Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America
A critical component of assessing the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems involves understanding associated changes in the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Evidence from research on northeastern North American forests shows that direct effects of climate change will evoke changes in bi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Canadian journal of forest research 2009-02, Vol.39 (2), p.264-284 |
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| creator | Campbell, John L Rustad, Lindsey E Boyer, Elizabeth W Christopher, Sheila F Driscoll, Charles T Fernandez, Ivan J Groffman, Peter M Houle, Daniel Kiekbusch, Jana Magill, Alison H Mitchell, Myron J Ollinger, Scott V |
| description | A critical component of assessing the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems involves understanding associated changes in the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Evidence from research on northeastern North American forests shows that direct effects of climate change will evoke changes in biogeochemical cycling by altering plant physiology, forest productivity, and soil physical, chemical, and biological processes. Indirect effects, largely mediated by changes in species composition, length of growing season, and hydrology, will also be important. The case study presented here uses the quantitative biogeochemical model PnET-BGC to test assumptions about the direct and indirect effects of climate change on a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Modeling results indicate an overall increase in net primary production due to a longer growing season, an increase in NO3- leaching due to large increases in net mineralization and nitrification, and slight declines in mineral weathering due to a reduction in soil moisture. Future research should focus on uncertainties, including the effects of (1) multiple simultaneous interactions of stressors (e.g., climate change, ozone, acidic deposition); (2) long-term atmospheric CO2 enrichment on vegetation; (3) changes in forest species composition; (4) extreme climatic events and other disturbances (e.g., ice storms, fire, invasive species); and (5) feedback mechanisms that increase or decrease change. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1139/X08-104 |
| format | Article |
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Evidence from research on northeastern North American forests shows that direct effects of climate change will evoke changes in biogeochemical cycling by altering plant physiology, forest productivity, and soil physical, chemical, and biological processes. Indirect effects, largely mediated by changes in species composition, length of growing season, and hydrology, will also be important. The case study presented here uses the quantitative biogeochemical model PnET-BGC to test assumptions about the direct and indirect effects of climate change on a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Modeling results indicate an overall increase in net primary production due to a longer growing season, an increase in NO3- leaching due to large increases in net mineralization and nitrification, and slight declines in mineral weathering due to a reduction in soil moisture. Future research should focus on uncertainties, including the effects of (1) multiple simultaneous interactions of stressors (e.g., climate change, ozone, acidic deposition); (2) long-term atmospheric CO2 enrichment on vegetation; (3) changes in forest species composition; (4) extreme climatic events and other disturbances (e.g., ice storms, fire, invasive species); and (5) feedback mechanisms that increase or decrease change.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0045-5067</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1208-6037</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1139/X08-104</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CJFRAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ottawa: Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press</publisher><subject>Acid deposition ; Atlantic provinces ; atmospheric deposition ; Biogeochemical cycles ; Biogeochemistry ; biological activity in soil ; Climate change ; Climate effects ; climate models ; climatic factors ; Ecosystems ; Environmental impact ; Forest ecosystems ; Forest productivity ; Forests ; global warming ; greenhouse gases ; Growing season ; hardwood forests ; Hydrology ; Invasive species ; Leaching ; literature reviews ; Mineralization ; mycorrhizal fungi ; Nitrification ; nitrogen ; Plant physiology ; PnET-BGC model ; prediction ; Primary production ; primary productivity ; quantitative analysis ; root systems ; soil ; Soil moisture ; soil-atmosphere interactions ; Species composition ; species diversity ; vegetation cover ; vegetation structure</subject><ispartof>Canadian journal of forest research, 2009-02, Vol.39 (2), p.264-284</ispartof><rights>Copyright National Research Council of Canada Feb 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27907,27908</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Campbell, John L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rustad, Lindsey E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boyer, Elizabeth W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christopher, Sheila F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Driscoll, Charles T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez, Ivan J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Groffman, Peter M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Houle, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kiekbusch, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Magill, Alison H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitchell, Myron J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ollinger, Scott V</creatorcontrib><title>Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America</title><title>Canadian journal of forest research</title><description>A critical component of assessing the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems involves understanding associated changes in the biogeochemical cycling of elements. Evidence from research on northeastern North American forests shows that direct effects of climate change will evoke changes in biogeochemical cycling by altering plant physiology, forest productivity, and soil physical, chemical, and biological processes. Indirect effects, largely mediated by changes in species composition, length of growing season, and hydrology, will also be important. The case study presented here uses the quantitative biogeochemical model PnET-BGC to test assumptions about the direct and indirect effects of climate change on a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Modeling results indicate an overall increase in net primary production due to a longer growing season, an increase in NO3- leaching due to large increases in net mineralization and nitrification, and slight declines in mineral weathering due to a reduction in soil moisture. Future research should focus on uncertainties, including the effects of (1) multiple simultaneous interactions of stressors (e.g., climate change, ozone, acidic deposition); (2) long-term atmospheric CO2 enrichment on vegetation; (3) changes in forest species composition; (4) extreme climatic events and other disturbances (e.g., ice storms, fire, invasive species); and (5) feedback mechanisms that increase or decrease change.</description><subject>Acid deposition</subject><subject>Atlantic provinces</subject><subject>atmospheric deposition</subject><subject>Biogeochemical cycles</subject><subject>Biogeochemistry</subject><subject>biological activity in soil</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Climate effects</subject><subject>climate models</subject><subject>climatic factors</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Forest ecosystems</subject><subject>Forest productivity</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>global warming</subject><subject>greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Growing season</subject><subject>hardwood forests</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Invasive species</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>literature reviews</subject><subject>Mineralization</subject><subject>mycorrhizal fungi</subject><subject>Nitrification</subject><subject>nitrogen</subject><subject>Plant physiology</subject><subject>PnET-BGC model</subject><subject>prediction</subject><subject>Primary production</subject><subject>primary productivity</subject><subject>quantitative analysis</subject><subject>root systems</subject><subject>soil</subject><subject>Soil moisture</subject><subject>soil-atmosphere interactions</subject><subject>Species composition</subject><subject>species diversity</subject><subject>vegetation cover</subject><subject>vegetation structure</subject><issn>0045-5067</issn><issn>1208-6037</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFjz1PwzAQhi0EEqUgfgIWA1vgbMcfGauKAlIFA1Riixz3nKZKbIjTgX9PSplYmO5O97yP9BJyyeCWMVHcvYPJGORHZML4uCoQ-phMAHKZSVD6lJyltAUAoQRMSDWPIeHnDoPDRKOnrm06OyB1GxtqpD72tGpijdFtsGucban7GplQ0ybsv5iGn1yI_bBBmwbsA33eH3TWYT8mzsmJt23Ci985JavF_dv8MVu-PDzNZ8vMc2WGTKKUlVAm98IZz52UCrFAXrk1q9YVKimYYrg2GquCe2HB5YBeSw9GCSHFlNwcvB99HAuloeya5LBtbcC4SyVnEoxW5l-Q5cC00nvj9R9wG3d9GEuUXIAcfZKP0NUB8jaWtu6bVK5eOTABTAEURotvRhl6HA</recordid><startdate>20090201</startdate><enddate>20090201</enddate><creator>Campbell, John L</creator><creator>Rustad, Lindsey E</creator><creator>Boyer, Elizabeth W</creator><creator>Christopher, Sheila F</creator><creator>Driscoll, Charles T</creator><creator>Fernandez, Ivan J</creator><creator>Groffman, Peter M</creator><creator>Houle, Daniel</creator><creator>Kiekbusch, Jana</creator><creator>Magill, Alison H</creator><creator>Mitchell, Myron J</creator><creator>Ollinger, Scott V</creator><general>Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090201</creationdate><title>Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America</title><author>Campbell, John L ; 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Evidence from research on northeastern North American forests shows that direct effects of climate change will evoke changes in biogeochemical cycling by altering plant physiology, forest productivity, and soil physical, chemical, and biological processes. Indirect effects, largely mediated by changes in species composition, length of growing season, and hydrology, will also be important. The case study presented here uses the quantitative biogeochemical model PnET-BGC to test assumptions about the direct and indirect effects of climate change on a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Modeling results indicate an overall increase in net primary production due to a longer growing season, an increase in NO3- leaching due to large increases in net mineralization and nitrification, and slight declines in mineral weathering due to a reduction in soil moisture. Future research should focus on uncertainties, including the effects of (1) multiple simultaneous interactions of stressors (e.g., climate change, ozone, acidic deposition); (2) long-term atmospheric CO2 enrichment on vegetation; (3) changes in forest species composition; (4) extreme climatic events and other disturbances (e.g., ice storms, fire, invasive species); and (5) feedback mechanisms that increase or decrease change.</abstract><cop>Ottawa</cop><pub>Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press</pub><doi>10.1139/X08-104</doi><tpages>21</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acid deposition Atlantic provinces atmospheric deposition Biogeochemical cycles Biogeochemistry biological activity in soil Climate change Climate effects climate models climatic factors Ecosystems Environmental impact Forest ecosystems Forest productivity Forests global warming greenhouse gases Growing season hardwood forests Hydrology Invasive species Leaching literature reviews Mineralization mycorrhizal fungi Nitrification nitrogen Plant physiology PnET-BGC model prediction Primary production primary productivity quantitative analysis root systems soil Soil moisture soil-atmosphere interactions Species composition species diversity vegetation cover vegetation structure |
| title | Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America |
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