The decline and recovery of four predatory fishes from the Southern California Bight

What to do about fisheries collapse and the decline of large fishes in marine ecosystems is a critical debate on a global scale. To address one aspect of this debate, a major fisheries management action, the removal of gill nets in 1994 from the nearshore arena in the Southern California Bight (34°2...

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Veröffentlicht in:Marine biology 2008-04, Vol.154 (2), p.307-313
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description What to do about fisheries collapse and the decline of large fishes in marine ecosystems is a critical debate on a global scale. To address one aspect of this debate, a major fisheries management action, the removal of gill nets in 1994 from the nearshore arena in the Southern California Bight (34°26′30″N, 120°27′09″W to 33°32′03″N, 117°07′28″W) was analyzed. First, the impetus for the gill net ban was the crash of the commercial fishery for white seabass ( Atractoscion nobilis ; Sciaenidae) in the early 1980s. From 1982 to 1997 catch remained at a historically low level (47.8 ± 3.0 mt) when compared to landings from 1936–1981, but increased significantly from 1995–2004 ( r  = 0.89, P  
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To address one aspect of this debate, a major fisheries management action, the removal of gill nets in 1994 from the nearshore arena in the Southern California Bight (34°26′30″N, 120°27′09″W to 33°32′03″N, 117°07′28″W) was analyzed. First, the impetus for the gill net ban was the crash of the commercial fishery for white seabass ( Atractoscion nobilis ; Sciaenidae) in the early 1980s. From 1982 to 1997 catch remained at a historically low level (47.8 ± 3.0 mt) when compared to landings from 1936–1981, but increased significantly from 1995–2004 ( r  = 0.89, P  &lt; 0.01) to within the 95% confidence limit of the historic California landings. After the white seabass fishery crashed in the early 1980s, landings of soupfin ( Galeorhinus galeus ; Triakidae) and leopard shark ( Triakis semifasciata ; Triakidae) also significantly declined ( r  = 0.95, P  &lt; 0.01 and r  = 0.91, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively) until the gill net closure. After the closure both soupfin and leopard shark significantly increased in CPUE ( r  = 0.72, P  = 0.02 and r  = 0.87, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively). Finally, giant sea bass ( Stereolepis gigas ; Polyprionidae) the apex predatory fish in this ecosystem, which was protected from commercial and recreational fishing in 1981, were not observed in a quarterly scientific SCUBA monitoring program from 1974 to 2001 but reappeared in 2002–2004. In addition, CPUE of giant seabass increased significantly from 1995 to 2004 ( r  = 0.82, P  &lt; 0.01) in the gill net monitoring program. The trends in abundance of these fishes return were not correlated with sea surface temperature (SST), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) or the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). All four species increased significantly in either commercial catch, CPUE, or in the SCUBA monitoring program after the 1994 gill net closure, whereas they had declined significantly, crashed, or were absent prior to this action. 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To address one aspect of this debate, a major fisheries management action, the removal of gill nets in 1994 from the nearshore arena in the Southern California Bight (34°26′30″N, 120°27′09″W to 33°32′03″N, 117°07′28″W) was analyzed. First, the impetus for the gill net ban was the crash of the commercial fishery for white seabass ( Atractoscion nobilis ; Sciaenidae) in the early 1980s. From 1982 to 1997 catch remained at a historically low level (47.8 ± 3.0 mt) when compared to landings from 1936–1981, but increased significantly from 1995–2004 ( r  = 0.89, P  &lt; 0.01) to within the 95% confidence limit of the historic California landings. After the white seabass fishery crashed in the early 1980s, landings of soupfin ( Galeorhinus galeus ; Triakidae) and leopard shark ( Triakis semifasciata ; Triakidae) also significantly declined ( r  = 0.95, P  &lt; 0.01 and r  = 0.91, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively) until the gill net closure. After the closure both soupfin and leopard shark significantly increased in CPUE ( r  = 0.72, P  = 0.02 and r  = 0.87, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively). Finally, giant sea bass ( Stereolepis gigas ; Polyprionidae) the apex predatory fish in this ecosystem, which was protected from commercial and recreational fishing in 1981, were not observed in a quarterly scientific SCUBA monitoring program from 1974 to 2001 but reappeared in 2002–2004. In addition, CPUE of giant seabass increased significantly from 1995 to 2004 ( r  = 0.82, P  &lt; 0.01) in the gill net monitoring program. The trends in abundance of these fishes return were not correlated with sea surface temperature (SST), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) or the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). All four species increased significantly in either commercial catch, CPUE, or in the SCUBA monitoring program after the 1994 gill net closure, whereas they had declined significantly, crashed, or were absent prior to this action. 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To address one aspect of this debate, a major fisheries management action, the removal of gill nets in 1994 from the nearshore arena in the Southern California Bight (34°26′30″N, 120°27′09″W to 33°32′03″N, 117°07′28″W) was analyzed. First, the impetus for the gill net ban was the crash of the commercial fishery for white seabass ( Atractoscion nobilis ; Sciaenidae) in the early 1980s. From 1982 to 1997 catch remained at a historically low level (47.8 ± 3.0 mt) when compared to landings from 1936–1981, but increased significantly from 1995–2004 ( r  = 0.89, P  &lt; 0.01) to within the 95% confidence limit of the historic California landings. After the white seabass fishery crashed in the early 1980s, landings of soupfin ( Galeorhinus galeus ; Triakidae) and leopard shark ( Triakis semifasciata ; Triakidae) also significantly declined ( r  = 0.95, P  &lt; 0.01 and r  = 0.91, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively) until the gill net closure. After the closure both soupfin and leopard shark significantly increased in CPUE ( r  = 0.72, P  = 0.02 and r  = 0.87, P  &lt; 0.01, respectively). Finally, giant sea bass ( Stereolepis gigas ; Polyprionidae) the apex predatory fish in this ecosystem, which was protected from commercial and recreational fishing in 1981, were not observed in a quarterly scientific SCUBA monitoring program from 1974 to 2001 but reappeared in 2002–2004. In addition, CPUE of giant seabass increased significantly from 1995 to 2004 ( r  = 0.82, P  &lt; 0.01) in the gill net monitoring program. The trends in abundance of these fishes return were not correlated with sea surface temperature (SST), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) or the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). All four species increased significantly in either commercial catch, CPUE, or in the SCUBA monitoring program after the 1994 gill net closure, whereas they had declined significantly, crashed, or were absent prior to this action. This suggests that removing gill nets from coastal ecosystems has a positive impact on large marine fishes.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><doi>10.1007/s00227-008-0924-0</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Agnatha. Pisces
Animal and plant ecology
Animal populations
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Atractoscion nobilis
Biological and medical sciences
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Coastal ecosystems
Commercial fishing
Dicentrarchus labrax
Ecology
El Nino
Fisheries
Fisheries management
Fishing nets
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Galeorhinus galeus
Life Sciences
Marine
Marine & Freshwater Sciences
Marine biology
Marine ecosystems
Marine fish
Microbiology
Oceanography
Pisces
Predation
Research Article
Sciaenidae
Sea surface temperature
Sea water ecosystems
Sharks
Southern Oscillation
Sport fishing
Stereolepis gigas
Synecology
Triakidae
Triakis semifasciata
Vertebrates: general zoology, morphology, phylogeny, systematics, cytogenetics, geographical distribution
Zoology
title The decline and recovery of four predatory fishes from the Southern California Bight
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