Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions: The case of wood production in the forest
Background, aims and scope This paper is based on the results of a project sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and carried out by the Wood Technology Institute in Poznan, Poland. The main purpose of the project was to assess the environmental impact generated during the entire...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | The international journal of life cycle assessment 2008-06, Vol.13 (4), p.319-327 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 327 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 4 |
| container_start_page | 319 |
| container_title | The international journal of life cycle assessment |
| container_volume | 13 |
| creator | Lewandowska, Anna Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia Noskowiak, Andrzej Foltynowicz, Zenon |
| description | Background, aims and scope
This paper is based on the results of a project sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and carried out by the Wood Technology Institute in Poznan, Poland. The main purpose of the project was to assess the environmental impact generated during the entire life cycles of chosen wood products. Most of the data came from the Polish wood industry, but some of it was taken from the ecoinvent database, particularly data relating to forest processes. The data were not used as presented in the database but were properly adapted. The aim of the paper is to show how the ecoinvent’s initial assumptions have been changed and how the data were adapted. The influence of the adaptation on the characterization results is presented as well.
Materials and methods
The adaptation was performed in several steps: obtaining information about the principal assumptions of the ecoinvent database, gathering data appropriate to Polish conditions, changing the principal assumptions to include the Polish situation, calculating the new allocation and correction factors, forming the new inventory tables for round, industrial, and residual wood (softwood and hardwood), and calculating the characterization results to check the influence of the data adaptation on the life cycle assessment (LCA) final results. The following methods have been used: the economic allocation with the allocation correction to include mass, energy, and carbon dioxide uptake from nature and Ecoindicator99 method to assess the environmental impact.
Results
The study shows that differences exist between ecoinvent and Polish data for the wood production. Some of the differences are important and significantly impact the final results. The data differ in relation to many factors, for example: tree species, yield of forest, time from planting trees to final harvesting, length and width of forest roads or total area, and land use. The differences in the initial assumptions and further in the allocation factors result in changes of the inventory points and the characterization results. The relevant differences for round hardwood and residual hardwood are not observed. It is not, however, the case of the industrial hardwood where the visible difference exist. The results for all sorts of softwood are completely different and any similarities cannot be observed.
Discussion
At present, the total area of forest land in Poland is 9.0 million ha. This is equivalent to 28.8% of the cou |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_21298148</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>21298148</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-44daffb39f1c72c0ef13a4416c2e8e0c9a24a7f367ce146f70c151a0061e14533</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kE9LAzEQxYMoWKsfwNviwVt0Jsn-O5aiVSjoQc8hzSa6ZZvUJBX89mZZQRA8DMPA7715PEIuEW4QoL6NiLyqKUCTB4HyIzLDCgWtS2DHZAataCjnoj0lZzFuARhCW85IuejUPqnUe1d4Wxjte_dpXCo6ldRGRVMkXzz7oY_vhfau60cynpMTq4ZoLn72nLze370sH-j6afW4XKypZm2TqBCdsnbDW4u6ZhqMRa6EwEoz0xjQrWJC1TYH1wZFZWvQWKICqDDfJedzcj357oP_OJiY5K6P2gyDcsYfomSY_6BoMnj1B9z6Q3A528igyJjIEE6QDj7GYKzch36nwpdEkGOLcmpR5hbl2KIcE7BJEzPr3kz4Nf5f9A3_RnM9</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>212142984</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions: The case of wood production in the forest</title><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><creator>Lewandowska, Anna ; Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia ; Noskowiak, Andrzej ; Foltynowicz, Zenon</creator><creatorcontrib>Lewandowska, Anna ; Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia ; Noskowiak, Andrzej ; Foltynowicz, Zenon</creatorcontrib><description>Background, aims and scope
This paper is based on the results of a project sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and carried out by the Wood Technology Institute in Poznan, Poland. The main purpose of the project was to assess the environmental impact generated during the entire life cycles of chosen wood products. Most of the data came from the Polish wood industry, but some of it was taken from the ecoinvent database, particularly data relating to forest processes. The data were not used as presented in the database but were properly adapted. The aim of the paper is to show how the ecoinvent’s initial assumptions have been changed and how the data were adapted. The influence of the adaptation on the characterization results is presented as well.
Materials and methods
The adaptation was performed in several steps: obtaining information about the principal assumptions of the ecoinvent database, gathering data appropriate to Polish conditions, changing the principal assumptions to include the Polish situation, calculating the new allocation and correction factors, forming the new inventory tables for round, industrial, and residual wood (softwood and hardwood), and calculating the characterization results to check the influence of the data adaptation on the life cycle assessment (LCA) final results. The following methods have been used: the economic allocation with the allocation correction to include mass, energy, and carbon dioxide uptake from nature and Ecoindicator99 method to assess the environmental impact.
Results
The study shows that differences exist between ecoinvent and Polish data for the wood production. Some of the differences are important and significantly impact the final results. The data differ in relation to many factors, for example: tree species, yield of forest, time from planting trees to final harvesting, length and width of forest roads or total area, and land use. The differences in the initial assumptions and further in the allocation factors result in changes of the inventory points and the characterization results. The relevant differences for round hardwood and residual hardwood are not observed. It is not, however, the case of the industrial hardwood where the visible difference exist. The results for all sorts of softwood are completely different and any similarities cannot be observed.
Discussion
At present, the total area of forest land in Poland is 9.0 million ha. This is equivalent to 28.8% of the country’s area. This means that the forest processes are important for the country. The study could be a part of a more general discussion about the suitability of data recognized by the database’s generators as representative for larger areas (Europe, Asia, the world).
Conclusions
The following conclusions could be formulated based on the results of the project: differences between countries always exist, and they can be a source of uncertainty, particularly if unspecific data are used. On the other hand, it is impossible to collect specific data for all inventory items included in the product system which is why LCA databases are needed. The following questions should be asked: how important is the discrepancy? What is its influence on the final results? Is it acceptable? There are some activities like electricity production where differences between countries can be crucial for the LCA final results.
Recommendations and perspectives
Two main recommendations could be formulated: the data taken from LCA databases should always be critically analyzed and reviewed to check if they are suitable for our case study, and, if possible, the adaptation to local or national conditions should be made.
In Poland, the interest in LCA continues to grow; however, it is not easy for LCA practitioners to conduct LCAs because of companies’ skepticism and their reluctance to provide data. LCA databases are important sources of information. A review of the most popular LCA databases could be a good line of further improvement to make LCA studies more relevant and reliable.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0948-3349</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7502</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Adaptation ; Carbon dioxide ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Education ; Electric power generation ; Environment ; Environmental assessment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Economics ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology ; Environmental impact ; Forests ; Hardwoods ; Land use ; Life cycle analysis ; Life cycles ; Plant species ; Softwoods ; Studies ; Tree planting ; Wood ; Wood and Other Renewable Resources • Case Study ; Wood products</subject><ispartof>The international journal of life cycle assessment, 2008-06, Vol.13 (4), p.319-327</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag 2008</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-44daffb39f1c72c0ef13a4416c2e8e0c9a24a7f367ce146f70c151a0061e14533</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27907,27908,41471,42540,51302</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lewandowska, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noskowiak, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foltynowicz, Zenon</creatorcontrib><title>Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions: The case of wood production in the forest</title><title>The international journal of life cycle assessment</title><addtitle>Int J Life Cycle Assess</addtitle><description>Background, aims and scope
This paper is based on the results of a project sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and carried out by the Wood Technology Institute in Poznan, Poland. The main purpose of the project was to assess the environmental impact generated during the entire life cycles of chosen wood products. Most of the data came from the Polish wood industry, but some of it was taken from the ecoinvent database, particularly data relating to forest processes. The data were not used as presented in the database but were properly adapted. The aim of the paper is to show how the ecoinvent’s initial assumptions have been changed and how the data were adapted. The influence of the adaptation on the characterization results is presented as well.
Materials and methods
The adaptation was performed in several steps: obtaining information about the principal assumptions of the ecoinvent database, gathering data appropriate to Polish conditions, changing the principal assumptions to include the Polish situation, calculating the new allocation and correction factors, forming the new inventory tables for round, industrial, and residual wood (softwood and hardwood), and calculating the characterization results to check the influence of the data adaptation on the life cycle assessment (LCA) final results. The following methods have been used: the economic allocation with the allocation correction to include mass, energy, and carbon dioxide uptake from nature and Ecoindicator99 method to assess the environmental impact.
Results
The study shows that differences exist between ecoinvent and Polish data for the wood production. Some of the differences are important and significantly impact the final results. The data differ in relation to many factors, for example: tree species, yield of forest, time from planting trees to final harvesting, length and width of forest roads or total area, and land use. The differences in the initial assumptions and further in the allocation factors result in changes of the inventory points and the characterization results. The relevant differences for round hardwood and residual hardwood are not observed. It is not, however, the case of the industrial hardwood where the visible difference exist. The results for all sorts of softwood are completely different and any similarities cannot be observed.
Discussion
At present, the total area of forest land in Poland is 9.0 million ha. This is equivalent to 28.8% of the country’s area. This means that the forest processes are important for the country. The study could be a part of a more general discussion about the suitability of data recognized by the database’s generators as representative for larger areas (Europe, Asia, the world).
Conclusions
The following conclusions could be formulated based on the results of the project: differences between countries always exist, and they can be a source of uncertainty, particularly if unspecific data are used. On the other hand, it is impossible to collect specific data for all inventory items included in the product system which is why LCA databases are needed. The following questions should be asked: how important is the discrepancy? What is its influence on the final results? Is it acceptable? There are some activities like electricity production where differences between countries can be crucial for the LCA final results.
Recommendations and perspectives
Two main recommendations could be formulated: the data taken from LCA databases should always be critically analyzed and reviewed to check if they are suitable for our case study, and, if possible, the adaptation to local or national conditions should be made.
In Poland, the interest in LCA continues to grow; however, it is not easy for LCA practitioners to conduct LCAs because of companies’ skepticism and their reluctance to provide data. LCA databases are important sources of information. A review of the most popular LCA databases could be a good line of further improvement to make LCA studies more relevant and reliable.</description><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Electric power generation</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental assessment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Economics</subject><subject>Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>Hardwoods</subject><subject>Land use</subject><subject>Life cycle analysis</subject><subject>Life cycles</subject><subject>Plant species</subject><subject>Softwoods</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Tree planting</subject><subject>Wood</subject><subject>Wood and Other Renewable Resources • Case Study</subject><subject>Wood products</subject><issn>0948-3349</issn><issn>1614-7502</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9LAzEQxYMoWKsfwNviwVt0Jsn-O5aiVSjoQc8hzSa6ZZvUJBX89mZZQRA8DMPA7715PEIuEW4QoL6NiLyqKUCTB4HyIzLDCgWtS2DHZAataCjnoj0lZzFuARhCW85IuejUPqnUe1d4Wxjte_dpXCo6ldRGRVMkXzz7oY_vhfau60cynpMTq4ZoLn72nLze370sH-j6afW4XKypZm2TqBCdsnbDW4u6ZhqMRa6EwEoz0xjQrWJC1TYH1wZFZWvQWKICqDDfJedzcj357oP_OJiY5K6P2gyDcsYfomSY_6BoMnj1B9z6Q3A528igyJjIEE6QDj7GYKzch36nwpdEkGOLcmpR5hbl2KIcE7BJEzPr3kz4Nf5f9A3_RnM9</recordid><startdate>20080601</startdate><enddate>20080601</enddate><creator>Lewandowska, Anna</creator><creator>Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia</creator><creator>Noskowiak, Andrzej</creator><creator>Foltynowicz, Zenon</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20080601</creationdate><title>Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions</title><author>Lewandowska, Anna ; Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia ; Noskowiak, Andrzej ; Foltynowicz, Zenon</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c298t-44daffb39f1c72c0ef13a4416c2e8e0c9a24a7f367ce146f70c151a0061e14533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Electric power generation</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental assessment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Economics</topic><topic>Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Forests</topic><topic>Hardwoods</topic><topic>Land use</topic><topic>Life cycle analysis</topic><topic>Life cycles</topic><topic>Plant species</topic><topic>Softwoods</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Tree planting</topic><topic>Wood</topic><topic>Wood and Other Renewable Resources • Case Study</topic><topic>Wood products</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lewandowska, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Noskowiak, Andrzej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foltynowicz, Zenon</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Science Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The international journal of life cycle assessment</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lewandowska, Anna</au><au>Wawrzynkiewicz, Zofia</au><au>Noskowiak, Andrzej</au><au>Foltynowicz, Zenon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions: The case of wood production in the forest</atitle><jtitle>The international journal of life cycle assessment</jtitle><stitle>Int J Life Cycle Assess</stitle><date>2008-06-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>319</spage><epage>327</epage><pages>319-327</pages><issn>0948-3349</issn><eissn>1614-7502</eissn><abstract>Background, aims and scope
This paper is based on the results of a project sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and carried out by the Wood Technology Institute in Poznan, Poland. The main purpose of the project was to assess the environmental impact generated during the entire life cycles of chosen wood products. Most of the data came from the Polish wood industry, but some of it was taken from the ecoinvent database, particularly data relating to forest processes. The data were not used as presented in the database but were properly adapted. The aim of the paper is to show how the ecoinvent’s initial assumptions have been changed and how the data were adapted. The influence of the adaptation on the characterization results is presented as well.
Materials and methods
The adaptation was performed in several steps: obtaining information about the principal assumptions of the ecoinvent database, gathering data appropriate to Polish conditions, changing the principal assumptions to include the Polish situation, calculating the new allocation and correction factors, forming the new inventory tables for round, industrial, and residual wood (softwood and hardwood), and calculating the characterization results to check the influence of the data adaptation on the life cycle assessment (LCA) final results. The following methods have been used: the economic allocation with the allocation correction to include mass, energy, and carbon dioxide uptake from nature and Ecoindicator99 method to assess the environmental impact.
Results
The study shows that differences exist between ecoinvent and Polish data for the wood production. Some of the differences are important and significantly impact the final results. The data differ in relation to many factors, for example: tree species, yield of forest, time from planting trees to final harvesting, length and width of forest roads or total area, and land use. The differences in the initial assumptions and further in the allocation factors result in changes of the inventory points and the characterization results. The relevant differences for round hardwood and residual hardwood are not observed. It is not, however, the case of the industrial hardwood where the visible difference exist. The results for all sorts of softwood are completely different and any similarities cannot be observed.
Discussion
At present, the total area of forest land in Poland is 9.0 million ha. This is equivalent to 28.8% of the country’s area. This means that the forest processes are important for the country. The study could be a part of a more general discussion about the suitability of data recognized by the database’s generators as representative for larger areas (Europe, Asia, the world).
Conclusions
The following conclusions could be formulated based on the results of the project: differences between countries always exist, and they can be a source of uncertainty, particularly if unspecific data are used. On the other hand, it is impossible to collect specific data for all inventory items included in the product system which is why LCA databases are needed. The following questions should be asked: how important is the discrepancy? What is its influence on the final results? Is it acceptable? There are some activities like electricity production where differences between countries can be crucial for the LCA final results.
Recommendations and perspectives
Two main recommendations could be formulated: the data taken from LCA databases should always be critically analyzed and reviewed to check if they are suitable for our case study, and, if possible, the adaptation to local or national conditions should be made.
In Poland, the interest in LCA continues to grow; however, it is not easy for LCA practitioners to conduct LCAs because of companies’ skepticism and their reluctance to provide data. LCA databases are important sources of information. A review of the most popular LCA databases could be a good line of further improvement to make LCA studies more relevant and reliable.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><doi>10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0948-3349 |
| ispartof | The international journal of life cycle assessment, 2008-06, Vol.13 (4), p.319-327 |
| issn | 0948-3349 1614-7502 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_21298148 |
| source | Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Adaptation Carbon dioxide Earth and Environmental Science Education Electric power generation Environment Environmental assessment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Economics Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Environmental impact Forests Hardwoods Land use Life cycle analysis Life cycles Plant species Softwoods Studies Tree planting Wood Wood and Other Renewable Resources • Case Study Wood products |
| title | Adaptation of ecoinvent database to Polish conditions: The case of wood production in the forest |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-16T16%3A04%3A20IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Adaptation%20of%20ecoinvent%20database%20to%20Polish%20conditions:%20The%20case%20of%20wood%20production%20in%20the%20forest&rft.jtitle=The%20international%20journal%20of%20life%20cycle%20assessment&rft.au=Lewandowska,%20Anna&rft.date=2008-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=319&rft.epage=327&rft.pages=319-327&rft.issn=0948-3349&rft.eissn=1614-7502&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11367-008-0010-3&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E21298148%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=212142984&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |