Left ventricular vortex formation time in elite athletes
Vortex formation time (VFT) is a continuous measure of the left ventricular (LV) filling that integrates all phases of diastole. This has been previously studied in patients with heart failure. This study examined the differences in VFT between healthy controls and elite athletes. We compared echoca...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging 2019-02, Vol.35 (2), p.307-311 |
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| creator | King, Gerard Ngiam, Nicholas Clarke, John Wood, Malissa J. Poh, Kian-Keong |
| description | Vortex formation time (VFT) is a continuous measure of the left ventricular (LV) filling that integrates all phases of diastole. This has been previously studied in patients with heart failure. This study examined the differences in VFT between healthy controls and elite athletes. We compared echocardiographic indices between elite male athletes (n = 41) and age-, weight- and sex-matched sedentary volunteers (n = 22). VFT was obtained using the validated formula: 4 × (1 −
β
)/
π
×
α
3
× LVEF, where
β
is the fraction of total transmitral diastolic stroke volume contributed by atrial contraction (assessed by time velocity integral of the mitral E- and A-waves) and
α
is the biplane end-diastolic volume (EDV)
1/3
divided by mitral annular diameter during early diastole. Diastolic function was measured by the ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e′) (E/e′ ratio) and the ratio of E to mitral peak velocity of late filling (A) (E/A ratio). The heart rate was lower (63 ± 10 vs. 74 ± 6 beats per minute, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10554-019-01561-5 |
| format | Article |
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β
)/
π
×
α
3
× LVEF, where
β
is the fraction of total transmitral diastolic stroke volume contributed by atrial contraction (assessed by time velocity integral of the mitral E- and A-waves) and
α
is the biplane end-diastolic volume (EDV)
1/3
divided by mitral annular diameter during early diastole. Diastolic function was measured by the ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e′) (E/e′ ratio) and the ratio of E to mitral peak velocity of late filling (A) (E/A ratio). The heart rate was lower (63 ± 10 vs. 74 ± 6 beats per minute, p < 0.001) and the LV end diastolic diameter was larger in athletes as compared to controls (56 ± 3 vs. 50 ± 4 mm, p < 0.001). The VFT was lower in the sedentary group compared to athletes (3.1 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.001). Similarly, E/e′ was higher in sedentary controls compared to athletes (7.5 ± 1.8 vs 4.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a modest correlation between VFT and E/A (r = 0.47, p < 0.001) as well as E/e′ (r = − 0.33, p = 0.012). In conclusion, the VFT was elevated among elite athletes compared to healthy sedentary controls.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1569-5794</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-0743</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1875-8312</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10554-019-01561-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30826903</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Physiological ; Adult ; Athletes ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cardiac Imaging ; Cardiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Congestive heart failure ; Contraction ; Diastole ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Rate ; Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Original Paper ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Radiology ; Stroke ; Stroke volume ; Time Factors ; Velocity ; Ventricle ; Ventricular Function, Right ; Weight ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging, 2019-02, Vol.35 (2), p.307-311</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature B.V. 2019</rights><rights>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging is a copyright of Springer, (2019). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-efbec5c4c09ab67063cc0ba2e3fbdc7d56222d1784f1217743e86e86edcd1ab63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-efbec5c4c09ab67063cc0ba2e3fbdc7d56222d1784f1217743e86e86edcd1ab63</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3339-7281</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-019-01561-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10554-019-01561-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30826903$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>King, Gerard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ngiam, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, Malissa J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poh, Kian-Keong</creatorcontrib><title>Left ventricular vortex formation time in elite athletes</title><title>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</title><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><description>Vortex formation time (VFT) is a continuous measure of the left ventricular (LV) filling that integrates all phases of diastole. This has been previously studied in patients with heart failure. This study examined the differences in VFT between healthy controls and elite athletes. We compared echocardiographic indices between elite male athletes (n = 41) and age-, weight- and sex-matched sedentary volunteers (n = 22). VFT was obtained using the validated formula: 4 × (1 −
β
)/
π
×
α
3
× LVEF, where
β
is the fraction of total transmitral diastolic stroke volume contributed by atrial contraction (assessed by time velocity integral of the mitral E- and A-waves) and
α
is the biplane end-diastolic volume (EDV)
1/3
divided by mitral annular diameter during early diastole. Diastolic function was measured by the ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e′) (E/e′ ratio) and the ratio of E to mitral peak velocity of late filling (A) (E/A ratio). The heart rate was lower (63 ± 10 vs. 74 ± 6 beats per minute, p < 0.001) and the LV end diastolic diameter was larger in athletes as compared to controls (56 ± 3 vs. 50 ± 4 mm, p < 0.001). The VFT was lower in the sedentary group compared to athletes (3.1 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.001). Similarly, E/e′ was higher in sedentary controls compared to athletes (7.5 ± 1.8 vs 4.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a modest correlation between VFT and E/A (r = 0.47, p < 0.001) as well as E/e′ (r = − 0.33, p = 0.012). In conclusion, the VFT was elevated among elite athletes compared to healthy sedentary controls.</description><subject>Adaptation, Physiological</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Athletes</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Cardiac Imaging</subject><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Congestive heart failure</subject><subject>Contraction</subject><subject>Diastole</subject><subject>Echocardiography, Doppler</subject><subject>Electrocardiography</subject><subject>Heart Rate</subject><subject>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Predictive Value of Tests</subject><subject>Radiology</subject><subject>Stroke</subject><subject>Stroke volume</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Velocity</subject><subject>Ventricle</subject><subject>Ventricular Function, Right</subject><subject>Weight</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1569-5794</issn><issn>1573-0743</issn><issn>1875-8312</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtKxDAUhoMozjj6Ai6k4MZN9SRpknYpgzcYcKPrkKan2qGXMUkHfXszM17AhZCQQL7_z-Ej5JTCJQVQV56CEFkKtIhbSJqKPTKlQvEUVMb3N3dZpEIV2YQceb8EAAaMH5IJh5zJAviU5AusQ7LGPrjGjq1xyXpwAd-TenCdCc3QJ6HpMGn6BNsmYGLCa4sB_TE5qE3r8eTrnJHn25un-X26eLx7mF8vUsuVCCnWJVphMwuFKaUCya2F0jDkdVlZVQnJGKuoyrOaMqri3JjLzapsRWOCz8jFrnflhrcRfdBd4y22relxGL1mNFeFyCTLI3r-B10Oo-vjdFuKCSUYixTbUdYN3jus9co1nXEfmoLeeNU7rzp61VuvWsTQ2Vf1WHZY_US-RUaA7wAfn_oXdL9__1P7CXBZgoI</recordid><startdate>20190201</startdate><enddate>20190201</enddate><creator>King, Gerard</creator><creator>Ngiam, Nicholas</creator><creator>Clarke, John</creator><creator>Wood, Malissa J.</creator><creator>Poh, Kian-Keong</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7Z</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-7281</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20190201</creationdate><title>Left ventricular vortex formation time in elite athletes</title><author>King, Gerard ; Ngiam, Nicholas ; Clarke, John ; Wood, Malissa J. ; Poh, Kian-Keong</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-efbec5c4c09ab67063cc0ba2e3fbdc7d56222d1784f1217743e86e86edcd1ab63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adaptation, Physiological</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Athletes</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Cardiac Imaging</topic><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Congestive heart failure</topic><topic>Contraction</topic><topic>Diastole</topic><topic>Echocardiography, Doppler</topic><topic>Electrocardiography</topic><topic>Heart Rate</topic><topic>Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Predictive Value of Tests</topic><topic>Radiology</topic><topic>Stroke</topic><topic>Stroke volume</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Velocity</topic><topic>Ventricle</topic><topic>Ventricular Function, Right</topic><topic>Weight</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>King, Gerard</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ngiam, Nicholas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, Malissa J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poh, Kian-Keong</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biochemistry Abstracts 1</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>King, Gerard</au><au>Ngiam, Nicholas</au><au>Clarke, John</au><au>Wood, Malissa J.</au><au>Poh, Kian-Keong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Left ventricular vortex formation time in elite athletes</atitle><jtitle>The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging</jtitle><stitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</stitle><addtitle>Int J Cardiovasc Imaging</addtitle><date>2019-02-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>307</spage><epage>311</epage><pages>307-311</pages><issn>1569-5794</issn><eissn>1573-0743</eissn><eissn>1875-8312</eissn><abstract>Vortex formation time (VFT) is a continuous measure of the left ventricular (LV) filling that integrates all phases of diastole. This has been previously studied in patients with heart failure. This study examined the differences in VFT between healthy controls and elite athletes. We compared echocardiographic indices between elite male athletes (n = 41) and age-, weight- and sex-matched sedentary volunteers (n = 22). VFT was obtained using the validated formula: 4 × (1 −
β
)/
π
×
α
3
× LVEF, where
β
is the fraction of total transmitral diastolic stroke volume contributed by atrial contraction (assessed by time velocity integral of the mitral E- and A-waves) and
α
is the biplane end-diastolic volume (EDV)
1/3
divided by mitral annular diameter during early diastole. Diastolic function was measured by the ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling (E) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e′) (E/e′ ratio) and the ratio of E to mitral peak velocity of late filling (A) (E/A ratio). The heart rate was lower (63 ± 10 vs. 74 ± 6 beats per minute, p < 0.001) and the LV end diastolic diameter was larger in athletes as compared to controls (56 ± 3 vs. 50 ± 4 mm, p < 0.001). The VFT was lower in the sedentary group compared to athletes (3.1 ± 0.4 vs. 4.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.001). Similarly, E/e′ was higher in sedentary controls compared to athletes (7.5 ± 1.8 vs 4.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a modest correlation between VFT and E/A (r = 0.47, p < 0.001) as well as E/e′ (r = − 0.33, p = 0.012). In conclusion, the VFT was elevated among elite athletes compared to healthy sedentary controls.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>30826903</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10554-019-01561-5</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3339-7281</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adaptation, Physiological Adult Athletes Biomechanical Phenomena Cardiac Imaging Cardiology Case-Control Studies Congestive heart failure Contraction Diastole Echocardiography, Doppler Electrocardiography Heart Rate Heart Ventricles - diagnostic imaging Humans Imaging Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Original Paper Predictive Value of Tests Radiology Stroke Stroke volume Time Factors Velocity Ventricle Ventricular Function, Right Weight Young Adult |
| title | Left ventricular vortex formation time in elite athletes |
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