Chronic Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation
Background: Cohort studies suggest that long-term exposure to higher levels of outdoor air pollution increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease. One suggested mechanism is that air pollution, especially particulate matter, induces systemic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of develo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) Mass.), 2009-03, Vol.20 (2), p.245-253 |
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| creator | Forbes, Lindsay J. L. Patel, Minal D. Rudnicka, Alicja R. Cook, Derek G. Bush, Tony Stedman, John R. Whincup, Peter H. Strachan, David P. Anderson, Ross H. |
| description | Background: Cohort studies suggest that long-term exposure to higher levels of outdoor air pollution increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease. One suggested mechanism is that air pollution, especially particulate matter, induces systemic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of developing long-term pathologic changes in the cardiovascular system, We aimed to examine the association between long-term exposure to higher levels of air pollution and chronic systemic inflammation. Methods: We examined the relationship between 2 markers of systemic inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein) and measures of outdoor air pollution estimated for each postcode sector of residence, using models incorporating information on pollutant emissions from multiple sources, and atmospheric dispersion and processing, in 3 representative cross-sectional studies of the English population in 1994, 1998, and 2003. These included about 25,000 adults with fibrinogen measurements and 17,000 adults with C-reactive protein measurements. We used multilevel linear regression modeling and pooled the results from the 3 surveys using metaanalysis. Results: We found no associations between concentrations of fibrinogen or C-reactive protein and measures of outdoor air pollution (particulate matter |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318190ea3f |
| format | Article |
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L. ; Patel, Minal D. ; Rudnicka, Alicja R. ; Cook, Derek G. ; Bush, Tony ; Stedman, John R. ; Whincup, Peter H. ; Strachan, David P. ; Anderson, Ross H.</creator><creatorcontrib>Forbes, Lindsay J. L. ; Patel, Minal D. ; Rudnicka, Alicja R. ; Cook, Derek G. ; Bush, Tony ; Stedman, John R. ; Whincup, Peter H. ; Strachan, David P. ; Anderson, Ross H.</creatorcontrib><description>Background: Cohort studies suggest that long-term exposure to higher levels of outdoor air pollution increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease. One suggested mechanism is that air pollution, especially particulate matter, induces systemic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of developing long-term pathologic changes in the cardiovascular system, We aimed to examine the association between long-term exposure to higher levels of air pollution and chronic systemic inflammation. Methods: We examined the relationship between 2 markers of systemic inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein) and measures of outdoor air pollution estimated for each postcode sector of residence, using models incorporating information on pollutant emissions from multiple sources, and atmospheric dispersion and processing, in 3 representative cross-sectional studies of the English population in 1994, 1998, and 2003. These included about 25,000 adults with fibrinogen measurements and 17,000 adults with C-reactive protein measurements. We used multilevel linear regression modeling and pooled the results from the 3 surveys using metaanalysis. Results: We found no associations between concentrations of fibrinogen or C-reactive protein and measures of outdoor air pollution (particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone). Specifically, we found, for each 1-μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ concentration, a change in fibrinogen concentrations of -0.08% (95% confidence interval = 0.25-0.10) and in C-reactive protein concentrations of 0.14% (95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.30). Conclusions: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that the association between outdoor air pollution exposure and later cardiovascular disease is mediated by chronic systemic inflammation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1044-3983</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1531-5487</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318190ea3f</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19234416</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Air pollutants ; Air pollution ; Air Pollution - adverse effects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers - analysis ; Blood ; Body mass index ; C-Reactive Protein - analysis ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; England ; Environment. Living conditions ; Environmental Exposure ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Fibrinogen - analysis ; General aspects ; Health surveys ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammation - diagnosis ; Inflammation - physiopathology ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Miscellaneous ; Particulate matter ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Questionnaires ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2009-03, Vol.20 (2), p.245-253</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.</rights><rights>2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5457-d721d4b487d3fad8b09197ac397e596bc62685dfb650958089296a1ae7ab8b7b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5457-d721d4b487d3fad8b09197ac397e596bc62685dfb650958089296a1ae7ab8b7b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/20485697$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/20485697$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,800,27905,27906,57998,58231</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=21193545$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19234416$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Forbes, Lindsay J. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Minal D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudnicka, Alicja R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cook, Derek G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Tony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stedman, John R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whincup, Peter H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strachan, David P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Ross H.</creatorcontrib><title>Chronic Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation</title><title>Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)</title><addtitle>Epidemiology</addtitle><description>Background: Cohort studies suggest that long-term exposure to higher levels of outdoor air pollution increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease. One suggested mechanism is that air pollution, especially particulate matter, induces systemic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of developing long-term pathologic changes in the cardiovascular system, We aimed to examine the association between long-term exposure to higher levels of air pollution and chronic systemic inflammation. Methods: We examined the relationship between 2 markers of systemic inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein) and measures of outdoor air pollution estimated for each postcode sector of residence, using models incorporating information on pollutant emissions from multiple sources, and atmospheric dispersion and processing, in 3 representative cross-sectional studies of the English population in 1994, 1998, and 2003. These included about 25,000 adults with fibrinogen measurements and 17,000 adults with C-reactive protein measurements. We used multilevel linear regression modeling and pooled the results from the 3 surveys using metaanalysis. Results: We found no associations between concentrations of fibrinogen or C-reactive protein and measures of outdoor air pollution (particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone). Specifically, we found, for each 1-μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ concentration, a change in fibrinogen concentrations of -0.08% (95% confidence interval = 0.25-0.10) and in C-reactive protein concentrations of 0.14% (95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.30). Conclusions: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that the association between outdoor air pollution exposure and later cardiovascular disease is mediated by chronic systemic inflammation.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Air pollutants</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Air Pollution - adverse effects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers - analysis</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>England</subject><subject>Environment. Living conditions</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fibrinogen - analysis</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Health surveys</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammation - diagnosis</subject><subject>Inflammation - physiopathology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1044-3983</issn><issn>1531-5487</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUFvFCEYhonR2Hb1H6jhorep3zfAAMdmu9Ym1ZqoZwIzTHZaZlhhJrX_Xupu3EQuQPK8L_BAyBuEcwQtP24uN-fgAJlnqFCDt6x_Rk5RMKwEV_J5WQPnFdOKnZCznO8AUDIUL8kJ6ppxjs0p-brepjgNLd383sW8JE_nSG-XuYsx0Ysh0W8xhGUe4kTt1NEvNt37lGns6ffHPPuxJK-nPthxtE_QK_KityH714d5RX5-2vxYf65ubq-u1xc3VSu4kFUna-y4K7fsWG875UCjlrZlWnqhG9c2daNE17tGgBYKlK51Y9F6aZ1y0rEV-bDv3aX4a_F5NuOQWx-CnXxcsqmRodasLiDfg22KOSffm10aRpseDYJ58miKR_O_xxJ7d-hf3Oi7Y-ggrgDvD4DNrQ19slM75H9cjahZeerx_IcY5mLuPiwPPpmtt2HeGigDG66qGkADK7sK_v7Sirzdx-7yHNOxFrgSjZbsD5vdlSE</recordid><startdate>200903</startdate><enddate>200903</enddate><creator>Forbes, Lindsay J. L.</creator><creator>Patel, Minal D.</creator><creator>Rudnicka, Alicja R.</creator><creator>Cook, Derek G.</creator><creator>Bush, Tony</creator><creator>Stedman, John R.</creator><creator>Whincup, Peter H.</creator><creator>Strachan, David P.</creator><creator>Anderson, Ross H.</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200903</creationdate><title>Chronic Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation</title><author>Forbes, Lindsay J. L. ; Patel, Minal D. ; Rudnicka, Alicja R. ; Cook, Derek G. ; Bush, Tony ; Stedman, John R. ; Whincup, Peter H. ; Strachan, David P. ; Anderson, Ross H.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5457-d721d4b487d3fad8b09197ac397e596bc62685dfb650958089296a1ae7ab8b7b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Air pollutants</topic><topic>Air pollution</topic><topic>Air Pollution - adverse effects</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers - analysis</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>C-Reactive Protein - analysis</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>England</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fibrinogen - analysis</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Health surveys</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammation</topic><topic>Inflammation - diagnosis</topic><topic>Inflammation - physiopathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Particulate matter</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Forbes, Lindsay J. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Minal D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rudnicka, Alicja R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cook, Derek G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bush, Tony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stedman, John R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whincup, Peter H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strachan, David P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Ross H.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Forbes, Lindsay J. L.</au><au>Patel, Minal D.</au><au>Rudnicka, Alicja R.</au><au>Cook, Derek G.</au><au>Bush, Tony</au><au>Stedman, John R.</au><au>Whincup, Peter H.</au><au>Strachan, David P.</au><au>Anderson, Ross H.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chronic Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation</atitle><jtitle>Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)</jtitle><addtitle>Epidemiology</addtitle><date>2009-03</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>245</spage><epage>253</epage><pages>245-253</pages><issn>1044-3983</issn><eissn>1531-5487</eissn><abstract>Background: Cohort studies suggest that long-term exposure to higher levels of outdoor air pollution increases risk of developing cardiovascular disease. One suggested mechanism is that air pollution, especially particulate matter, induces systemic inflammation, thereby increasing the risk of developing long-term pathologic changes in the cardiovascular system, We aimed to examine the association between long-term exposure to higher levels of air pollution and chronic systemic inflammation. Methods: We examined the relationship between 2 markers of systemic inflammation (fibrinogen and C-reactive protein) and measures of outdoor air pollution estimated for each postcode sector of residence, using models incorporating information on pollutant emissions from multiple sources, and atmospheric dispersion and processing, in 3 representative cross-sectional studies of the English population in 1994, 1998, and 2003. These included about 25,000 adults with fibrinogen measurements and 17,000 adults with C-reactive protein measurements. We used multilevel linear regression modeling and pooled the results from the 3 surveys using metaanalysis. Results: We found no associations between concentrations of fibrinogen or C-reactive protein and measures of outdoor air pollution (particulate matter <10 μm in diameter (PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone). Specifically, we found, for each 1-μg/m³ increase in PM₁₀ concentration, a change in fibrinogen concentrations of -0.08% (95% confidence interval = 0.25-0.10) and in C-reactive protein concentrations of 0.14% (95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.30). Conclusions: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that the association between outdoor air pollution exposure and later cardiovascular disease is mediated by chronic systemic inflammation.</abstract><cop>Philadelphia, PA</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</pub><pmid>19234416</pmid><doi>10.1097/EDE.0b013e318190ea3f</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Air pollutants Air pollution Air Pollution - adverse effects Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers - analysis Blood Body mass index C-Reactive Protein - analysis Cardiovascular diseases Cohort Studies Cross-Sectional Studies England Environment. Living conditions Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Female Fibrinogen - analysis General aspects Health surveys Humans Inflammation Inflammation - diagnosis Inflammation - physiopathology Male Medical sciences Miscellaneous Particulate matter Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Questionnaires Surveys and Questionnaires Young Adult |
| title | Chronic Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation |
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