Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-Trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula
In mammals, retinoic acid is involved in the regulation of testicular function by interaction with two families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR). Among RAR isoforms, the testicular cells of the lizard were found to express only RARα (3.7 kb) and RARβ (...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology Comparative experimental biology, 2006-03, Vol.305A (3), p.288-298 |
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description | In mammals, retinoic acid is involved in the regulation of testicular function by interaction with two families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR). Among RAR isoforms, the testicular cells of the lizard were found to express only RARα (3.7 kb) and RARβ (3.4 kb) mRNAs, as reported here. In this study, the effects of exogenous all‐trans‐retinoic acid (atRA) on spermatogenesis of a non‐mammalian seasonal reproducer were investigated. Daily intraperitoneal injections of atRA or atRA plus testosterone (atRA+T) were given for 2 weeks to adult males of the lizard Podarcis sicula. In animals treated with atRA, the seminiferous tubules were markedly reduced in cross‐area. The seminiferous epithelium collapse was responsible for a sensible reduction in the number of germ cells and disruption in normal epithelial organization. In comparison, in atRA+T‐treated lizards the loss of germinal cells was significantly less. The loss of germ cells observed in both experimental groups results from an induction of apoptotic process, as revealed by TUNEL analysis. Although low in number, apoptotic germ cells were also observed in the control groups (saline‐ and T‐treated lizard), where the main germ cells undergoing apoptosis are primary spermatocytes (most frequently) and some spermatogonia.
In conclusion, it is shown here that retinoic acid has deleterious effects on lizard spermatogenesis, causing a severe depletion of seminiferous epithelium, probably via induction of apoptotic processes. These effects are not completely inhibited by simultaneous administration of testosterone, although this hormone, once injected, is able to stimulate spermatogenesis and protect germinal cells from apoptotic cell death. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:288–298, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/jez.a.264 |
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In conclusion, it is shown here that retinoic acid has deleterious effects on lizard spermatogenesis, causing a severe depletion of seminiferous epithelium, probably via induction of apoptotic processes. These effects are not completely inhibited by simultaneous administration of testosterone, although this hormone, once injected, is able to stimulate spermatogenesis and protect germinal cells from apoptotic cell death. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:288–298, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1548-8969</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1932-5223</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-499X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-5231</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.264</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16432891</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><subject>Animals ; Apoptosis - drug effects ; Apoptosis - physiology ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Proliferation - drug effects ; Germ Cells - cytology ; Germ Cells - drug effects ; Germ Cells - metabolism ; Germ Cells - physiology ; Histocytochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Lacertilia ; Lizards - metabolism ; Lizards - physiology ; Male ; Organ Size - drug effects ; Podarcis sicula ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid - physiology ; RNA - chemistry ; RNA - genetics ; Seminiferous Epithelium - cytology ; Seminiferous Epithelium - drug effects ; Seminiferous Epithelium - metabolism ; Seminiferous Epithelium - physiology ; Spermatogenesis - drug effects ; Testosterone - pharmacology ; Tretinoin - toxicity</subject><ispartof>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology, 2006-03, Vol.305A (3), p.288-298</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company</rights><rights>Copyright 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fjez.a.264$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fjez.a.264$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16432891$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Comitato, Raffaella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esposito, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cerbo, Giovanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angelini, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varriale, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardone, Anna</creatorcontrib><title>Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-Trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula</title><title>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</title><addtitle>J. Exp. Zool</addtitle><description>In mammals, retinoic acid is involved in the regulation of testicular function by interaction with two families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR). Among RAR isoforms, the testicular cells of the lizard were found to express only RARα (3.7 kb) and RARβ (3.4 kb) mRNAs, as reported here. In this study, the effects of exogenous all‐trans‐retinoic acid (atRA) on spermatogenesis of a non‐mammalian seasonal reproducer were investigated. Daily intraperitoneal injections of atRA or atRA plus testosterone (atRA+T) were given for 2 weeks to adult males of the lizard Podarcis sicula. In animals treated with atRA, the seminiferous tubules were markedly reduced in cross‐area. The seminiferous epithelium collapse was responsible for a sensible reduction in the number of germ cells and disruption in normal epithelial organization. In comparison, in atRA+T‐treated lizards the loss of germinal cells was significantly less. The loss of germ cells observed in both experimental groups results from an induction of apoptotic process, as revealed by TUNEL analysis. Although low in number, apoptotic germ cells were also observed in the control groups (saline‐ and T‐treated lizard), where the main germ cells undergoing apoptosis are primary spermatocytes (most frequently) and some spermatogonia.
In conclusion, it is shown here that retinoic acid has deleterious effects on lizard spermatogenesis, causing a severe depletion of seminiferous epithelium, probably via induction of apoptotic processes. These effects are not completely inhibited by simultaneous administration of testosterone, although this hormone, once injected, is able to stimulate spermatogenesis and protect germinal cells from apoptotic cell death. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:288–298, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Apoptosis - physiology</subject><subject>Blotting, Northern</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</subject><subject>Germ Cells - cytology</subject><subject>Germ Cells - drug effects</subject><subject>Germ Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Germ Cells - physiology</subject><subject>Histocytochemistry</subject><subject>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</subject><subject>Lacertilia</subject><subject>Lizards - metabolism</subject><subject>Lizards - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Organ Size - drug effects</subject><subject>Podarcis sicula</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics</subject><subject>Receptors, Retinoic Acid - physiology</subject><subject>RNA - chemistry</subject><subject>RNA - genetics</subject><subject>Seminiferous Epithelium - cytology</subject><subject>Seminiferous Epithelium - drug effects</subject><subject>Seminiferous Epithelium - metabolism</subject><subject>Seminiferous Epithelium - physiology</subject><subject>Spermatogenesis - drug effects</subject><subject>Testosterone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Tretinoin - toxicity</subject><issn>1548-8969</issn><issn>1932-5223</issn><issn>1552-499X</issn><issn>1932-5231</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkctu1jAQhS0EohdY8ALIK3b5seNL7CUqvaEKkGgLYmNNbKe4JE6wE9G_z8LD4tCWrsbSfD4zZw5CryjZUELqt9f-dgObWvInaJcKUVdc629P1zdXldJS76C9nK8LKongz9EOlZzVStNd9Od0mCCkwccZjx3Ok08DzOOVjz6HjCE67OMPiNY_ILPPc7BLDwlfFRhb3_cYpnGax_VHiG6x3uF2i_3NqjMuRabvq_MEMVfJzyGOwWKwwRUYg1v6GffhFpLDn0cHyRaV_G_CC_Ssgz77l_d1H10cHZ4fnFRnn45PD96dVYEVJ5WrldfAiWYMqNI14bQh2gpLWskJEQ0nzDIndC060opWlRMJ0TWqAUJp17F99OZOd0rjr6X4M0PIqy-IvqxvaqIIq6Uq4Ot7cGkH78yUwgBpax7uWYDqDvgder997BOzBmVKUAZMCcp8OPxeyiMf8uxv_vOQfhrZsEaYrx-PjT56f0m_KGkk-wuU_ZbN</recordid><startdate>20060301</startdate><enddate>20060301</enddate><creator>Comitato, Raffaella</creator><creator>Esposito, Teresa</creator><creator>Cerbo, Giovanna</creator><creator>Angelini, Francesco</creator><creator>Varriale, Bruno</creator><creator>Cardone, Anna</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20060301</creationdate><title>Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-Trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula</title><author>Comitato, Raffaella ; Esposito, Teresa ; Cerbo, Giovanna ; Angelini, Francesco ; Varriale, Bruno ; Cardone, Anna</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-i3164-d28e9a40933a1892041709c5c0b640057403c3d5925f0b5b855255f787a011ff3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Apoptosis - physiology</topic><topic>Blotting, Northern</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - drug effects</topic><topic>Germ Cells - cytology</topic><topic>Germ Cells - drug effects</topic><topic>Germ Cells - metabolism</topic><topic>Germ Cells - physiology</topic><topic>Histocytochemistry</topic><topic>In Situ Nick-End Labeling</topic><topic>Lacertilia</topic><topic>Lizards - metabolism</topic><topic>Lizards - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Organ Size - drug effects</topic><topic>Podarcis sicula</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics</topic><topic>Receptors, Retinoic Acid - physiology</topic><topic>RNA - chemistry</topic><topic>RNA - genetics</topic><topic>Seminiferous Epithelium - cytology</topic><topic>Seminiferous Epithelium - drug effects</topic><topic>Seminiferous Epithelium - metabolism</topic><topic>Seminiferous Epithelium - physiology</topic><topic>Spermatogenesis - drug effects</topic><topic>Testosterone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Tretinoin - toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Comitato, Raffaella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Esposito, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cerbo, Giovanna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angelini, Francesco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varriale, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cardone, Anna</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Comitato, Raffaella</au><au>Esposito, Teresa</au><au>Cerbo, Giovanna</au><au>Angelini, Francesco</au><au>Varriale, Bruno</au><au>Cardone, Anna</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-Trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula</atitle><jtitle>Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Comparative experimental biology</jtitle><addtitle>J. Exp. Zool</addtitle><date>2006-03-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>305A</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>288</spage><epage>298</epage><pages>288-298</pages><issn>1548-8969</issn><issn>1932-5223</issn><eissn>1552-499X</eissn><eissn>1932-5231</eissn><abstract>In mammals, retinoic acid is involved in the regulation of testicular function by interaction with two families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR). Among RAR isoforms, the testicular cells of the lizard were found to express only RARα (3.7 kb) and RARβ (3.4 kb) mRNAs, as reported here. In this study, the effects of exogenous all‐trans‐retinoic acid (atRA) on spermatogenesis of a non‐mammalian seasonal reproducer were investigated. Daily intraperitoneal injections of atRA or atRA plus testosterone (atRA+T) were given for 2 weeks to adult males of the lizard Podarcis sicula. In animals treated with atRA, the seminiferous tubules were markedly reduced in cross‐area. The seminiferous epithelium collapse was responsible for a sensible reduction in the number of germ cells and disruption in normal epithelial organization. In comparison, in atRA+T‐treated lizards the loss of germinal cells was significantly less. The loss of germ cells observed in both experimental groups results from an induction of apoptotic process, as revealed by TUNEL analysis. Although low in number, apoptotic germ cells were also observed in the control groups (saline‐ and T‐treated lizard), where the main germ cells undergoing apoptosis are primary spermatocytes (most frequently) and some spermatogonia.
In conclusion, it is shown here that retinoic acid has deleterious effects on lizard spermatogenesis, causing a severe depletion of seminiferous epithelium, probably via induction of apoptotic processes. These effects are not completely inhibited by simultaneous administration of testosterone, although this hormone, once injected, is able to stimulate spermatogenesis and protect germinal cells from apoptotic cell death. J. Exp. Zool. 305A:288–298, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</pub><pmid>16432891</pmid><doi>10.1002/jez.a.264</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Apoptosis - drug effects Apoptosis - physiology Blotting, Northern Cell Proliferation - drug effects Germ Cells - cytology Germ Cells - drug effects Germ Cells - metabolism Germ Cells - physiology Histocytochemistry In Situ Nick-End Labeling Lacertilia Lizards - metabolism Lizards - physiology Male Organ Size - drug effects Podarcis sicula Random Allocation Receptors, Retinoic Acid - genetics Receptors, Retinoic Acid - physiology RNA - chemistry RNA - genetics Seminiferous Epithelium - cytology Seminiferous Epithelium - drug effects Seminiferous Epithelium - metabolism Seminiferous Epithelium - physiology Spermatogenesis - drug effects Testosterone - pharmacology Tretinoin - toxicity |
title | Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-Trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula |
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