An overview of energy and metabolic regulation
The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the pu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science China. Life sciences 2019-06, Vol.62 (6), p.771-790 |
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| container_end_page | 790 |
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| container_title | Science China. Life sciences |
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| creator | Wen, Song Wang, Chaoxun Gong, Min Zhou, Ligang |
| description | The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut- or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. Nutrients or metabolites and gut microbiota affect metabolism via a discrete pathway. We also review the role of peripheral organs, the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in peripheral regulation. We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11427-018-9371-4 |
| format | Article |
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We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1674-7305</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1869-1889</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9371-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30367342</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Beijing: Science China Press</publisher><subject>Adipose tissue ; Adipose Tissue - metabolism ; Animals ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Body Weight ; Brain - metabolism ; Central nervous system ; Central Nervous System - metabolism ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus - therapy ; Eating ; Energy balance ; Energy Metabolism - physiology ; Food intake ; Glucose monitoring ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Hypothalamus - cytology ; Hypothalamus - metabolism ; Intestinal microflora ; Life Sciences ; Liver ; Liver - metabolism ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Microbiota ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Neurons - metabolism ; Neuropeptide Y ; Neurotransmitters ; Nutrients ; Obesity - metabolism ; Obesity - therapy ; Proopiomelanocortin ; Reinforcement ; Review ; Signal Transduction ; Skeletal muscle</subject><ispartof>Science China. Life sciences, 2019-06, Vol.62 (6), p.771-790</ispartof><rights>Science China Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>Science China Life Sciences is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-b54fd7137d8142ea5ab0217cadd8460920a7ef2fdcbdb485cffc7aa65839bb373</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-b54fd7137d8142ea5ab0217cadd8460920a7ef2fdcbdb485cffc7aa65839bb373</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11427-018-9371-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11427-018-9371-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30367342$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wen, Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chaoxun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gong, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Ligang</creatorcontrib><title>An overview of energy and metabolic regulation</title><title>Science China. Life sciences</title><addtitle>Sci. China Life Sci</addtitle><addtitle>Sci China Life Sci</addtitle><description>The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut- or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. 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We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.</description><subject>Adipose tissue</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - metabolism</subject><subject>Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>Central Nervous System - metabolism</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus - therapy</subject><subject>Eating</subject><subject>Energy balance</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism - physiology</subject><subject>Food intake</subject><subject>Glucose monitoring</subject><subject>Homeostasis</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypothalamus</subject><subject>Hypothalamus - cytology</subject><subject>Hypothalamus - metabolism</subject><subject>Intestinal microflora</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurons - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuropeptide Y</subject><subject>Neurotransmitters</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Obesity - therapy</subject><subject>Proopiomelanocortin</subject><subject>Reinforcement</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Signal Transduction</subject><subject>Skeletal muscle</subject><issn>1674-7305</issn><issn>1869-1889</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMottT-AC-y4MXL1nzuZI-l-AUFL3oO2SRbtuxHTXaV_ntTtioImssE5pl3hgehS4IXBGO4DYRwCikmMs0ZkJSfoCmRWZ4SKfPT-M-Ap8CwmKB5CFscH2OYApyjCcMsA8bpFC2WbdK9O_9euY-kKxPXOr_ZJ7q1SeN6XXR1ZRLvNkOt-6prL9BZqevg5sc6Q6_3dy-rx3T9_PC0Wq5TwzHu00Lw0gJhYGU80mmhC0wJGG2t5BnOKdbgSlpaU9iCS2HK0oDWmZAsLwoGbIZuxtyd794GF3rVVMG4utat64agKKFZTkCCiOj1L3TbDb6N1ylKmcwozwT8SxEqBAhBWKTISBnfheBdqXa-arTfK4LVwboaratoXR2sKx5nro7JQ9E4-z3x5TgCdARCbLUb539W_536CWOSihg</recordid><startdate>20190601</startdate><enddate>20190601</enddate><creator>Wen, Song</creator><creator>Wang, Chaoxun</creator><creator>Gong, Min</creator><creator>Zhou, Ligang</creator><general>Science China Press</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190601</creationdate><title>An overview of energy and metabolic regulation</title><author>Wen, Song ; Wang, Chaoxun ; Gong, Min ; Zhou, Ligang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c400t-b54fd7137d8142ea5ab0217cadd8460920a7ef2fdcbdb485cffc7aa65839bb373</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Adipose tissue</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - metabolism</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - metabolism</topic><topic>Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring</topic><topic>Body Weight</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Central nervous system</topic><topic>Central Nervous System - metabolism</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus - therapy</topic><topic>Eating</topic><topic>Energy balance</topic><topic>Energy Metabolism - physiology</topic><topic>Food intake</topic><topic>Glucose monitoring</topic><topic>Homeostasis</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypothalamus</topic><topic>Hypothalamus - cytology</topic><topic>Hypothalamus - metabolism</topic><topic>Intestinal microflora</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>Neurons - metabolism</topic><topic>Neuropeptide Y</topic><topic>Neurotransmitters</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Obesity - therapy</topic><topic>Proopiomelanocortin</topic><topic>Reinforcement</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Signal Transduction</topic><topic>Skeletal muscle</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wen, Song</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chaoxun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gong, Min</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Ligang</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Science China. Life sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wen, Song</au><au>Wang, Chaoxun</au><au>Gong, Min</au><au>Zhou, Ligang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An overview of energy and metabolic regulation</atitle><jtitle>Science China. Life sciences</jtitle><stitle>Sci. China Life Sci</stitle><addtitle>Sci China Life Sci</addtitle><date>2019-06-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>62</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>771</spage><epage>790</epage><pages>771-790</pages><issn>1674-7305</issn><eissn>1869-1889</eissn><abstract>The physiology and behaviors related to energy balance are monitored by the nervous and humoral systems. Because of the difficulty in treating diabetes and obesity, elucidating the energy balance mechanism and identifying critical targets for treatment are important research goals. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe energy regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral humoral pathway. Homeostasis and rewarding are the basis of CNS regulation. Anorexigenic or orexigenic effects reflect the activities of the POMC/CART or NPY/AgRP neurons within the hypothalamus. Neurotransmitters have roles in food intake, and responsive brain nuclei have different functions related to food intake, glucose monitoring, reward processing. Peripheral gut- or adipose-derived hormones are the major source of peripheral humoral regulation systems. Nutrients or metabolites and gut microbiota affect metabolism via a discrete pathway. We also review the role of peripheral organs, the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in peripheral regulation. We discuss these topics and how the body regulates metabolism.</abstract><cop>Beijing</cop><pub>Science China Press</pub><pmid>30367342</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11427-018-9371-4</doi><tpages>20</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adipose tissue Adipose Tissue - metabolism Animals Biomedical and Life Sciences Blood Glucose - metabolism Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring Body Weight Brain - metabolism Central nervous system Central Nervous System - metabolism Diabetes mellitus Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus - therapy Eating Energy balance Energy Metabolism - physiology Food intake Glucose monitoring Homeostasis Humans Hypothalamus Hypothalamus - cytology Hypothalamus - metabolism Intestinal microflora Life Sciences Liver Liver - metabolism Metabolism Metabolites Microbiota Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Neurons - metabolism Neuropeptide Y Neurotransmitters Nutrients Obesity - metabolism Obesity - therapy Proopiomelanocortin Reinforcement Review Signal Transduction Skeletal muscle |
| title | An overview of energy and metabolic regulation |
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