Morphological and ecophysiological traits shaping altitudinal distribution of three Polylepis treeline species in the dry tropical Andes
Numerous species of the genus Polylepis form the highest treeline in the world, with striking dissimilarities in their upper altitudinal limits. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that growth at a treeline is limited by temperature. Here, using in situ records of various morphological and ecophysio...
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creator | Macek, Petr Macková, Jana de Bello, Francesco |
description | Numerous species of the genus
Polylepis form the highest treeline in the world, with striking dissimilarities in their upper altitudinal limits. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that growth at a treeline is limited by temperature. Here, using
in situ records of various morphological and ecophysiological traits, we aimed to identify other factors influencing altitudinal distribution of three congeneric species from the dry tropical Andes:
Polylepis rugulosa, Polylepis tarapacana and
Polylepis tomentella. While
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella reach their altitudinal limit at around 5000 m asl,
P. rugulosa does not thrive above 4300 m, but precipitation is markedly lower in its distribution area. The three species responded to altitude by a change of morphological (e.g. decreased tree height and leaf size) and ecophysiological (e.g. decrease of transpiration rate, nutrient concentration or enrichment in the
13C isotope) traits, and this response was generally more pronounced in
P. rugulosa. In comparison with
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella,
P. rugulosa displayed higher transpiration rates. Waxes from the abaxial (stomatous) leaf side of
P. rugulosa were most strongly enriched in
13C. Furthermore, leaves of all species studied here had exceptionally low N and P concentrations. Trade-offs linked to changes in leaf area (e.g. bigger leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity but elevated transpiration) seem to drive differentiation and adaptations to altitude among these three congeneric species. We hypothesize that, while the upper distribution limit of
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella is largely driven by low temperature, water is an important additional factor controlling the altitudinal distribution of
P. rugulosa. Our results suggest that water stress needs to be taken into account among the factors shaping the altitudinal distribution of tropical treeline species. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.actao.2009.08.013 |
format | Article |
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Polylepis form the highest treeline in the world, with striking dissimilarities in their upper altitudinal limits. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that growth at a treeline is limited by temperature. Here, using
in situ records of various morphological and ecophysiological traits, we aimed to identify other factors influencing altitudinal distribution of three congeneric species from the dry tropical Andes:
Polylepis rugulosa, Polylepis tarapacana and
Polylepis tomentella. While
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella reach their altitudinal limit at around 5000 m asl,
P. rugulosa does not thrive above 4300 m, but precipitation is markedly lower in its distribution area. The three species responded to altitude by a change of morphological (e.g. decreased tree height and leaf size) and ecophysiological (e.g. decrease of transpiration rate, nutrient concentration or enrichment in the
13C isotope) traits, and this response was generally more pronounced in
P. rugulosa. In comparison with
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella,
P. rugulosa displayed higher transpiration rates. Waxes from the abaxial (stomatous) leaf side of
P. rugulosa were most strongly enriched in
13C. Furthermore, leaves of all species studied here had exceptionally low N and P concentrations. Trade-offs linked to changes in leaf area (e.g. bigger leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity but elevated transpiration) seem to drive differentiation and adaptations to altitude among these three congeneric species. We hypothesize that, while the upper distribution limit of
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella is largely driven by low temperature, water is an important additional factor controlling the altitudinal distribution of
P. rugulosa. Our results suggest that water stress needs to be taken into account among the factors shaping the altitudinal distribution of tropical treeline species.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1146-609X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6238</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2009.08.013</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier Masson SAS</publisher><subject>Altitude ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carbon isotope composition ; Cuticular waxes ; Differentiation ; Drought stress ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gas exchange ; General aspects ; Leaf area ; Leaves ; Precipitation ; Temperature effects ; Transpiration ; Treeline ; Water stress ; Waxes ; WUE</subject><ispartof>Acta oecologica (Montrouge), 2009-11, Vol.35 (6), p.778-785</ispartof><rights>2009 Elsevier Masson SAS</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c364t-4028e71070cbfa1079a71e5c55944df83d520825005c56f60bc901ffd91f5ca63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c364t-4028e71070cbfa1079a71e5c55944df83d520825005c56f60bc901ffd91f5ca63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2009.08.013$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,780,784,789,790,3550,23930,23931,25140,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22098744$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Macek, Petr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macková, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Bello, Francesco</creatorcontrib><title>Morphological and ecophysiological traits shaping altitudinal distribution of three Polylepis treeline species in the dry tropical Andes</title><title>Acta oecologica (Montrouge)</title><description>Numerous species of the genus
Polylepis form the highest treeline in the world, with striking dissimilarities in their upper altitudinal limits. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that growth at a treeline is limited by temperature. Here, using
in situ records of various morphological and ecophysiological traits, we aimed to identify other factors influencing altitudinal distribution of three congeneric species from the dry tropical Andes:
Polylepis rugulosa, Polylepis tarapacana and
Polylepis tomentella. While
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella reach their altitudinal limit at around 5000 m asl,
P. rugulosa does not thrive above 4300 m, but precipitation is markedly lower in its distribution area. The three species responded to altitude by a change of morphological (e.g. decreased tree height and leaf size) and ecophysiological (e.g. decrease of transpiration rate, nutrient concentration or enrichment in the
13C isotope) traits, and this response was generally more pronounced in
P. rugulosa. In comparison with
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella,
P. rugulosa displayed higher transpiration rates. Waxes from the abaxial (stomatous) leaf side of
P. rugulosa were most strongly enriched in
13C. Furthermore, leaves of all species studied here had exceptionally low N and P concentrations. Trade-offs linked to changes in leaf area (e.g. bigger leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity but elevated transpiration) seem to drive differentiation and adaptations to altitude among these three congeneric species. We hypothesize that, while the upper distribution limit of
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella is largely driven by low temperature, water is an important additional factor controlling the altitudinal distribution of
P. rugulosa. Our results suggest that water stress needs to be taken into account among the factors shaping the altitudinal distribution of tropical treeline species.</description><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Carbon isotope composition</subject><subject>Cuticular waxes</subject><subject>Differentiation</subject><subject>Drought stress</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gas exchange</subject><subject>General aspects</subject><subject>Leaf area</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Transpiration</subject><subject>Treeline</subject><subject>Water stress</subject><subject>Waxes</subject><subject>WUE</subject><issn>1146-609X</issn><issn>1873-6238</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM9uFDEMxkcIJErhCbjkArcZnMz_A4eqghapCA6txC3KJk7Xq2kyxNlK-wY8Nmm36rEnW_b3fZZ_VfVRQiNBDl92jbHZxEYBzA1MDcj2VXUip7GtB9VOr0svu6EeYP7ztnrHvAOATqn-pPr3M6Z1G5d4S9YswgQn0MZ1e2B6HuZkKLPgrVkp3AqzZMp7R6GsHHFOtNlnikFEL_I2IYrfcTksuBIXK-JCAQWvaAlZUCgaFC4dyi6uj_lnwSG_r954szB-eKqn1c33b9fnl_XVr4sf52dXtW2HLtcdqAlHCSPYjTelzmaU2Nu-n7vO-al1vYJJ9QBlNvgBNnYG6b2bpe-tGdrT6vMxd03x7x456ztii8tiAsY9ayXl0Kl-LsL2KLQpMif0ek10Z9JBS9AP1PVOP1LXD9Q1TLpQL65PT_GGy28-mWCJn61KwTyNXVd0X486LL_eEybNhU-w6CihzdpFevHOf5YOnHU</recordid><startdate>20091101</startdate><enddate>20091101</enddate><creator>Macek, Petr</creator><creator>Macková, Jana</creator><creator>de Bello, Francesco</creator><general>Elsevier Masson SAS</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20091101</creationdate><title>Morphological and ecophysiological traits shaping altitudinal distribution of three Polylepis treeline species in the dry tropical Andes</title><author>Macek, Petr ; Macková, Jana ; de Bello, Francesco</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c364t-4028e71070cbfa1079a71e5c55944df83d520825005c56f60bc901ffd91f5ca63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>Altitude</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Carbon isotope composition</topic><topic>Cuticular waxes</topic><topic>Differentiation</topic><topic>Drought stress</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gas exchange</topic><topic>General aspects</topic><topic>Leaf area</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Temperature effects</topic><topic>Transpiration</topic><topic>Treeline</topic><topic>Water stress</topic><topic>Waxes</topic><topic>WUE</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Macek, Petr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Macková, Jana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Bello, Francesco</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Acta oecologica (Montrouge)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Macek, Petr</au><au>Macková, Jana</au><au>de Bello, Francesco</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Morphological and ecophysiological traits shaping altitudinal distribution of three Polylepis treeline species in the dry tropical Andes</atitle><jtitle>Acta oecologica (Montrouge)</jtitle><date>2009-11-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>778</spage><epage>785</epage><pages>778-785</pages><issn>1146-609X</issn><eissn>1873-6238</eissn><abstract>Numerous species of the genus
Polylepis form the highest treeline in the world, with striking dissimilarities in their upper altitudinal limits. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that growth at a treeline is limited by temperature. Here, using
in situ records of various morphological and ecophysiological traits, we aimed to identify other factors influencing altitudinal distribution of three congeneric species from the dry tropical Andes:
Polylepis rugulosa, Polylepis tarapacana and
Polylepis tomentella. While
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella reach their altitudinal limit at around 5000 m asl,
P. rugulosa does not thrive above 4300 m, but precipitation is markedly lower in its distribution area. The three species responded to altitude by a change of morphological (e.g. decreased tree height and leaf size) and ecophysiological (e.g. decrease of transpiration rate, nutrient concentration or enrichment in the
13C isotope) traits, and this response was generally more pronounced in
P. rugulosa. In comparison with
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella,
P. rugulosa displayed higher transpiration rates. Waxes from the abaxial (stomatous) leaf side of
P. rugulosa were most strongly enriched in
13C. Furthermore, leaves of all species studied here had exceptionally low N and P concentrations. Trade-offs linked to changes in leaf area (e.g. bigger leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity but elevated transpiration) seem to drive differentiation and adaptations to altitude among these three congeneric species. We hypothesize that, while the upper distribution limit of
P. tarapacana and
P. tomentella is largely driven by low temperature, water is an important additional factor controlling the altitudinal distribution of
P. rugulosa. Our results suggest that water stress needs to be taken into account among the factors shaping the altitudinal distribution of tropical treeline species.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier Masson SAS</pub><doi>10.1016/j.actao.2009.08.013</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Altitude Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences Carbon isotope composition Cuticular waxes Differentiation Drought stress Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gas exchange General aspects Leaf area Leaves Precipitation Temperature effects Transpiration Treeline Water stress Waxes WUE |
title | Morphological and ecophysiological traits shaping altitudinal distribution of three Polylepis treeline species in the dry tropical Andes |
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