N and P in New Zealand Soil Chronosequences and Relationships with Foliar N and P

The growth of forest species in soil development chronosequences becomes increasingly phosphorus (P)-limited with time, as P is weathered, eroded and leached from soil. Foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations also tend to decrease with soil age when vegetation may be limited in both N and P. Here we repo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biogeochemistry 2005-08, Vol.75 (2), p.305-328
Hauptverfasser: Parfitt, R. L., Ross, D. J., Coomes, D. A., Richardson, S. J., Smale, M. C., Dahlgren, R. A.
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container_issue 2
container_start_page 305
container_title Biogeochemistry
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creator Parfitt, R. L.
Ross, D. J.
Coomes, D. A.
Richardson, S. J.
Smale, M. C.
Dahlgren, R. A.
description The growth of forest species in soil development chronosequences becomes increasingly phosphorus (P)-limited with time, as P is weathered, eroded and leached from soil. Foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations also tend to decrease with soil age when vegetation may be limited in both N and P. Here we report on soil development in temperate rain forests along three New Zealand chronosequences that have minimal pollution and disturbance from human activities, at Franz Josef, Waitutu and Central Volcanic Plateau, and on factors influencing soil net N mineralization (aerobic; 56 days) and foliar N and P concentrations. Except in very young soils (&lt 500 years), at least 85% of total-P in mineral soil (0-10 cm) was transformed to organic-P. In each chronosequence, total-P declined with time, and foliar N:P ratios (mass) generally increased from 8 to 15-18, suggesting P was more limiting than N in the oldest soils of the chronosequence. There was a negative relationship between net N mineralization and C:N ratio for mineral soil. For the FH (organic) layer, net N mineralization had the strongest relationships with total-N concentration (positively) and C:organic-P ratio (negatively); however, relationships varied with forest group, suggesting that other factors were also important. Foliar P of kamahi (Weinmannia racemosa Linn. f.), a dominant canopy species, was related to soil organic-P, suggesting mineralization was an important process for tree nutrition. Foliar N was positively related to N concentration in the FH layer, but was not significantly related to any measured property in mineral soil, possibly because of the wide range of soils. The consistent declines in both soil and foliar P across the contrasting chronosequences strongly suggest that vegetation becomes progressively P-limited during long-term ecosystem development.
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L. ; Ross, D. J. ; Coomes, D. A. ; Richardson, S. J. ; Smale, M. C. ; Dahlgren, R. A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Parfitt, R. L. ; Ross, D. J. ; Coomes, D. A. ; Richardson, S. J. ; Smale, M. C. ; Dahlgren, R. A.</creatorcontrib><description>The growth of forest species in soil development chronosequences becomes increasingly phosphorus (P)-limited with time, as P is weathered, eroded and leached from soil. Foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations also tend to decrease with soil age when vegetation may be limited in both N and P. Here we report on soil development in temperate rain forests along three New Zealand chronosequences that have minimal pollution and disturbance from human activities, at Franz Josef, Waitutu and Central Volcanic Plateau, and on factors influencing soil net N mineralization (aerobic; 56 days) and foliar N and P concentrations. Except in very young soils (&amp;lt 500 years), at least 85% of total-P in mineral soil (0-10 cm) was transformed to organic-P. 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subjects Alluvial soils
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Chronosequences
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Ecological succession
Exact sciences and technology
Forest soils
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Geochemistry
Mineral soils
Mineralization
Nitrogen
Old growth forests
Organic soils
Rainforests
Soil and rock geochemistry
Soil ecology
Soil plant interactions
Soils
Surficial geology
Synecology
Temperate rain forests
Terrestrial ecosystems
Vegetation
Volcanic soils
Weinmannia
title N and P in New Zealand Soil Chronosequences and Relationships with Foliar N and P
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