Cellulase–Hemicellulase Activities and Bacterial Community Composition of Different Soils from Algerian Ecosystems

Soil microorganisms are important mediators of carbon cycling in nature. Although cellulose-and hemicellulose-degrading bacteria have been isolated from Algerian ecosystems, the information on the composition of soil bacterial communities and thus the potential of their members to decompose plant re...

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Veröffentlicht in:Microbial ecology 2019-04, Vol.77 (3), p.713-725
Hauptverfasser: Houfani, Aicha Asma, Větrovský, Tomáš, Navarrete, Oscar U., Štursová, Martina, Tláskal, Vojtěch, Beiko, Robert G., Boucherba, Nawel, Baldrian, Petr, Benallaoua, Said, Jorquera, Milko A.
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container_end_page 725
container_issue 3
container_start_page 713
container_title Microbial ecology
container_volume 77
creator Houfani, Aicha Asma
Větrovský, Tomáš
Navarrete, Oscar U.
Štursová, Martina
Tláskal, Vojtěch
Beiko, Robert G.
Boucherba, Nawel
Baldrian, Petr
Benallaoua, Said
Jorquera, Milko A.
description Soil microorganisms are important mediators of carbon cycling in nature. Although cellulose-and hemicellulose-degrading bacteria have been isolated from Algerian ecosystems, the information on the composition of soil bacterial communities and thus the potential of their members to decompose plant residues is still limited. The objective of the present study was to describe and compare the bacterial community composition in Algerian soils (crop, forest, garden, and desert) and the activity of cellulose-and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes. Bacterial communities were characterized by high-throughput 16S amplicon sequencing followed by the in silico prediction of their functional potential. The highest lignocellulolytic activity was recorded in forest and garden soils whereas activities in the agricultural and desert soils were typically low. The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (in particular classes α–proteobacteria, δ–proteobacteria, and γ–proteobacteria), Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria dominated in all soils. Forest and garden soils exhibited higher diversity than agricultural and desert soils. Endocellulase activity was elevated in forest and garden soils. In silico analysis predicted higher share of genes assigned to general metabolism in forest and garden soils compared with agricultural and arid soils, particularly in carbohydrate metabolism. The highest potential of lignocellulose decomposition was predicted for forest soils, which is in agreement with the highest activity of corresponding enzymes.
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Although cellulose-and hemicellulose-degrading bacteria have been isolated from Algerian ecosystems, the information on the composition of soil bacterial communities and thus the potential of their members to decompose plant residues is still limited. The objective of the present study was to describe and compare the bacterial community composition in Algerian soils (crop, forest, garden, and desert) and the activity of cellulose-and hemicellulose-degrading enzymes. Bacterial communities were characterized by high-throughput 16S amplicon sequencing followed by the in silico prediction of their functional potential. The highest lignocellulolytic activity was recorded in forest and garden soils whereas activities in the agricultural and desert soils were typically low. The bacterial phyla Proteobacteria (in particular classes α–proteobacteria, δ–proteobacteria, and γ–proteobacteria), Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria dominated in all soils. Forest and garden soils exhibited higher diversity than agricultural and desert soils. Endocellulase activity was elevated in forest and garden soils. In silico analysis predicted higher share of genes assigned to general metabolism in forest and garden soils compared with agricultural and arid soils, particularly in carbohydrate metabolism. 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subjects Aridity
Bacteria
Biodegradation
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbohydrate metabolism
Carbohydrates
Carbon cycle
Cellulase
Cellulose
Communities
Community composition
Composition
Decomposition
Desert environments
Desert soils
Deserts
Ecology
Ecosystems
Enzymes
Forest soils
Forests
Gardens & gardening
Genes
Geoecology/Natural Processes
Hemicellulose
Life Sciences
Lignocellulose
Metabolism
Microbial Ecology
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Nature Conservation
Predictions
Sandy soils
Soil
Soil analysis
SOIL MICROBIOLOGY
Soil microorganisms
Soils
Water Quality/Water Pollution
title Cellulase–Hemicellulase Activities and Bacterial Community Composition of Different Soils from Algerian Ecosystems
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