Weight loss and lifestyle interventions for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Summary Lifestyle interventions addressing diet, exercise‐training, sleep hygiene, and/or tobacco/alcohol cessation are recommended in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Yet their effectiveness on this condition still requires further research. This systematic review and meta‐analysis...

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Veröffentlicht in:Obesity reviews 2019-05, Vol.20 (5), p.750-762
Hauptverfasser: Carneiro‐Barrera, Almudena, Díaz‐Román, Amparo, Guillén‐Riquelme, Alejandro, Buela‐Casal, Gualberto
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container_issue 5
container_start_page 750
container_title Obesity reviews
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creator Carneiro‐Barrera, Almudena
Díaz‐Román, Amparo
Guillén‐Riquelme, Alejandro
Buela‐Casal, Gualberto
description Summary Lifestyle interventions addressing diet, exercise‐training, sleep hygiene, and/or tobacco/alcohol cessation are recommended in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Yet their effectiveness on this condition still requires further research. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was aimed at establishing (a) the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and secondary OSA measures among adults, and (b) which intervention characteristics may drive the greatest improvements. A systematic search of studies was conducted using CINAHL, ProQuest, Psicodoc, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to April 2018. Standardized mean differences were calculated using the inverse variance method and random‐effects models. The meta‐analyses of 13 randomized controlled trials and 22 uncontrolled before‐and‐after studies (1420 participants) revealed significant reductions on AHI (d = −0.61 and −0.46, respectively), ODI (d = −0.61 and −0.46) and EDS (d = −0.41 and −0.49). Secondary OSA outcomes were also improved after interventions. However, effectiveness of interventions differed depending on their components, OSA severity, and gender. Thus, until future research further supports the differential effectiveness among lifestyle interventions on OSA, those addressing weight loss through diet and exercise‐training may be the most effective treatments for male patients with moderate‐severe OSA.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/obr.12824
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Yet their effectiveness on this condition still requires further research. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was aimed at establishing (a) the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and secondary OSA measures among adults, and (b) which intervention characteristics may drive the greatest improvements. A systematic search of studies was conducted using CINAHL, ProQuest, Psicodoc, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to April 2018. Standardized mean differences were calculated using the inverse variance method and random‐effects models. The meta‐analyses of 13 randomized controlled trials and 22 uncontrolled before‐and‐after studies (1420 participants) revealed significant reductions on AHI (d = −0.61 and −0.46, respectively), ODI (d = −0.61 and −0.46) and EDS (d = −0.41 and −0.49). Secondary OSA outcomes were also improved after interventions. However, effectiveness of interventions differed depending on their components, OSA severity, and gender. Thus, until future research further supports the differential effectiveness among lifestyle interventions on OSA, those addressing weight loss through diet and exercise‐training may be the most effective treatments for male patients with moderate‐severe OSA.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>30609450</pmid><doi>10.1111/obr.12824</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-6468</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Adults
Alcohols
Apnea
Body weight loss
Clinical trials
Desaturation
Diet
Humans
Hygiene
Life Style
lifestyle intervention
Lifestyles
Meta-analysis
Obesity - complications
Obesity - therapy
obstructive sleep apnoea
Sleep
Sleep and wakefulness
Sleep apnea
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - complications
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - therapy
Sleep deprivation
Sleep disorders
Sleepiness
Systematic review
Tobacco
Training
Treatment Outcome
Weight Loss
title Weight loss and lifestyle interventions for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
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