Hot and bothered? Associations between temperature and crime in Australia
Temperature and crime is one of the most extreme relationships between the atmospheric environment and human behaviour, yet our knowledge about it is primarily based on Northern Hemisphere research. This study used both temporal and spatial models to investigate the relationship between temperature...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of biometeorology 2019-06, Vol.63 (6), p.747-762 |
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| creator | Stevens, Heather R. Beggs, Paul J. Graham, Petra L. Chang, Hsing-Chung |
| description | Temperature and crime is one of the most extreme relationships between the atmospheric environment and human behaviour, yet our knowledge about it is primarily based on Northern Hemisphere research. This study used both temporal and spatial models to investigate the relationship between temperature and crime in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, using an 11-year data set. Results suggested that assault and theft counts were significantly higher in summer than winter (17.8 and 3.7%, respectively), while fraud counts were not significantly different. Using linear and quadratic terms for maximum daily temperature, a linear regression model indicated that daily assault counts significantly increased with rising temperature and the rate of increase slowed as temperatures exceeded 30 °C. Theft counts significantly increased with rising temperature then declined as temperatures exceeded 30°C. Again, there was no evidence of a relationship between temperature and frequency of fraud count. Spatial modelling revealed that 96% of local government areas (LGAs) in NSW had a higher summer assault rate than winter. The findings of this study provide an empirical foundation for understanding crime-temperature relationships in Australia. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00484-019-01689-y |
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Associations between temperature and crime in Australia</title><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Stevens, Heather R. ; Beggs, Paul J. ; Graham, Petra L. ; Chang, Hsing-Chung</creator><creatorcontrib>Stevens, Heather R. ; Beggs, Paul J. ; Graham, Petra L. ; Chang, Hsing-Chung</creatorcontrib><description>Temperature and crime is one of the most extreme relationships between the atmospheric environment and human behaviour, yet our knowledge about it is primarily based on Northern Hemisphere research. This study used both temporal and spatial models to investigate the relationship between temperature and crime in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, using an 11-year data set. Results suggested that assault and theft counts were significantly higher in summer than winter (17.8 and 3.7%, respectively), while fraud counts were not significantly different. Using linear and quadratic terms for maximum daily temperature, a linear regression model indicated that daily assault counts significantly increased with rising temperature and the rate of increase slowed as temperatures exceeded 30 °C. Theft counts significantly increased with rising temperature then declined as temperatures exceeded 30°C. Again, there was no evidence of a relationship between temperature and frequency of fraud count. Spatial modelling revealed that 96% of local government areas (LGAs) in NSW had a higher summer assault rate than winter. The findings of this study provide an empirical foundation for understanding crime-temperature relationships in Australia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-7128</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1254</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01689-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30830288</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Animal Physiology ; Atmospheric models ; Biological and Medical Physics ; Biophysics ; Crime ; Daily temperatures ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Fraud ; Frequency dependence ; Human behavior ; Local government ; Meteorology ; Northern Hemisphere ; Original Paper ; Plant Physiology ; Regression models ; Summer ; Temperature ; Temperature effects ; Theft ; Winter</subject><ispartof>International journal of biometeorology, 2019-06, Vol.63 (6), p.747-762</ispartof><rights>ISB 2019</rights><rights>International Journal of Biometeorology is a copyright of Springer, (2019). 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Associations between temperature and crime in Australia</title><title>International journal of biometeorology</title><addtitle>Int J Biometeorol</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Biometeorol</addtitle><description>Temperature and crime is one of the most extreme relationships between the atmospheric environment and human behaviour, yet our knowledge about it is primarily based on Northern Hemisphere research. This study used both temporal and spatial models to investigate the relationship between temperature and crime in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, using an 11-year data set. Results suggested that assault and theft counts were significantly higher in summer than winter (17.8 and 3.7%, respectively), while fraud counts were not significantly different. Using linear and quadratic terms for maximum daily temperature, a linear regression model indicated that daily assault counts significantly increased with rising temperature and the rate of increase slowed as temperatures exceeded 30 °C. Theft counts significantly increased with rising temperature then declined as temperatures exceeded 30°C. Again, there was no evidence of a relationship between temperature and frequency of fraud count. Spatial modelling revealed that 96% of local government areas (LGAs) in NSW had a higher summer assault rate than winter. 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Associations between temperature and crime in Australia</title><author>Stevens, Heather R. ; Beggs, Paul J. ; Graham, Petra L. ; Chang, Hsing-Chung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c441t-512a2d4925ed9a57aadef9c296bc69d7c683f2877d647f95296a0a446730eedf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Animal Physiology</topic><topic>Atmospheric models</topic><topic>Biological and Medical Physics</topic><topic>Biophysics</topic><topic>Crime</topic><topic>Daily temperatures</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Fraud</topic><topic>Frequency dependence</topic><topic>Human behavior</topic><topic>Local government</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>Northern Hemisphere</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Regression models</topic><topic>Summer</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature effects</topic><topic>Theft</topic><topic>Winter</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stevens, Heather R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beggs, Paul J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, Petra L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Hsing-Chung</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Military Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Military Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of biometeorology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stevens, Heather R.</au><au>Beggs, Paul J.</au><au>Graham, Petra L.</au><au>Chang, Hsing-Chung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hot and bothered? 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| subjects | Animal Physiology Atmospheric models Biological and Medical Physics Biophysics Crime Daily temperatures Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Health Fraud Frequency dependence Human behavior Local government Meteorology Northern Hemisphere Original Paper Plant Physiology Regression models Summer Temperature Temperature effects Theft Winter |
| title | Hot and bothered? Associations between temperature and crime in Australia |
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