw3KmTR6h-rEuh_4zzodf_CpBDwJRca3FeLSUkXXYKI7VXrA6KVVesfilWsofe3E-83iRn_0R-O-0APQB12Ut05WGl_7T9CWyyr4Y</recordid><startdate>20191001</startdate><enddate>20191001</enddate><creator>Bro, Margrethe Langer</creator><creator>Johansen, Christoffer</creator><creator>Vuust, Peter</creator><creator>Enggaard, Lisbeth</creator><creator>Himmelstrup, Bodil</creator><creator>Mourits-Andersen, Torben</creator><creator>Brown, Peter</creator><creator>d’Amore, Francesco</creator><creator>Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford</creator><creator>Abildgaard, Niels</creator><creator>Gram, Jeppe</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88J</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HEHIP</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2R</scope><scope>M2S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-0303</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191001</creationdate><title>Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial</title><author>Bro, Margrethe Langer ; Johansen, Christoffer ; Vuust, Peter ; Enggaard, Lisbeth ; Himmelstrup, Bodil ; Mourits-Andersen, Torben ; Brown, Peter ; d’Amore, Francesco ; Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford ; Abildgaard, Niels ; Gram, Jeppe</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-499f3ce8f5327fcd442c5a785deadf54b382400418d084732d19a97e829a68a63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Ability tests</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - prevention & control</topic><topic>Anxiety - psychology</topic><topic>Blood Pressure - physiology</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Chemotherapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heart Rate - physiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Lymphoma</topic><topic>Lymphoma - drug therapy</topic><topic>Lymphoma - psychology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Music</topic><topic>Music - psychology</topic><topic>Music therapy</topic><topic>Music Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Nausea</topic><topic>Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas</topic><topic>Nursing</topic><topic>Nursing Research</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Pain Medicine</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Quality of Life - psychology</topic><topic>Rehabilitation Medicine</topic><topic>Vincristine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bro, Margrethe Langer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johansen, Christoffer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vuust, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Enggaard, Lisbeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Himmelstrup, Bodil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mourits-Andersen, Torben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>d’Amore, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abildgaard, Niels</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gram, Jeppe</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Social Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Sociology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Social Science Database</collection><collection>Sociology Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Supportive care in cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bro, Margrethe Langer</au><au>Johansen, Christoffer</au><au>Vuust, Peter</au><au>Enggaard, Lisbeth</au><au>Himmelstrup, Bodil</au><au>Mourits-Andersen, Torben</au><au>Brown, Peter</au><au>d’Amore, Francesco</au><au>Andersen, Elisabeth Anne Wreford</au><au>Abildgaard, Niels</au><au>Gram, Jeppe</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial</atitle><jtitle>Supportive care in cancer</jtitle><stitle>Support Care Cancer</stitle><addtitle>Support Care Cancer</addtitle><date>2019-10-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>3887</spage><epage>3896</epage><pages>3887-3896</pages><issn>0941-4355</issn><eissn>1433-7339</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Chemotherapy is associated with both somatic and psychological side effects. Music might ease these problems. Several randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of music, but the results are inconclusive. We aimed to examine whether live or pre-recorded music listening decreases anxiety during chemotherapy in newly diagnosed lymphoma patients.
Methods
A total of 143 patients with non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphomas were randomly assigned into three groups receiving either 30 min of patient-preferred live music (
n
= 47), 30 min of patient-preferred pre-recorded music (
n
= 47), or standard care (
n
= 49) during up to five outpatient chemotherapy sessions. The primary endpoint was anxiety measured by the Spielberger’s State Anxiety Inventory. Secondary endpoints included blood pressure, pulse rate, nausea and vomiting, serum catecholamine levels pre- and post-intervention to measure arousal levels, and health-related quality of life. The Musical Ability Test was used to link musical ability to the primary endpoint.
Results
When adjusting for age, sex, diagnosis, number of sessions, and baseline anxiety, the linear mixed model showed a borderline statistically significant reduction in the primary outcome anxiety in the live music group compared to standard care (7% (95% CI, − 14% to 0%,
p
= 0.05), while the effect of pre-recorded music was non-significant (5% (95% CI, − 12% to + 3%,
p
= 0.18). No intervention effects were seen in secondary outcomes.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that patient-preferred live music reduces anxiety among patients with malignant lymphomas undergoing chemotherapy. Musical ability among this group of cancer patients seems not to be a determining factor for effect of music intervention.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>30762141</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00520-019-04666-8</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1291-0303</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0941-4355 |
| ispartof | Supportive care in cancer, 2019-10, Vol.27 (10), p.3887-3896 |
| issn | 0941-4355 1433-7339 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2229123013 |
| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Ability tests Adult Aged Analysis Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use Anxiety Anxiety - prevention & control Anxiety - psychology Blood Pressure - physiology Cancer Chemotherapy Female Heart Rate - physiology Humans Lymphoma Lymphoma - drug therapy Lymphoma - psychology Male Medical research Medicine Medicine & Public Health Medicine, Experimental Middle Aged Music Music - psychology Music therapy Music Therapy - methods Nausea Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas Nursing Nursing Research Oncology Original Article Pain Medicine Patients Quality of Life - psychology Rehabilitation Medicine Vincristine |
| title | Effects of live music during chemotherapy in lymphoma patients: a randomized, controlled, multi-center trial |
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