Transcriptional signatures modulating shoot apical meristem morphometric and plant architectural traits enhance yield and productivity in chickpea

Summary Plant height (PH) and plant width (PW), two of the major plant architectural traits determining the yield and productivity of a crop, are defined by diverse morphometric characteristics of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 2019-06, Vol.98 (5), p.864-883
Hauptverfasser: Narnoliya, Laxmi, Basu, Udita, Bajaj, Deepak, Malik, Naveen, Thakro, Virevol, Daware, Anurag, Sharma, Akash, Tripathi, Shailesh, Hegde, Venkatraman S., Upadhyaya, Hari D., Singh, Ashok K., Tyagi, Akhilesh K., Parida, Swarup K.
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container_issue 5
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container_title The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
container_volume 98
creator Narnoliya, Laxmi
Basu, Udita
Bajaj, Deepak
Malik, Naveen
Thakro, Virevol
Daware, Anurag
Sharma, Akash
Tripathi, Shailesh
Hegde, Venkatraman S.
Upadhyaya, Hari D.
Singh, Ashok K.
Tyagi, Akhilesh K.
Parida, Swarup K.
description Summary Plant height (PH) and plant width (PW), two of the major plant architectural traits determining the yield and productivity of a crop, are defined by diverse morphometric characteristics of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that simultaneously modulates these plant/SAM architectural traits is therefore prerequisite to achieve enhanced yield and productivity in crop plants, including chickpea. Large‐scale multienvironment phenotyping of the association panel and mapping population have ascertained the efficacy of three vital SAM morphometric trait parameters, SAM width, SAM height and SAM area, as key indicators to unravel the genetic basis of the wide PW and PH trait variations observed in desi chickpea. This study integrated a genome‐wide association study (GWAS); quantitative trait locus (QTL)/fine‐mapping and map‐based cloning with molecular haplotyping; transcript profiling; and protein‐DNA interaction assays for the dissection of plant architectural traits in chickpea. These exertions delineated natural alleles and superior haplotypes from a CabHLH121 transcription factor (TF) gene within the major QTL governing PW, PH and SAM morphometric traits. A genome‐wide protein‐DNA interaction assay assured the direct binding of a known stem cell master regulator, CaWUS, to the WOX‐homeodomain TF binding sites of a CabHLH121 gene and its constituted haplotypes. The differential expression of CaWUS and transcriptional regulation of its target CabHLH121 gene/haplotypes were apparent, suggesting their collective role in altering SAM morphometric characteristics and plant architectural traits in the contrasting near isogenic lines (NILs). The NILs introgressed with a superior haplotype of a CabHLH121 exhibited optimal PW and desirable PH as well as enhanced yield and productivity without compromising any component of agronomic performance. These molecular signatures of the CabHLH121 TF gene have the potential to regulate both PW and PH traits through the modulation of proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of the meristematic stem cell population in the SAM; therefore, these signatures will be useful in the translational genomic study of chickpea genetic enhancement. The restructured cultivars with desirable PH (semidwarf) and PW will ensure maximal planting density in a specified cultivable field area, thereby enhancing the overall yield and productivity of chickpea. This can essentia
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The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that simultaneously modulates these plant/SAM architectural traits is therefore prerequisite to achieve enhanced yield and productivity in crop plants, including chickpea. Large‐scale multienvironment phenotyping of the association panel and mapping population have ascertained the efficacy of three vital SAM morphometric trait parameters, SAM width, SAM height and SAM area, as key indicators to unravel the genetic basis of the wide PW and PH trait variations observed in desi chickpea. This study integrated a genome‐wide association study (GWAS); quantitative trait locus (QTL)/fine‐mapping and map‐based cloning with molecular haplotyping; transcript profiling; and protein‐DNA interaction assays for the dissection of plant architectural traits in chickpea. These exertions delineated natural alleles and superior haplotypes from a CabHLH121 transcription factor (TF) gene within the major QTL governing PW, PH and SAM morphometric traits. A genome‐wide protein‐DNA interaction assay assured the direct binding of a known stem cell master regulator, CaWUS, to the WOX‐homeodomain TF binding sites of a CabHLH121 gene and its constituted haplotypes. The differential expression of CaWUS and transcriptional regulation of its target CabHLH121 gene/haplotypes were apparent, suggesting their collective role in altering SAM morphometric characteristics and plant architectural traits in the contrasting near isogenic lines (NILs). The NILs introgressed with a superior haplotype of a CabHLH121 exhibited optimal PW and desirable PH as well as enhanced yield and productivity without compromising any component of agronomic performance. These molecular signatures of the CabHLH121 TF gene have the potential to regulate both PW and PH traits through the modulation of proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of the meristematic stem cell population in the SAM; therefore, these signatures will be useful in the translational genomic study of chickpea genetic enhancement. The restructured cultivars with desirable PH (semidwarf) and PW will ensure maximal planting density in a specified cultivable field area, thereby enhancing the overall yield and productivity of chickpea. This can essentially facilitate the achievement of better remunerative outputs by farmers with rational land use, therefore ensuring global food security in the present scenario of an increasing population density and shrinking per capita land area. Significance Statement Superior transcriptional signatures delineated from CabHLH121 enhanced yield and productivity by modulating vital plant architectural (plant width and plant height) and SAM morphometric traits without compromising any component of agronomic performance in chickpea.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-7412</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-313X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14284</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30758092</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Agronomy ; Alleles ; Binding sites ; Biomass ; chickpea ; Chickpeas ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cicer - anatomy &amp; histology ; Cicer - genetics ; Cicer - metabolism ; Cloning ; Crop yield ; Crops ; Cultivars ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; desi ; DNA ; DNA fingerprinting ; fine mapping ; Food security ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Profiling - methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene mapping ; Gene regulation ; Genes, Plant - genetics ; Genome, Plant - genetics ; Genome-wide association studies ; Genomes ; genome‐wide association study ; Genomics - methods ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Homeobox ; kabuli ; Land use ; map‐based cloning ; Meristem - anatomy &amp; histology ; Meristem - genetics ; Meristem - metabolism ; near isogenic lines ; Peptide mapping ; Phenotyping ; plant height ; Plant Shoots - anatomy &amp; histology ; Plant Shoots - genetics ; Plant Shoots - metabolism ; plant width ; Planting density ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Population density ; Population growth ; Productivity ; Proteins ; Quantitative trait loci ; Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics ; quantitative trait locus ; RIL ; shoot apical meristem ; Signatures ; single nucleotide polymorphisms ; Stem cells ; transcription factor ; yield</subject><ispartof>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2019-06, Vol.98 (5), p.864-883</ispartof><rights>2019 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2019 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd and the Society for Experimental Biology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3884-a03ec1aead1042ec1679687b68e6f77a6fce9871f927cb84245069a651e7975f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3884-a03ec1aead1042ec1679687b68e6f77a6fce9871f927cb84245069a651e7975f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-7843-3031</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Ftpj.14284$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Ftpj.14284$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30758092$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Narnoliya, Laxmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basu, Udita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajaj, Deepak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, Naveen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thakro, Virevol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daware, Anurag</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Akash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tripathi, Shailesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegde, Venkatraman S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Upadhyaya, Hari D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Ashok K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tyagi, Akhilesh K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parida, Swarup K.</creatorcontrib><title>Transcriptional signatures modulating shoot apical meristem morphometric and plant architectural traits enhance yield and productivity in chickpea</title><title>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology</title><addtitle>Plant J</addtitle><description>Summary Plant height (PH) and plant width (PW), two of the major plant architectural traits determining the yield and productivity of a crop, are defined by diverse morphometric characteristics of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that simultaneously modulates these plant/SAM architectural traits is therefore prerequisite to achieve enhanced yield and productivity in crop plants, including chickpea. Large‐scale multienvironment phenotyping of the association panel and mapping population have ascertained the efficacy of three vital SAM morphometric trait parameters, SAM width, SAM height and SAM area, as key indicators to unravel the genetic basis of the wide PW and PH trait variations observed in desi chickpea. This study integrated a genome‐wide association study (GWAS); quantitative trait locus (QTL)/fine‐mapping and map‐based cloning with molecular haplotyping; transcript profiling; and protein‐DNA interaction assays for the dissection of plant architectural traits in chickpea. These exertions delineated natural alleles and superior haplotypes from a CabHLH121 transcription factor (TF) gene within the major QTL governing PW, PH and SAM morphometric traits. A genome‐wide protein‐DNA interaction assay assured the direct binding of a known stem cell master regulator, CaWUS, to the WOX‐homeodomain TF binding sites of a CabHLH121 gene and its constituted haplotypes. The differential expression of CaWUS and transcriptional regulation of its target CabHLH121 gene/haplotypes were apparent, suggesting their collective role in altering SAM morphometric characteristics and plant architectural traits in the contrasting near isogenic lines (NILs). The NILs introgressed with a superior haplotype of a CabHLH121 exhibited optimal PW and desirable PH as well as enhanced yield and productivity without compromising any component of agronomic performance. These molecular signatures of the CabHLH121 TF gene have the potential to regulate both PW and PH traits through the modulation of proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of the meristematic stem cell population in the SAM; therefore, these signatures will be useful in the translational genomic study of chickpea genetic enhancement. The restructured cultivars with desirable PH (semidwarf) and PW will ensure maximal planting density in a specified cultivable field area, thereby enhancing the overall yield and productivity of chickpea. This can essentially facilitate the achievement of better remunerative outputs by farmers with rational land use, therefore ensuring global food security in the present scenario of an increasing population density and shrinking per capita land area. Significance Statement Superior transcriptional signatures delineated from CabHLH121 enhanced yield and productivity by modulating vital plant architectural (plant width and plant height) and SAM morphometric traits without compromising any component of agronomic performance in chickpea.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Binding sites</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>chickpea</subject><subject>Chickpeas</subject><subject>Chromosome Mapping</subject><subject>Cicer - anatomy &amp; histology</subject><subject>Cicer - genetics</subject><subject>Cicer - metabolism</subject><subject>Cloning</subject><subject>Crop yield</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>desi</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>DNA fingerprinting</subject><subject>fine mapping</subject><subject>Food security</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling - methods</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Gene mapping</subject><subject>Gene regulation</subject><subject>Genes, Plant - genetics</subject><subject>Genome, Plant - genetics</subject><subject>Genome-wide association studies</subject><subject>Genomes</subject><subject>genome‐wide association study</subject><subject>Genomics - methods</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Haplotypes</subject><subject>Homeobox</subject><subject>kabuli</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>map‐based cloning</subject><subject>Meristem - anatomy &amp; histology</subject><subject>Meristem - genetics</subject><subject>Meristem - metabolism</subject><subject>near isogenic lines</subject><subject>Peptide mapping</subject><subject>Phenotyping</subject><subject>plant height</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - anatomy &amp; histology</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Shoots - metabolism</subject><subject>plant width</subject><subject>Planting density</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</subject><subject>Population density</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>Productivity</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Quantitative trait loci</subject><subject>Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics</subject><subject>quantitative trait locus</subject><subject>RIL</subject><subject>shoot apical meristem</subject><subject>Signatures</subject><subject>single nucleotide polymorphisms</subject><subject>Stem cells</subject><subject>transcription factor</subject><subject>yield</subject><issn>0960-7412</issn><issn>1365-313X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10cFu1DAUBVCromqHtov-ALLEBhZp7dix4yWqaAFVKotB6i7yOC8dD4kTbAc0v8EX95UUFpXwxl4cX9nvEnLO2QXHdZmn3QWXZS0PyIoLVRWCi_tXZMWMYoWWvDwmr1PaMca1UPKIHAumq5qZckV-r6MNyUU_ZT8G29PkH4LNc4REh7Gde5t9eKBpO46Z2sk7JANEnzIMCOK0HQfI0TtqQ0un3gZk0W19BocpqHO0PicKYWuDA7r30LcLjpjvsv_p8576QPGS-z6BPSWHne0TnD3vJ-Tb9cf11afi9u7m89WH28KJupaFZQIct2BbzmSJR6WNqvVG1aA6ra3qHJha886U2m1qWcqKKWNVxUEbXXXihLxbcvEhP2ZIuRl8ctDjH2CcU1NyIyvD8SbSty_obpwjjgtVKRjOslJP6v2iXBxTitA1U_SDjfuGs-apqAaLav4UhfbNc-K8GaD9J_82g-ByAb98D_v_JzXrr1-WyEdlHKB1</recordid><startdate>201906</startdate><enddate>201906</enddate><creator>Narnoliya, Laxmi</creator><creator>Basu, Udita</creator><creator>Bajaj, Deepak</creator><creator>Malik, Naveen</creator><creator>Thakro, Virevol</creator><creator>Daware, Anurag</creator><creator>Sharma, Akash</creator><creator>Tripathi, Shailesh</creator><creator>Hegde, Venkatraman S.</creator><creator>Upadhyaya, Hari D.</creator><creator>Singh, Ashok K.</creator><creator>Tyagi, Akhilesh K.</creator><creator>Parida, Swarup K.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-3031</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201906</creationdate><title>Transcriptional signatures modulating shoot apical meristem morphometric and plant architectural traits enhance yield and productivity in chickpea</title><author>Narnoliya, Laxmi ; Basu, Udita ; Bajaj, Deepak ; Malik, Naveen ; Thakro, Virevol ; Daware, Anurag ; Sharma, Akash ; Tripathi, Shailesh ; Hegde, Venkatraman S. ; Upadhyaya, Hari D. ; Singh, Ashok K. ; Tyagi, Akhilesh K. ; Parida, Swarup K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3884-a03ec1aead1042ec1679687b68e6f77a6fce9871f927cb84245069a651e7975f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Agronomy</topic><topic>Alleles</topic><topic>Binding sites</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>chickpea</topic><topic>Chickpeas</topic><topic>Chromosome Mapping</topic><topic>Cicer - anatomy &amp; histology</topic><topic>Cicer - genetics</topic><topic>Cicer - metabolism</topic><topic>Cloning</topic><topic>Crop yield</topic><topic>Crops</topic><topic>Cultivars</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>desi</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA fingerprinting</topic><topic>fine mapping</topic><topic>Food security</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling - methods</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Gene mapping</topic><topic>Gene regulation</topic><topic>Genes, Plant - genetics</topic><topic>Genome, Plant - genetics</topic><topic>Genome-wide association studies</topic><topic>Genomes</topic><topic>genome‐wide association study</topic><topic>Genomics - methods</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Haplotypes</topic><topic>Homeobox</topic><topic>kabuli</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>map‐based cloning</topic><topic>Meristem - anatomy &amp; histology</topic><topic>Meristem - genetics</topic><topic>Meristem - metabolism</topic><topic>near isogenic lines</topic><topic>Peptide mapping</topic><topic>Phenotyping</topic><topic>plant height</topic><topic>Plant Shoots - anatomy &amp; histology</topic><topic>Plant Shoots - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Shoots - metabolism</topic><topic>plant width</topic><topic>Planting density</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</topic><topic>Population density</topic><topic>Population growth</topic><topic>Productivity</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Quantitative trait loci</topic><topic>Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics</topic><topic>quantitative trait locus</topic><topic>RIL</topic><topic>shoot apical meristem</topic><topic>Signatures</topic><topic>single nucleotide polymorphisms</topic><topic>Stem cells</topic><topic>transcription factor</topic><topic>yield</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Narnoliya, Laxmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basu, Udita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajaj, Deepak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malik, Naveen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thakro, Virevol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Daware, Anurag</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Akash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tripathi, Shailesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegde, Venkatraman S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Upadhyaya, Hari D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Ashok K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tyagi, Akhilesh K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parida, Swarup K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; 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The identification of potential molecular tags from a single gene that simultaneously modulates these plant/SAM architectural traits is therefore prerequisite to achieve enhanced yield and productivity in crop plants, including chickpea. Large‐scale multienvironment phenotyping of the association panel and mapping population have ascertained the efficacy of three vital SAM morphometric trait parameters, SAM width, SAM height and SAM area, as key indicators to unravel the genetic basis of the wide PW and PH trait variations observed in desi chickpea. This study integrated a genome‐wide association study (GWAS); quantitative trait locus (QTL)/fine‐mapping and map‐based cloning with molecular haplotyping; transcript profiling; and protein‐DNA interaction assays for the dissection of plant architectural traits in chickpea. These exertions delineated natural alleles and superior haplotypes from a CabHLH121 transcription factor (TF) gene within the major QTL governing PW, PH and SAM morphometric traits. A genome‐wide protein‐DNA interaction assay assured the direct binding of a known stem cell master regulator, CaWUS, to the WOX‐homeodomain TF binding sites of a CabHLH121 gene and its constituted haplotypes. The differential expression of CaWUS and transcriptional regulation of its target CabHLH121 gene/haplotypes were apparent, suggesting their collective role in altering SAM morphometric characteristics and plant architectural traits in the contrasting near isogenic lines (NILs). The NILs introgressed with a superior haplotype of a CabHLH121 exhibited optimal PW and desirable PH as well as enhanced yield and productivity without compromising any component of agronomic performance. These molecular signatures of the CabHLH121 TF gene have the potential to regulate both PW and PH traits through the modulation of proliferation, differentiation and maintenance of the meristematic stem cell population in the SAM; therefore, these signatures will be useful in the translational genomic study of chickpea genetic enhancement. The restructured cultivars with desirable PH (semidwarf) and PW will ensure maximal planting density in a specified cultivable field area, thereby enhancing the overall yield and productivity of chickpea. This can essentially facilitate the achievement of better remunerative outputs by farmers with rational land use, therefore ensuring global food security in the present scenario of an increasing population density and shrinking per capita land area. Significance Statement Superior transcriptional signatures delineated from CabHLH121 enhanced yield and productivity by modulating vital plant architectural (plant width and plant height) and SAM morphometric traits without compromising any component of agronomic performance in chickpea.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>30758092</pmid><doi>10.1111/tpj.14284</doi><tpages>20</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-3031</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Agricultural production
Agronomy
Alleles
Binding sites
Biomass
chickpea
Chickpeas
Chromosome Mapping
Cicer - anatomy & histology
Cicer - genetics
Cicer - metabolism
Cloning
Crop yield
Crops
Cultivars
Deoxyribonucleic acid
desi
DNA
DNA fingerprinting
fine mapping
Food security
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling - methods
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Gene mapping
Gene regulation
Genes, Plant - genetics
Genome, Plant - genetics
Genome-wide association studies
Genomes
genome‐wide association study
Genomics - methods
Genotype
Haplotypes
Homeobox
kabuli
Land use
map‐based cloning
Meristem - anatomy & histology
Meristem - genetics
Meristem - metabolism
near isogenic lines
Peptide mapping
Phenotyping
plant height
Plant Shoots - anatomy & histology
Plant Shoots - genetics
Plant Shoots - metabolism
plant width
Planting density
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Population density
Population growth
Productivity
Proteins
Quantitative trait loci
Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics
quantitative trait locus
RIL
shoot apical meristem
Signatures
single nucleotide polymorphisms
Stem cells
transcription factor
yield
title Transcriptional signatures modulating shoot apical meristem morphometric and plant architectural traits enhance yield and productivity in chickpea
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