Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance
Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe 3 O 4 @Al 2 O 3 core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipien...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science and pollution research international 2018-11, Vol.25 (32), p.32811-32821 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 32821 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 32 |
| container_start_page | 32811 |
| container_title | Environmental science and pollution research international |
| container_volume | 25 |
| creator | Kazemifard, Sina Nayebzadeh, Hamed Saghatoleslami, Naser Safakish, Ebrahim |
| description | Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipient wetness impregnation method and the effect of weight ratio of Fe
3
O
4
-to-Al
2
O
3
(0.15–0.35) on the catalytic performance was assessed. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET-BJH, VSM, SEM, TEM, and EDX analyses and their basicity was measured by the Hammett indicator method. The results revealed that although the magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
nanocatalyst with 25 wt% of Fe
3
O
4
showed less activity as compared to those with 15 wt% of Fe3O4, it exhibited higher surface area and appropriate magnetic properties. The sample presented superparamagnetic properties with the magnetic strength of 1.25 emu/g that was simply recovered by using an external magnetic field. The nanocatalyst converted 98.8% of canola oil to biodiesel under reflux condition at the best operational conditions of 12 M ratio of methanol/oil, 4 wt% of catalyst and 6 h of reaction time. Moreover, the nanocatalyst showed high reusability such that it was reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2112197251</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2112197251</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-33d1c70019d9e849d93b74bbd619ca3e4c5c380427ffb74d861c88e8977e2493</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kcFuEzEQhq0KJELhAbhZ6oXLNp61s15zIqoIRVTKpXfL8Y5bV7t2sL1IufEOvAGP1ifBqyAhIXHxHOb7f8_MT8g7YNfAmFxnAL7pGgZ9w1uhGnlBVtCBaKRQ6gVZMSVEA1yIV-R1zk-MtUy1ckV-bXPGnCcMhZZHpMYW_92XE42OTuYhYPGWft3frnfI9-Ljdmz3nNqY8PnHz_yI40iDCdGaYsZTLtQHWpIJ1bJg8s7Xho-BJlx8Y_hA0Tm0ZXHf4Xo70rQAtCK5pNmWOZmRmjDQIyYX02SCxTfkpTNjxrd_6iW53326v7lt7vafv9xs7xrL-640nA9gJWOgBoW9qC8_SHE4DB0oazgKu6kgE610rjaGvgPb99grKbFejF-S92fbY4rf5rqAnny2dUMTMM5ZtwAtKNluoKJX_6BPcU6hDrdQwOvvQlYKzpRNMeeETh-Tn0w6aWB6CU2fQ9M1NL2EphdNe9bkyoYHTH-d_y_6Dd8xnCw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2111384947</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance</title><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Kazemifard, Sina ; Nayebzadeh, Hamed ; Saghatoleslami, Naser ; Safakish, Ebrahim</creator><creatorcontrib>Kazemifard, Sina ; Nayebzadeh, Hamed ; Saghatoleslami, Naser ; Safakish, Ebrahim</creatorcontrib><description>Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipient wetness impregnation method and the effect of weight ratio of Fe
3
O
4
-to-Al
2
O
3
(0.15–0.35) on the catalytic performance was assessed. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET-BJH, VSM, SEM, TEM, and EDX analyses and their basicity was measured by the Hammett indicator method. The results revealed that although the magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
nanocatalyst with 25 wt% of Fe
3
O
4
showed less activity as compared to those with 15 wt% of Fe3O4, it exhibited higher surface area and appropriate magnetic properties. The sample presented superparamagnetic properties with the magnetic strength of 1.25 emu/g that was simply recovered by using an external magnetic field. The nanocatalyst converted 98.8% of canola oil to biodiesel under reflux condition at the best operational conditions of 12 M ratio of methanol/oil, 4 wt% of catalyst and 6 h of reaction time. Moreover, the nanocatalyst showed high reusability such that it was reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0944-1344</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1614-7499</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Aluminum oxide ; Aquatic Pollution ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Basicity ; Biodiesel fuels ; Biofuels ; Canola oil ; Catalysis ; Catalysts ; Catalytic activity ; Diesel ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental science ; Iron oxides ; Magnetic fields ; Magnetic properties ; Moisture content ; Nanocatalysis ; Reaction time ; Research Article ; Transesterification ; Waste Water Technology ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Weight</subject><ispartof>Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018-11, Vol.25 (32), p.32811-32821</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>Environmental Science and Pollution Research is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-33d1c70019d9e849d93b74bbd619ca3e4c5c380427ffb74d861c88e8977e2493</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-33d1c70019d9e849d93b74bbd619ca3e4c5c380427ffb74d861c88e8977e2493</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9813-5189</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kazemifard, Sina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nayebzadeh, Hamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saghatoleslami, Naser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safakish, Ebrahim</creatorcontrib><title>Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance</title><title>Environmental science and pollution research international</title><addtitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</addtitle><description>Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipient wetness impregnation method and the effect of weight ratio of Fe
3
O
4
-to-Al
2
O
3
(0.15–0.35) on the catalytic performance was assessed. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET-BJH, VSM, SEM, TEM, and EDX analyses and their basicity was measured by the Hammett indicator method. The results revealed that although the magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
nanocatalyst with 25 wt% of Fe
3
O
4
showed less activity as compared to those with 15 wt% of Fe3O4, it exhibited higher surface area and appropriate magnetic properties. The sample presented superparamagnetic properties with the magnetic strength of 1.25 emu/g that was simply recovered by using an external magnetic field. The nanocatalyst converted 98.8% of canola oil to biodiesel under reflux condition at the best operational conditions of 12 M ratio of methanol/oil, 4 wt% of catalyst and 6 h of reaction time. Moreover, the nanocatalyst showed high reusability such that it was reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.</description><subject>Aluminum oxide</subject><subject>Aquatic Pollution</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Basicity</subject><subject>Biodiesel fuels</subject><subject>Biofuels</subject><subject>Canola oil</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Catalytic activity</subject><subject>Diesel</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental science</subject><subject>Iron oxides</subject><subject>Magnetic fields</subject><subject>Magnetic properties</subject><subject>Moisture content</subject><subject>Nanocatalysis</subject><subject>Reaction time</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Transesterification</subject><subject>Waste Water Technology</subject><subject>Water Management</subject><subject>Water Pollution Control</subject><subject>Weight</subject><issn>0944-1344</issn><issn>1614-7499</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcFuEzEQhq0KJELhAbhZ6oXLNp61s15zIqoIRVTKpXfL8Y5bV7t2sL1IufEOvAGP1ifBqyAhIXHxHOb7f8_MT8g7YNfAmFxnAL7pGgZ9w1uhGnlBVtCBaKRQ6gVZMSVEA1yIV-R1zk-MtUy1ckV-bXPGnCcMhZZHpMYW_92XE42OTuYhYPGWft3frnfI9-Ljdmz3nNqY8PnHz_yI40iDCdGaYsZTLtQHWpIJ1bJg8s7Xho-BJlx8Y_hA0Tm0ZXHf4Xo70rQAtCK5pNmWOZmRmjDQIyYX02SCxTfkpTNjxrd_6iW53326v7lt7vafv9xs7xrL-640nA9gJWOgBoW9qC8_SHE4DB0oazgKu6kgE610rjaGvgPb99grKbFejF-S92fbY4rf5rqAnny2dUMTMM5ZtwAtKNluoKJX_6BPcU6hDrdQwOvvQlYKzpRNMeeETh-Tn0w6aWB6CU2fQ9M1NL2EphdNe9bkyoYHTH-d_y_6Dd8xnCw</recordid><startdate>20181101</startdate><enddate>20181101</enddate><creator>Kazemifard, Sina</creator><creator>Nayebzadeh, Hamed</creator><creator>Saghatoleslami, Naser</creator><creator>Safakish, Ebrahim</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7WY</scope><scope>7WZ</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>87Z</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8FL</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BEZIV</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FRNLG</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>F~G</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K60</scope><scope>K6~</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>M0C</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQBIZ</scope><scope>PQBZA</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9813-5189</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20181101</creationdate><title>Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance</title><author>Kazemifard, Sina ; Nayebzadeh, Hamed ; Saghatoleslami, Naser ; Safakish, Ebrahim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-33d1c70019d9e849d93b74bbd619ca3e4c5c380427ffb74d861c88e8977e2493</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Aluminum oxide</topic><topic>Aquatic Pollution</topic><topic>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</topic><topic>Basicity</topic><topic>Biodiesel fuels</topic><topic>Biofuels</topic><topic>Canola oil</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Catalysts</topic><topic>Catalytic activity</topic><topic>Diesel</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Ecotoxicology</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Chemistry</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Iron oxides</topic><topic>Magnetic fields</topic><topic>Magnetic properties</topic><topic>Moisture content</topic><topic>Nanocatalysis</topic><topic>Reaction time</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Transesterification</topic><topic>Waste Water Technology</topic><topic>Water Management</topic><topic>Water Pollution Control</topic><topic>Weight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kazemifard, Sina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nayebzadeh, Hamed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saghatoleslami, Naser</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safakish, Ebrahim</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kazemifard, Sina</au><au>Nayebzadeh, Hamed</au><au>Saghatoleslami, Naser</au><au>Safakish, Ebrahim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science and pollution research international</jtitle><stitle>Environ Sci Pollut Res</stitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>32</issue><spage>32811</spage><epage>32821</epage><pages>32811-32821</pages><issn>0944-1344</issn><eissn>1614-7499</eissn><abstract>Recently, biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts has been of great concern. However, simple separation of these catalysts from product mixtures is a problem of the process. In this study, series of magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
core–shell nanocatalysts were synthesized via the incipient wetness impregnation method and the effect of weight ratio of Fe
3
O
4
-to-Al
2
O
3
(0.15–0.35) on the catalytic performance was assessed. The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET-BJH, VSM, SEM, TEM, and EDX analyses and their basicity was measured by the Hammett indicator method. The results revealed that although the magnetic KOH/Fe
3
O
4
@Al
2
O
3
nanocatalyst with 25 wt% of Fe
3
O
4
showed less activity as compared to those with 15 wt% of Fe3O4, it exhibited higher surface area and appropriate magnetic properties. The sample presented superparamagnetic properties with the magnetic strength of 1.25 emu/g that was simply recovered by using an external magnetic field. The nanocatalyst converted 98.8% of canola oil to biodiesel under reflux condition at the best operational conditions of 12 M ratio of methanol/oil, 4 wt% of catalyst and 6 h of reaction time. Moreover, the nanocatalyst showed high reusability such that it was reused several times without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9813-5189</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0944-1344 |
| ispartof | Environmental science and pollution research international, 2018-11, Vol.25 (32), p.32811-32821 |
| issn | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2112197251 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aluminum oxide Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Basicity Biodiesel fuels Biofuels Canola oil Catalysis Catalysts Catalytic activity Diesel Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Iron oxides Magnetic fields Magnetic properties Moisture content Nanocatalysis Reaction time Research Article Transesterification Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control Weight |
| title | Assessment the activity of magnetic KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3 core–shell nanocatalyst in transesterification reaction: effect of Fe/Al ratio on structural and performance |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-08T11%3A59%3A06IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Assessment%20the%20activity%20of%20magnetic%20KOH/Fe3O4@Al2O3%20core%E2%80%93shell%20nanocatalyst%20in%20transesterification%20reaction:%20effect%20of%20Fe/Al%20ratio%20on%20structural%20and%20performance&rft.jtitle=Environmental%20science%20and%20pollution%20research%20international&rft.au=Kazemifard,%20Sina&rft.date=2018-11-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=32&rft.spage=32811&rft.epage=32821&rft.pages=32811-32821&rft.issn=0944-1344&rft.eissn=1614-7499&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s11356-018-3249-7&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2112197251%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2111384947&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |