Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes
Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites. Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flav...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Addictive behaviors 2019-04, Vol.91, p.128-135 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 135 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | |
| container_start_page | 128 |
| container_title | Addictive behaviors |
| container_volume | 91 |
| creator | Soule, Eric K. Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K. Palafox, Sherilyn Pokhrel, Pallav Herzog, Thaddeus A. Thompson, Noel Fagan, Pebbles |
| description | Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites.
Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flavored liquids were purchased in April of 2016 (n = 144, 48 unique flavors). Staff analyzed the text and image descriptors displayed on liquid bottles and retailer websites and coded content for presence of specific flavor, taste/smell, chemesthesis (i.e., touch), America/patriotic, and product quality/potentially modified risk content. A follow-up of retailer websites was conducted in March 2018.
Nearly all (97.9%) ECIG liquids included a description that promoted flavor. Most descriptions including images of something other than an ECIG liquid bottle (e.g., 62% of tobacco ECIG liquid images included dried tobacco leaves, 43% of menthol ECIG liquid images included mint leaves or ice, 62% of apple ECIG liquid images included an apple). Images often promoted product sensations (e.g., cool, ice), sweet tastes of other products (e.g., chocolate, apple pie), or other appeals (e.g., America). Menthol and apple descriptions/images were more likely than tobacco descriptions/images to promote appeals related to chemesthesis (e.g., cool, warm, moist; p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.012 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2164100041</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0306460318313108</els_id><sourcerecordid>2164100041</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-dede5009b03688b4d0769b0715cee950fe4f78a7626f963c0c2dfaf5d55721b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS0EotvCN0DIEhcuCTNOYmcvSGhVKFIlLr0bxx4vXrJxsZ1K_fZ4tYUDB04jP_3mj99j7A1Ci4Dyw6E1zk30oxWAY4vYAopnbIOj6hrZCfWcbaAD2fQSugt2mfMBKqGG_iW7qDpIKdSGfd_FpdBSuFnM_JhD5tHzUKW0UOFHk35SCcue55JMoX2gzNdMjpfI71M8xkLcz-YhpqrRTLakuATLbdibRKVQfsVeeDNnev1Ur9jd5-u73U1z--3L192n28Z2WyiNI0cDwHaCTo7j1DtQsj4UDpZoO4Cn3qvRKCmk38rOghXOGz-4YVACp-6KvT-PrVf9WikXfQzZ0jybheKatUDZIwD0WNF3_6CHuKb6_RM1ShQ99qpS_ZmyKeacyOv7FKofjxpBnwLQB30OQJ8C0Ii62lvb3j4NX6cjub9NfxyvwMczQNWMh0BJZxtoseRCqvZpF8P_N_wGxK6ZRA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2186124147</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete</source><creator>Soule, Eric K. ; Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K. ; Palafox, Sherilyn ; Pokhrel, Pallav ; Herzog, Thaddeus A. ; Thompson, Noel ; Fagan, Pebbles</creator><creatorcontrib>Soule, Eric K. ; Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K. ; Palafox, Sherilyn ; Pokhrel, Pallav ; Herzog, Thaddeus A. ; Thompson, Noel ; Fagan, Pebbles</creatorcontrib><description>Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites.
Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flavored liquids were purchased in April of 2016 (n = 144, 48 unique flavors). Staff analyzed the text and image descriptors displayed on liquid bottles and retailer websites and coded content for presence of specific flavor, taste/smell, chemesthesis (i.e., touch), America/patriotic, and product quality/potentially modified risk content. A follow-up of retailer websites was conducted in March 2018.
Nearly all (97.9%) ECIG liquids included a description that promoted flavor. Most descriptions including images of something other than an ECIG liquid bottle (e.g., 62% of tobacco ECIG liquid images included dried tobacco leaves, 43% of menthol ECIG liquid images included mint leaves or ice, 62% of apple ECIG liquid images included an apple). Images often promoted product sensations (e.g., cool, ice), sweet tastes of other products (e.g., chocolate, apple pie), or other appeals (e.g., America). Menthol and apple descriptions/images were more likely than tobacco descriptions/images to promote appeals related to chemesthesis (e.g., cool, warm, moist; p < .05). Most flavors were still available in 2018 and included the same flavor descriptions from 2016.
Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products, especially among at-risk populations such as youth.
•ECIG retailers use vivid images and descriptions to promote ECIG liquids•Text and images used to promote ECIG products may affect harm perceptions and appeal•Research on how ECIG product marketing affects at-risk populations is needed</description><identifier>ISSN: 0306-4603</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1873-6327</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6327</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30606627</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Advertising ; Chemical stimuli ; Chocolate ; Cigarettes ; Descriptions ; Electronic cigarettes ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Flavor ; Flavoring Agents ; Flavors ; Humans ; Internet ; Irritation ; Leaves ; Liquid ; Marketing ; Menthol ; Olfaction ; Product Packaging ; Promotion ; Qualitative research ; Sensory integration ; Smoking ; Sweet taste ; Tobacco ; Vaping ; Websites</subject><ispartof>Addictive behaviors, 2019-04, Vol.91, p.128-135</ispartof><rights>2018</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright Pergamon Press Inc. Apr 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-dede5009b03688b4d0769b0715cee950fe4f78a7626f963c0c2dfaf5d55721b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-dede5009b03688b4d0769b0715cee950fe4f78a7626f963c0c2dfaf5d55721b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0289-432X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.012$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30606627$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Soule, Eric K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palafox, Sherilyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pokhrel, Pallav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herzog, Thaddeus A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Noel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fagan, Pebbles</creatorcontrib><title>Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes</title><title>Addictive behaviors</title><addtitle>Addict Behav</addtitle><description>Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites.
Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flavored liquids were purchased in April of 2016 (n = 144, 48 unique flavors). Staff analyzed the text and image descriptors displayed on liquid bottles and retailer websites and coded content for presence of specific flavor, taste/smell, chemesthesis (i.e., touch), America/patriotic, and product quality/potentially modified risk content. A follow-up of retailer websites was conducted in March 2018.
Nearly all (97.9%) ECIG liquids included a description that promoted flavor. Most descriptions including images of something other than an ECIG liquid bottle (e.g., 62% of tobacco ECIG liquid images included dried tobacco leaves, 43% of menthol ECIG liquid images included mint leaves or ice, 62% of apple ECIG liquid images included an apple). Images often promoted product sensations (e.g., cool, ice), sweet tastes of other products (e.g., chocolate, apple pie), or other appeals (e.g., America). Menthol and apple descriptions/images were more likely than tobacco descriptions/images to promote appeals related to chemesthesis (e.g., cool, warm, moist; p < .05). Most flavors were still available in 2018 and included the same flavor descriptions from 2016.
Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products, especially among at-risk populations such as youth.
•ECIG retailers use vivid images and descriptions to promote ECIG liquids•Text and images used to promote ECIG products may affect harm perceptions and appeal•Research on how ECIG product marketing affects at-risk populations is needed</description><subject>Advertising</subject><subject>Chemical stimuli</subject><subject>Chocolate</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>Descriptions</subject><subject>Electronic cigarettes</subject><subject>Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems</subject><subject>Flavor</subject><subject>Flavoring Agents</subject><subject>Flavors</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Internet</subject><subject>Irritation</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Liquid</subject><subject>Marketing</subject><subject>Menthol</subject><subject>Olfaction</subject><subject>Product Packaging</subject><subject>Promotion</subject><subject>Qualitative research</subject><subject>Sensory integration</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Sweet taste</subject><subject>Tobacco</subject><subject>Vaping</subject><subject>Websites</subject><issn>0306-4603</issn><issn>1873-6327</issn><issn>1873-6327</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU9v1DAQxS0EotvCN0DIEhcuCTNOYmcvSGhVKFIlLr0bxx4vXrJxsZ1K_fZ4tYUDB04jP_3mj99j7A1Ci4Dyw6E1zk30oxWAY4vYAopnbIOj6hrZCfWcbaAD2fQSugt2mfMBKqGG_iW7qDpIKdSGfd_FpdBSuFnM_JhD5tHzUKW0UOFHk35SCcue55JMoX2gzNdMjpfI71M8xkLcz-YhpqrRTLakuATLbdibRKVQfsVeeDNnev1Ur9jd5-u73U1z--3L192n28Z2WyiNI0cDwHaCTo7j1DtQsj4UDpZoO4Cn3qvRKCmk38rOghXOGz-4YVACp-6KvT-PrVf9WikXfQzZ0jybheKatUDZIwD0WNF3_6CHuKb6_RM1ShQ99qpS_ZmyKeacyOv7FKofjxpBnwLQB30OQJ8C0Ii62lvb3j4NX6cjub9NfxyvwMczQNWMh0BJZxtoseRCqvZpF8P_N_wGxK6ZRA</recordid><startdate>201904</startdate><enddate>201904</enddate><creator>Soule, Eric K.</creator><creator>Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K.</creator><creator>Palafox, Sherilyn</creator><creator>Pokhrel, Pallav</creator><creator>Herzog, Thaddeus A.</creator><creator>Thompson, Noel</creator><creator>Fagan, Pebbles</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-432X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201904</creationdate><title>Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes</title><author>Soule, Eric K. ; Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K. ; Palafox, Sherilyn ; Pokhrel, Pallav ; Herzog, Thaddeus A. ; Thompson, Noel ; Fagan, Pebbles</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-dede5009b03688b4d0769b0715cee950fe4f78a7626f963c0c2dfaf5d55721b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Advertising</topic><topic>Chemical stimuli</topic><topic>Chocolate</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>Descriptions</topic><topic>Electronic cigarettes</topic><topic>Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems</topic><topic>Flavor</topic><topic>Flavoring Agents</topic><topic>Flavors</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Internet</topic><topic>Irritation</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Liquid</topic><topic>Marketing</topic><topic>Menthol</topic><topic>Olfaction</topic><topic>Product Packaging</topic><topic>Promotion</topic><topic>Qualitative research</topic><topic>Sensory integration</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Sweet taste</topic><topic>Tobacco</topic><topic>Vaping</topic><topic>Websites</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Soule, Eric K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palafox, Sherilyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pokhrel, Pallav</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Herzog, Thaddeus A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Noel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fagan, Pebbles</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Addictive behaviors</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Soule, Eric K.</au><au>Sakuma, Kari-Lyn K.</au><au>Palafox, Sherilyn</au><au>Pokhrel, Pallav</au><au>Herzog, Thaddeus A.</au><au>Thompson, Noel</au><au>Fagan, Pebbles</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes</atitle><jtitle>Addictive behaviors</jtitle><addtitle>Addict Behav</addtitle><date>2019-04</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>91</volume><spage>128</spage><epage>135</epage><pages>128-135</pages><issn>0306-4603</issn><issn>1873-6327</issn><eissn>1873-6327</eissn><abstract>Flavored e-cigarette (ECIG) use and Internet marketing have increased in the U.S. This study examined the content used to promote flavored ECIG liquids on retailer websites.
Four ECIG liquid retailers from four U.S. geographic regions (n = 16) were randomly selected. Menthol, apple, and tobacco flavored liquids were purchased in April of 2016 (n = 144, 48 unique flavors). Staff analyzed the text and image descriptors displayed on liquid bottles and retailer websites and coded content for presence of specific flavor, taste/smell, chemesthesis (i.e., touch), America/patriotic, and product quality/potentially modified risk content. A follow-up of retailer websites was conducted in March 2018.
Nearly all (97.9%) ECIG liquids included a description that promoted flavor. Most descriptions including images of something other than an ECIG liquid bottle (e.g., 62% of tobacco ECIG liquid images included dried tobacco leaves, 43% of menthol ECIG liquid images included mint leaves or ice, 62% of apple ECIG liquid images included an apple). Images often promoted product sensations (e.g., cool, ice), sweet tastes of other products (e.g., chocolate, apple pie), or other appeals (e.g., America). Menthol and apple descriptions/images were more likely than tobacco descriptions/images to promote appeals related to chemesthesis (e.g., cool, warm, moist; p < .05). Most flavors were still available in 2018 and included the same flavor descriptions from 2016.
Flavored ECIG liquid marketing often includes text descriptions and images that appeal to consumer sensations. Studies are needed to examine how access to point-of-sale Internet advertisements influences attitudes, perceptions, and purchasing of ECIG products, especially among at-risk populations such as youth.
•ECIG retailers use vivid images and descriptions to promote ECIG liquids•Text and images used to promote ECIG products may affect harm perceptions and appeal•Research on how ECIG product marketing affects at-risk populations is needed</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>30606627</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.012</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0289-432X</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0306-4603 |
| ispartof | Addictive behaviors, 2019-04, Vol.91, p.128-135 |
| issn | 0306-4603 1873-6327 1873-6327 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2164100041 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Advertising Chemical stimuli Chocolate Cigarettes Descriptions Electronic cigarettes Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Flavor Flavoring Agents Flavors Humans Internet Irritation Leaves Liquid Marketing Menthol Olfaction Product Packaging Promotion Qualitative research Sensory integration Smoking Sweet taste Tobacco Vaping Websites |
| title | Content analysis of internet marketing strategies used to promote flavored electronic cigarettes |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-02T09%3A55%3A40IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Content%20analysis%20of%20internet%20marketing%20strategies%20used%20to%20promote%20flavored%20electronic%20cigarettes&rft.jtitle=Addictive%20behaviors&rft.au=Soule,%20Eric%20K.&rft.date=2019-04&rft.volume=91&rft.spage=128&rft.epage=135&rft.pages=128-135&rft.issn=0306-4603&rft.eissn=1873-6327&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.012&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2164100041%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2186124147&rft_id=info:pmid/30606627&rft_els_id=S0306460318313108&rfr_iscdi=true |