Time-lapse three-dimensional imaging of crack propagation in beetle cuticle

[Display omitted] Arthropod cuticle has extraordinary properties. It is very stiff and tough whilst being lightweight, yet it is made of rather ordinary constituents. This desirable combination of properties results from a hierarchical structure, but we currently have a poor understanding of how thi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Acta biomaterialia 2019-03, Vol.86, p.109-116
Hauptverfasser: Sykes, Dan, Hartwell, Rebecca, Bradley, Rob S., Burnett, Timothy L., Hornberger, Benjamin, Garwood, Russell J., Withers, Philip J.
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container_end_page 116
container_issue
container_start_page 109
container_title Acta biomaterialia
container_volume 86
creator Sykes, Dan
Hartwell, Rebecca
Bradley, Rob S.
Burnett, Timothy L.
Hornberger, Benjamin
Garwood, Russell J.
Withers, Philip J.
description [Display omitted] Arthropod cuticle has extraordinary properties. It is very stiff and tough whilst being lightweight, yet it is made of rather ordinary constituents. This desirable combination of properties results from a hierarchical structure, but we currently have a poor understanding of how this impedes damage propagation. Here we use non-destructive, time-lapse in situ tensile testing within an X-ray nanotomography (nCT) system to visualise crack progression through dry beetle elytron (wing case) cuticle in 3D. We find that its hierarchical pseudo-orthogonal laminated microstructure exploits many extrinsic toughening mechanisms, including crack deflection, fibre and laminate pull-out and crack bridging. We highlight lessons to be learned in the design of engineering structures from the toughening methods employed. We present the first comprehensive study of the damage and toughening mechanisms within arthropod cuticle in a 3D time-lapse manner, using X-ray nanotomography during crack growth. This technique allows lamina to be isolated despite being convex, which limits 2D analysis of microstructure. We report toughening mechanisms previously unobserved in unmineralised cuticle such as crack deflection, fibre and laminate pull-out and crack bridging; and provide insights into the effects of hierarchical microstructure on crack propagation. Ultimately the benefits of the hierarchical microstructure found here can not only be used to improve biomimetic design, but also helps us to understand the remarkable success of arthropods on Earth.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.031
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It is very stiff and tough whilst being lightweight, yet it is made of rather ordinary constituents. This desirable combination of properties results from a hierarchical structure, but we currently have a poor understanding of how this impedes damage propagation. Here we use non-destructive, time-lapse in situ tensile testing within an X-ray nanotomography (nCT) system to visualise crack progression through dry beetle elytron (wing case) cuticle in 3D. We find that its hierarchical pseudo-orthogonal laminated microstructure exploits many extrinsic toughening mechanisms, including crack deflection, fibre and laminate pull-out and crack bridging. We highlight lessons to be learned in the design of engineering structures from the toughening methods employed. We present the first comprehensive study of the damage and toughening mechanisms within arthropod cuticle in a 3D time-lapse manner, using X-ray nanotomography during crack growth. This technique allows lamina to be isolated despite being convex, which limits 2D analysis of microstructure. We report toughening mechanisms previously unobserved in unmineralised cuticle such as crack deflection, fibre and laminate pull-out and crack bridging; and provide insights into the effects of hierarchical microstructure on crack propagation. 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subjects Animals
Arthropod cuticle
Biological composites
Coleoptera - anatomy & histology
Crack bridging
Crack propagation
Cuticles
Design engineering
Destructive testing
Elastic Modulus
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Integumentary System - anatomy & histology
Stress, Mechanical
Structural hierarchy
Time-Lapse Imaging
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Toughening
X-ray tomography
title Time-lapse three-dimensional imaging of crack propagation in beetle cuticle
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