Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy
Background Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). During the course of AIT, many biomarkers in body fluids change. It is necessary to find effective indicators of AIT. Objective To examine levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 (IgA, IgE,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of rhinology & allergy 2018-11, Vol.32 (6), p.458-464 |
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| creator | Liu, Yan Xing, Zhimin Wang, Junge Geng, Congli |
| description | Background
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). During the course of AIT, many biomarkers in body fluids change. It is necessary to find effective indicators of AIT.
Objective
To examine levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 (IgA, IgE, and IgG4, respectively) specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4, respectively) and their changes in AR patients undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
Methods
This study included 82 patients with AR sensitized only to Dp and 14 healthy controls. Among patients with AR, 30 patients were not treated with specific immunotherapy (group A), while the remainder (n = 52) received house dust mite SCIT in the up-dosing phase (n = 27; group B) or the maintenance treatment phase (n = 25; group C). Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4 levels in the saliva were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical symptoms, concomitant medication, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire score were recorded and correlated with immunoglobulin levels.
Results
Salivary Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA levels were significantly lower in AR patients than in healthy controls (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/1945892418793470 |
| format | Article |
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Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). During the course of AIT, many biomarkers in body fluids change. It is necessary to find effective indicators of AIT.
Objective
To examine levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 (IgA, IgE, and IgG4, respectively) specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4, respectively) and their changes in AR patients undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
Methods
This study included 82 patients with AR sensitized only to Dp and 14 healthy controls. Among patients with AR, 30 patients were not treated with specific immunotherapy (group A), while the remainder (n = 52) received house dust mite SCIT in the up-dosing phase (n = 27; group B) or the maintenance treatment phase (n = 25; group C). Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4 levels in the saliva were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical symptoms, concomitant medication, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire score were recorded and correlated with immunoglobulin levels.
Results
Salivary Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA levels were significantly lower in AR patients than in healthy controls (P < .001 for both), while Dp-IgE levels were significantly higher (P < .001). SCIT resulted in sustained increases in Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA in the maintenance phase compared to the up-dosing phase (P < .001 for both), whereas Dp-IgE only increased in the up-dosing phase (P = .004, P < .0125). There was no correlation between the different salivary immunoglobulins and clinical scores during SCIT.
Conclusions
This study shows that allergen-specific IgE levels are increased in the saliva of sensitized patients, suggesting that measuring salivary IgE testing should be further considered for the diagnosis of AR. Moreover, allergen-specific IgA and IgG4 in the saliva, which may play protective roles against allergy, may serve as objective indicators for evaluating treatment response to SCIT. However, none of the immunoglobulin reflects subjective symptoms.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1945-8924</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1945-8932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/1945892418793470</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30124065</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides - immunology ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides - therapeutic use ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Child ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus - immunology ; Desensitization, Immunologic - methods ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A - metabolism ; Immunoglobulin E - metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G - metabolism ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhinitis, Allergic - immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic - therapy ; Saliva - metabolism ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>American journal of rhinology & allergy, 2018-11, Vol.32 (6), p.458-464</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-79e605b360509e4185c248a893743e8d7089453aa65b02818ef05aedbc1927fa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-79e605b360509e4185c248a893743e8d7089453aa65b02818ef05aedbc1927fa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1945892418793470$$EPDF$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1945892418793470$$EHTML$$P50$$Gsage$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,21819,27924,27925,43621,43622</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30124065$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Zhimin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Junge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geng, Congli</creatorcontrib><title>Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy</title><title>American journal of rhinology & allergy</title><addtitle>Am J Rhinol Allergy</addtitle><description>Background
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). During the course of AIT, many biomarkers in body fluids change. It is necessary to find effective indicators of AIT.
Objective
To examine levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 (IgA, IgE, and IgG4, respectively) specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4, respectively) and their changes in AR patients undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
Methods
This study included 82 patients with AR sensitized only to Dp and 14 healthy controls. Among patients with AR, 30 patients were not treated with specific immunotherapy (group A), while the remainder (n = 52) received house dust mite SCIT in the up-dosing phase (n = 27; group B) or the maintenance treatment phase (n = 25; group C). Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4 levels in the saliva were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical symptoms, concomitant medication, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire score were recorded and correlated with immunoglobulin levels.
Results
Salivary Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA levels were significantly lower in AR patients than in healthy controls (P < .001 for both), while Dp-IgE levels were significantly higher (P < .001). SCIT resulted in sustained increases in Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA in the maintenance phase compared to the up-dosing phase (P < .001 for both), whereas Dp-IgE only increased in the up-dosing phase (P = .004, P < .0125). There was no correlation between the different salivary immunoglobulins and clinical scores during SCIT.
Conclusions
This study shows that allergen-specific IgE levels are increased in the saliva of sensitized patients, suggesting that measuring salivary IgE testing should be further considered for the diagnosis of AR. Moreover, allergen-specific IgA and IgG4 in the saliva, which may play protective roles against allergy, may serve as objective indicators for evaluating treatment response to SCIT. However, none of the immunoglobulin reflects subjective symptoms.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antigens, Dermatophagoides - immunology</subject><subject>Antigens, Dermatophagoides - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus - immunology</subject><subject>Desensitization, Immunologic - methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin A - metabolism</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin E - metabolism</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - metabolism</subject><subject>Injections, Subcutaneous</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Rhinitis, Allergic - immunology</subject><subject>Rhinitis, Allergic - therapy</subject><subject>Saliva - metabolism</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1945-8924</issn><issn>1945-8932</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUtr3DAUhUVpaR7tvqugZRdxqpctaxnyhoGWTkqXRravZxRkyZHkwPyX_NhocJJFoRtJiO8c7j0HoW-UnFEq5Q-qRFkrJmgtFReSfECH-6-iVpx9fH8zcYCOYnwgpBKloJ_RASeUCVKVh-h5ra150mGH78Zxdn5jfTtb4_D5Kb46xdr1-EbgFTyBjXg9QWcG0-Hk8SWEUSc_bfXGmx4inhIE73YxGjdHvHewFsIm07-3xplkIv6lkwGXIr4PoBP0-K9JW7ye225O2oHPumWKtIWgp90X9GnQNsLX1_sY_bm-ur-4LVY_b-4uzldFx7lMhVRQkbLl-SAKchhlx0StcwhScKh7SeocBNe6KlvCalrDQEoNfdtRxeSg-TH6vvhOwT_OEFMzmtiBtctQDSOKMFXRimSULGgXfIwBhmYKZsz5NZQ0-06afzvJkpNX97kdoX8XvJWQgWIBot5A8-Dn4PK2_zd8AfaolYo</recordid><startdate>201811</startdate><enddate>201811</enddate><creator>Liu, Yan</creator><creator>Xing, Zhimin</creator><creator>Wang, Junge</creator><creator>Geng, Congli</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201811</creationdate><title>Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy</title><author>Liu, Yan ; Xing, Zhimin ; Wang, Junge ; Geng, Congli</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c337t-79e605b360509e4185c248a893743e8d7089453aa65b02818ef05aedbc1927fa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antigens, Dermatophagoides - immunology</topic><topic>Antigens, Dermatophagoides - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Biomarkers - metabolism</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus - immunology</topic><topic>Desensitization, Immunologic - methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin A - metabolism</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin E - metabolism</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - metabolism</topic><topic>Injections, Subcutaneous</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Rhinitis, Allergic - immunology</topic><topic>Rhinitis, Allergic - therapy</topic><topic>Saliva - metabolism</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xing, Zhimin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Junge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geng, Congli</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of rhinology & allergy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Yan</au><au>Xing, Zhimin</au><au>Wang, Junge</au><au>Geng, Congli</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy</atitle><jtitle>American journal of rhinology & allergy</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Rhinol Allergy</addtitle><date>2018-11</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>458</spage><epage>464</epage><pages>458-464</pages><issn>1945-8924</issn><eissn>1945-8932</eissn><abstract>Background
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is an effective treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). During the course of AIT, many biomarkers in body fluids change. It is necessary to find effective indicators of AIT.
Objective
To examine levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 (IgA, IgE, and IgG4, respectively) specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4, respectively) and their changes in AR patients undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).
Methods
This study included 82 patients with AR sensitized only to Dp and 14 healthy controls. Among patients with AR, 30 patients were not treated with specific immunotherapy (group A), while the remainder (n = 52) received house dust mite SCIT in the up-dosing phase (n = 27; group B) or the maintenance treatment phase (n = 25; group C). Dp-IgA, Dp-IgE, and Dp-IgG4 levels in the saliva were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical symptoms, concomitant medication, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire score were recorded and correlated with immunoglobulin levels.
Results
Salivary Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA levels were significantly lower in AR patients than in healthy controls (P < .001 for both), while Dp-IgE levels were significantly higher (P < .001). SCIT resulted in sustained increases in Dp-IgG4 and Dp-IgA in the maintenance phase compared to the up-dosing phase (P < .001 for both), whereas Dp-IgE only increased in the up-dosing phase (P = .004, P < .0125). There was no correlation between the different salivary immunoglobulins and clinical scores during SCIT.
Conclusions
This study shows that allergen-specific IgE levels are increased in the saliva of sensitized patients, suggesting that measuring salivary IgE testing should be further considered for the diagnosis of AR. Moreover, allergen-specific IgA and IgG4 in the saliva, which may play protective roles against allergy, may serve as objective indicators for evaluating treatment response to SCIT. However, none of the immunoglobulin reflects subjective symptoms.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>30124065</pmid><doi>10.1177/1945892418793470</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of rhinology & allergy, 2018-11, Vol.32 (6), p.458-464 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Animals Antigens, Dermatophagoides - immunology Antigens, Dermatophagoides - therapeutic use Biomarkers - metabolism Child Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus - immunology Desensitization, Immunologic - methods Female Humans Immunoglobulin A - metabolism Immunoglobulin E - metabolism Immunoglobulin G - metabolism Injections, Subcutaneous Male Middle Aged Rhinitis, Allergic - immunology Rhinitis, Allergic - therapy Saliva - metabolism Young Adult |
| title | Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy |
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