Manipulating neck temperature alters contagious yawning in humans
The existence of yawning across a diverse array of species has led many researchers to postulate its neurological significance. One hypothesis, which has garnered recent support, posits that yawns function to cool the brain by flushing hyperthermic blood away from the skull while simultaneously intr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Physiology & behavior 2019-08, Vol.207, p.86-89 |
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| creator | Ramirez, Valentina Ryan, Colleen P. Eldakar, Omar Tonsi Gallup, Andrew C. |
| description | The existence of yawning across a diverse array of species has led many researchers to postulate its neurological significance. One hypothesis, which has garnered recent support, posits that yawns function to cool the brain by flushing hyperthermic blood away from the skull while simultaneously introducing a cooler arterial supply. The current study tested this hypothesis by examining how manipulations aimed at modifying carotid artery temperature, which in turn directly alters cranial temperature, influences contagious yawning in humans. Participants held either a warm (46 °C), cold (4 °C) or room temperature (22 °C) pack firmly to their neck, just over their carotid arteries, for a period of five minutes prior to watching a contagious yawning stimulus. Thermographic imaging verified that these manipulations produced predicted changes in temperature at the superomedial orbital area, a region previously used as a noninvasive measure of brain temperature (i.e., the brain temperature tunnel). As predicted by past research, both the urge to yawn and overall yawn frequency significantly diminished in the cooling condition (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.016 |
| format | Article |
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•Despite strong empirical evidence, the brain cooling hypothesis is controversial.•We tested this hypothesis by altering neck temperature above the carotid arteries.•Carotid manipulations influenced measures of both cranial temperature and yawning.•These findings provide further support for a thermoregulatory function to yawning.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-9384</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-507X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31022409</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adaptive behavior ; Brain temperature ; Thermodynamic cooling ; Thermoregulation</subject><ispartof>Physiology & behavior, 2019-08, Vol.207, p.86-89</ispartof><rights>2019 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c365t-d1dfc3d12a334ab019e26663f756bfcad58d8d3b9156ca2287ea12b4ad595ef73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c365t-d1dfc3d12a334ab019e26663f756bfcad58d8d3b9156ca2287ea12b4ad595ef73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.016$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31022409$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ramirez, Valentina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ryan, Colleen P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eldakar, Omar Tonsi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallup, Andrew C.</creatorcontrib><title>Manipulating neck temperature alters contagious yawning in humans</title><title>Physiology & behavior</title><addtitle>Physiol Behav</addtitle><description>The existence of yawning across a diverse array of species has led many researchers to postulate its neurological significance. One hypothesis, which has garnered recent support, posits that yawns function to cool the brain by flushing hyperthermic blood away from the skull while simultaneously introducing a cooler arterial supply. The current study tested this hypothesis by examining how manipulations aimed at modifying carotid artery temperature, which in turn directly alters cranial temperature, influences contagious yawning in humans. Participants held either a warm (46 °C), cold (4 °C) or room temperature (22 °C) pack firmly to their neck, just over their carotid arteries, for a period of five minutes prior to watching a contagious yawning stimulus. Thermographic imaging verified that these manipulations produced predicted changes in temperature at the superomedial orbital area, a region previously used as a noninvasive measure of brain temperature (i.e., the brain temperature tunnel). As predicted by past research, both the urge to yawn and overall yawn frequency significantly diminished in the cooling condition (p < .05). Less than half (48.5%) of the participants in the cooling condition reported the urge to yawn, while this urge was expressed by the vast majority of participants in the warming condition (84.8%). Moreover, there was a threefold difference in the mean number of yawns per participant between the cooling and warming conditions (0.364 compared to 1.121). These findings are consistent with previous research indicating that yawns function as a compensatory brain cooling mechanism.
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•Despite strong empirical evidence, the brain cooling hypothesis is controversial.•We tested this hypothesis by altering neck temperature above the carotid arteries.•Carotid manipulations influenced measures of both cranial temperature and yawning.•These findings provide further support for a thermoregulatory function to yawning.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>31022409</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.04.016</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Physiology & behavior, 2019-08, Vol.207, p.86-89 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Adaptive behavior Brain temperature Thermodynamic cooling Thermoregulation |
| title | Manipulating neck temperature alters contagious yawning in humans |
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