Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis among children in California, 2000–2016

Abstract We calculated population-based incidence of coccidioidomycosis from the 2000–2016 California surveillance data and compared children (≤17 years) with adults (≥18 years). During that time, the annual pediatric incidence per 100,000 increased from 0.8 in 2000 to 5.2 in 2016, while the adult annual rate increased from 3.2 in 2000 to 16.2 in 2016. Pediatric incidence was higher among children in the 12–17-year age group and among residents of endemic counties. Rates by sex were similar from infancy until adolescence when rates in males became substantially higher than females and remained so into older age; reasons for this are unclear.