Neural adaptations after 4 years vs 12 weeks of resistance training vs untrained
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of resistance training (RT) duration, including years of exposure, on agonist and antagonist neuromuscular activation throughout the knee extension voluntary torque range. Fifty‐seven healthy men (untrained [UNT] n = 29, short‐term RT [12WK] n = 14...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 2019-03, Vol.29 (3), p.348-359 |
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| container_title | Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports |
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| creator | Balshaw, Thomas G. Massey, Garry J. Maden‐Wilkinson, Thomas M. Lanza, Marcel B. Folland, Jonathan P. |
| description | The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of resistance training (RT) duration, including years of exposure, on agonist and antagonist neuromuscular activation throughout the knee extension voluntary torque range. Fifty‐seven healthy men (untrained [UNT] n = 29, short‐term RT [12WK] n = 14, and long‐term RT [4YR] n = 14) performed maximum and sub‐maximum (20%‐80% maximum voluntary torque [MVT]) unilateral isometric knee extension contractions with torque, agonist and antagonist surface EMG recorded. Agonist EMG, including at MVT, was corrected for the confounding effects of adiposity (ie, muscle‐electrode distance; measured with ultrasonography). Quadriceps maximum anatomical cross‐sectional area (QACSAMAX; via MRI) was also assessed. MVT was distinct for all three groups (4YR +60/+39% vs UNT/12WK; 12WK +15% vs UNT; 0.001 |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/sms.13331 |
| format | Article |
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Fifty‐seven healthy men (untrained [UNT] n = 29, short‐term RT [12WK] n = 14, and long‐term RT [4YR] n = 14) performed maximum and sub‐maximum (20%‐80% maximum voluntary torque [MVT]) unilateral isometric knee extension contractions with torque, agonist and antagonist surface EMG recorded. Agonist EMG, including at MVT, was corrected for the confounding effects of adiposity (ie, muscle‐electrode distance; measured with ultrasonography). Quadriceps maximum anatomical cross‐sectional area (QACSAMAX; via MRI) was also assessed. MVT was distinct for all three groups (4YR +60/+39% vs UNT/12WK; 12WK +15% vs UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.021), and QACSAMAX was greater for 4YR (+50/+42% vs UNT/12WK; [both] P < 0.001). Agonist EMG at MVT was +44/+33% greater for 4YR /12WK ([both] P < 0.001) vs. UNT, but did not differ between RT groups. The torque‐agonist EMG relationship of 4YR displayed a right/down shift with lower agonist EMG at the highest common torque (196 Nm) compared to 12WK and UNT (0.005 ≤ P ≤ 0.013; Effect size [ES] 0.90 ≤ ES ≤ 1.28). The torque‐antagonist EMG relationship displayed a lower slope with increasing RT duration (4YR < 12WK < UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.094; 0.56 ≤ ES ≤ 1.31), and antagonist EMG at the highest common torque was also lower for 4YR than UNT (−69%; P < 0.001; ES = 1.18). In conclusion, 4YR and 12WK had similar agonist activation at MVT and this adaptation may be maximized during early months of RT. In contrast, inter‐muscular coordination, specifically antagonist coactivation was progressively lower, and likely continues to adapt, with prolonged RT.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0905-7188</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1600-0838</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/sms.13331</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30387185</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Denmark: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>agonist muscle ; antagonist muscle ; Knee ; maximum strength ; Strength training ; surface electromyography</subject><ispartof>Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 2019-03, Vol.29 (3), p.348-359</ispartof><rights>2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S. 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Fifty‐seven healthy men (untrained [UNT] n = 29, short‐term RT [12WK] n = 14, and long‐term RT [4YR] n = 14) performed maximum and sub‐maximum (20%‐80% maximum voluntary torque [MVT]) unilateral isometric knee extension contractions with torque, agonist and antagonist surface EMG recorded. Agonist EMG, including at MVT, was corrected for the confounding effects of adiposity (ie, muscle‐electrode distance; measured with ultrasonography). Quadriceps maximum anatomical cross‐sectional area (QACSAMAX; via MRI) was also assessed. MVT was distinct for all three groups (4YR +60/+39% vs UNT/12WK; 12WK +15% vs UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.021), and QACSAMAX was greater for 4YR (+50/+42% vs UNT/12WK; [both] P < 0.001). Agonist EMG at MVT was +44/+33% greater for 4YR /12WK ([both] P < 0.001) vs. UNT, but did not differ between RT groups. The torque‐agonist EMG relationship of 4YR displayed a right/down shift with lower agonist EMG at the highest common torque (196 Nm) compared to 12WK and UNT (0.005 ≤ P ≤ 0.013; Effect size [ES] 0.90 ≤ ES ≤ 1.28). The torque‐antagonist EMG relationship displayed a lower slope with increasing RT duration (4YR < 12WK < UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.094; 0.56 ≤ ES ≤ 1.31), and antagonist EMG at the highest common torque was also lower for 4YR than UNT (−69%; P < 0.001; ES = 1.18). In conclusion, 4YR and 12WK had similar agonist activation at MVT and this adaptation may be maximized during early months of RT. In contrast, inter‐muscular coordination, specifically antagonist coactivation was progressively lower, and likely continues to adapt, with prolonged RT.]]></description><subject>agonist muscle</subject><subject>antagonist muscle</subject><subject>Knee</subject><subject>maximum strength</subject><subject>Strength training</subject><subject>surface electromyography</subject><issn>0905-7188</issn><issn>1600-0838</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10MtKAzEUBuAgiq3VhS8gATe6mDaZJJPMUoo3qBeorkOcOZGpc6nJjKVvb9qpLgSzCTl8_OT8CJ1SMqbhTHzlx5QxRvfQkCaEREQxtY-GJCUiklSpATryfkEIlSkXh2jACFNhLobo-RE6Z0pscrNsTVs0tcfGtuAwx2swzuMvj2mMVwAfHjcWO_CFb02dAW6dKeqift-Qrt6-ID9GB9aUHk529wi93ly_TO-i2dPt_fRqFmVccBqxPMtioQTQOEuFsCbJqWTScpLk0qYiIWlumUrCgBNKwpbMsowbBcEratgIXfS5S9d8duBbXRU-g7I0NTSd1zGNUxGnistAz__QRdO5OvwuKCkpSUgSB3XZq8w13juweumKyri1pkRvatahZr2tOdizXWL3VkH-K396DWDSg1VRwvr_JD1_mPeR3yDhhHQ</recordid><startdate>201903</startdate><enddate>201903</enddate><creator>Balshaw, Thomas G.</creator><creator>Massey, Garry J.</creator><creator>Maden‐Wilkinson, Thomas M.</creator><creator>Lanza, Marcel B.</creator><creator>Folland, Jonathan P.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-8228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3070</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-3882</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201903</creationdate><title>Neural adaptations after 4 years vs 12 weeks of resistance training vs untrained</title><author>Balshaw, Thomas G. ; Massey, Garry J. ; Maden‐Wilkinson, Thomas M. ; Lanza, Marcel B. ; Folland, Jonathan P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4541-3dcc2585e12c955fa6d1737f406d7f95609df386f4040101113f3c4a8e2c981a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>agonist muscle</topic><topic>antagonist muscle</topic><topic>Knee</topic><topic>maximum strength</topic><topic>Strength training</topic><topic>surface electromyography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Balshaw, Thomas G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Massey, Garry J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maden‐Wilkinson, Thomas M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lanza, Marcel B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Folland, Jonathan P.</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Balshaw, Thomas G.</au><au>Massey, Garry J.</au><au>Maden‐Wilkinson, Thomas M.</au><au>Lanza, Marcel B.</au><au>Folland, Jonathan P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Neural adaptations after 4 years vs 12 weeks of resistance training vs untrained</atitle><jtitle>Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports</jtitle><addtitle>Scand J Med Sci Sports</addtitle><date>2019-03</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>348</spage><epage>359</epage><pages>348-359</pages><issn>0905-7188</issn><eissn>1600-0838</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of resistance training (RT) duration, including years of exposure, on agonist and antagonist neuromuscular activation throughout the knee extension voluntary torque range. Fifty‐seven healthy men (untrained [UNT] n = 29, short‐term RT [12WK] n = 14, and long‐term RT [4YR] n = 14) performed maximum and sub‐maximum (20%‐80% maximum voluntary torque [MVT]) unilateral isometric knee extension contractions with torque, agonist and antagonist surface EMG recorded. Agonist EMG, including at MVT, was corrected for the confounding effects of adiposity (ie, muscle‐electrode distance; measured with ultrasonography). Quadriceps maximum anatomical cross‐sectional area (QACSAMAX; via MRI) was also assessed. MVT was distinct for all three groups (4YR +60/+39% vs UNT/12WK; 12WK +15% vs UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.021), and QACSAMAX was greater for 4YR (+50/+42% vs UNT/12WK; [both] P < 0.001). Agonist EMG at MVT was +44/+33% greater for 4YR /12WK ([both] P < 0.001) vs. UNT, but did not differ between RT groups. The torque‐agonist EMG relationship of 4YR displayed a right/down shift with lower agonist EMG at the highest common torque (196 Nm) compared to 12WK and UNT (0.005 ≤ P ≤ 0.013; Effect size [ES] 0.90 ≤ ES ≤ 1.28). The torque‐antagonist EMG relationship displayed a lower slope with increasing RT duration (4YR < 12WK < UNT; 0.001 < P ≤ 0.094; 0.56 ≤ ES ≤ 1.31), and antagonist EMG at the highest common torque was also lower for 4YR than UNT (−69%; P < 0.001; ES = 1.18). In conclusion, 4YR and 12WK had similar agonist activation at MVT and this adaptation may be maximized during early months of RT. In contrast, inter‐muscular coordination, specifically antagonist coactivation was progressively lower, and likely continues to adapt, with prolonged RT.]]></abstract><cop>Denmark</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>30387185</pmid><doi>10.1111/sms.13331</doi><tpages>0</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-8228</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9898-3070</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2961-3882</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | agonist muscle antagonist muscle Knee maximum strength Strength training surface electromyography |
| title | Neural adaptations after 4 years vs 12 weeks of resistance training vs untrained |
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