Solar and terrestrial radiations explain continental-scale variation in bird pigmentation
Animals living on the earth’s surface are protected from the damaging effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation by melanin pigments that color their integument. UV levels that reach the earth’s surface vary spatially, but the role of UV exposure in shaping clinal variations in animal pigmentation...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Oecologia 2018-11, Vol.188 (3), p.683-693 |
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| creator | Galván, Ismael Jorge, Alberto Pacheco, Carlos Spencer, Derek Halley, Duncan J. Itty, Christian Kornan, Jan Nielsen, Jan T. Ollila, Tuomo Sein, Gunnar Stój, Marian Negro, Juan J. |
| description | Animals living on the earth’s surface are protected from the damaging effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation by melanin pigments that color their integument. UV levels that reach the earth’s surface vary spatially, but the role of UV exposure in shaping clinal variations in animal pigmentation has never been tested. Here, we show at a continental scale in Europe that golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos reared in territories with a high solar UV-B radiation exposure deposit lower amounts of the sulphurated form of melanin (pheomelanin) in feathers and consequently develop darker plumage phenotypes than eagles from territories with lower radiation exposure. This clinal variation in pigmentation is also explained by terrestrial γ radiation levels in the rearing territories by a similar effect on the pheomelanin content of feathers, unveiling natural radioactivity as a previously unsuspected factor shaping animal pigmentation. These findings show for the first time the potential of solar and terrestrial radiations to explain pigmentation phenotype diversity in animals, including humans, at large spatial scales. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00442-018-4238-8 |
| format | Article |
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UV levels that reach the earth’s surface vary spatially, but the role of UV exposure in shaping clinal variations in animal pigmentation has never been tested. Here, we show at a continental scale in Europe that golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos reared in territories with a high solar UV-B radiation exposure deposit lower amounts of the sulphurated form of melanin (pheomelanin) in feathers and consequently develop darker plumage phenotypes than eagles from territories with lower radiation exposure. This clinal variation in pigmentation is also explained by terrestrial γ radiation levels in the rearing territories by a similar effect on the pheomelanin content of feathers, unveiling natural radioactivity as a previously unsuspected factor shaping animal pigmentation. These findings show for the first time the potential of solar and terrestrial radiations to explain pigmentation phenotype diversity in animals, including humans, at large spatial scales.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0029-8549</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1939</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00442-018-4238-8</identifier><identifier>PMID: 30094635</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Science + Business Media</publisher><subject>Animals ; Aquila chrysaetos ; Background radiation ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Colour ; Eagles ; Earth ; Earth surface ; Ecology ; Exposure ; Feathers ; Free radicals ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Individual rearing ; Integument ; Ionizing radiation ; Life Sciences ; Melanin ; Natural radioactivity ; Phenotypes ; Pheomelanin ; PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY - ORIGINAL RESEARCH ; Pigmentation ; Pigments ; Plant Sciences ; Plumage ; Radiation damage ; Radiation effects ; Radiation measurement ; Radioactivity ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Variation ; γ Radiation</subject><ispartof>Oecologia, 2018-11, Vol.188 (3), p.683-693</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2018 Springer</rights><rights>Oecologia is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-da92cc3d31ab45f643e6f744f94a2d04972a4f4c802b8664714bb8a6309dc22c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c495t-da92cc3d31ab45f643e6f744f94a2d04972a4f4c802b8664714bb8a6309dc22c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6523-8592</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/48719109$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/48719109$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30094635$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Galván, Ismael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jorge, Alberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pacheco, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spencer, Derek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halley, Duncan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Itty, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kornan, Jan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nielsen, Jan T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ollila, Tuomo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sein, Gunnar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stój, Marian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Negro, Juan J.</creatorcontrib><title>Solar and terrestrial radiations explain continental-scale variation in bird pigmentation</title><title>Oecologia</title><addtitle>Oecologia</addtitle><addtitle>Oecologia</addtitle><description>Animals living on the earth’s surface are protected from the damaging effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation by melanin pigments that color their integument. UV levels that reach the earth’s surface vary spatially, but the role of UV exposure in shaping clinal variations in animal pigmentation has never been tested. Here, we show at a continental scale in Europe that golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos reared in territories with a high solar UV-B radiation exposure deposit lower amounts of the sulphurated form of melanin (pheomelanin) in feathers and consequently develop darker plumage phenotypes than eagles from territories with lower radiation exposure. This clinal variation in pigmentation is also explained by terrestrial γ radiation levels in the rearing territories by a similar effect on the pheomelanin content of feathers, unveiling natural radioactivity as a previously unsuspected factor shaping animal pigmentation. These findings show for the first time the potential of solar and terrestrial radiations to explain pigmentation phenotype diversity in animals, including humans, at large spatial scales.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aquila chrysaetos</subject><subject>Background radiation</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Colour</subject><subject>Eagles</subject><subject>Earth</subject><subject>Earth surface</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Feathers</subject><subject>Free radicals</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>Individual rearing</subject><subject>Integument</subject><subject>Ionizing radiation</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Melanin</subject><subject>Natural radioactivity</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Pheomelanin</subject><subject>PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY - ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject><subject>Pigmentation</subject><subject>Pigments</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Plumage</subject><subject>Radiation damage</subject><subject>Radiation effects</subject><subject>Radiation measurement</subject><subject>Radioactivity</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Variation</subject><subject>γ 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explain continental-scale variation in bird pigmentation</atitle><jtitle>Oecologia</jtitle><stitle>Oecologia</stitle><addtitle>Oecologia</addtitle><date>2018-11-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>188</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>683</spage><epage>693</epage><pages>683-693</pages><issn>0029-8549</issn><eissn>1432-1939</eissn><abstract>Animals living on the earth’s surface are protected from the damaging effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation by melanin pigments that color their integument. UV levels that reach the earth’s surface vary spatially, but the role of UV exposure in shaping clinal variations in animal pigmentation has never been tested. Here, we show at a continental scale in Europe that golden eagles Aquila chrysaetos reared in territories with a high solar UV-B radiation exposure deposit lower amounts of the sulphurated form of melanin (pheomelanin) in feathers and consequently develop darker plumage phenotypes than eagles from territories with lower radiation exposure. This clinal variation in pigmentation is also explained by terrestrial γ radiation levels in the rearing territories by a similar effect on the pheomelanin content of feathers, unveiling natural radioactivity as a previously unsuspected factor shaping animal pigmentation. These findings show for the first time the potential of solar and terrestrial radiations to explain pigmentation phenotype diversity in animals, including humans, at large spatial scales.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Science + Business Media</pub><pmid>30094635</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00442-018-4238-8</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6523-8592</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Oecologia, 2018-11, Vol.188 (3), p.683-693 |
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| language | eng |
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| subjects | Animals Aquila chrysaetos Background radiation Biomedical and Life Sciences Colour Eagles Earth Earth surface Ecology Exposure Feathers Free radicals Hydrology/Water Resources Individual rearing Integument Ionizing radiation Life Sciences Melanin Natural radioactivity Phenotypes Pheomelanin PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY - ORIGINAL RESEARCH Pigmentation Pigments Plant Sciences Plumage Radiation damage Radiation effects Radiation measurement Radioactivity Ultraviolet radiation Variation γ Radiation |
| title | Solar and terrestrial radiations explain continental-scale variation in bird pigmentation |
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