Life-Cycle Effects of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) on an Estuarine Meiobenthic Copepod
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are finding increasing use in consumer electronics and structural composites. These nanomaterials and their manufacturing byproducts may eventually reach estuarine systems through wastewater discharge. The acute and chronic toxicity of SWNTs were evaluated using...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2006-12, Vol.40 (23), p.7387-7393 |
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| creator | Templeton, Ryan C Ferguson, P. Lee Washburn, Kate M Scrivens, Wally A Chandler, G. Thomas |
| description | Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are finding increasing use in consumer electronics and structural composites. These nanomaterials and their manufacturing byproducts may eventually reach estuarine systems through wastewater discharge. The acute and chronic toxicity of SWNTs were evaluated using full life-cycle bioassays with the estuarine copepod Amphiascus tenuiremis (ASTM method E-2317-04). A synchronous cohort of naupliar larvae was assayed by culturing individual larvae to adulthood in individual 96-well microplate wells amended with SWNTs in seawater. Copepods were exposed to “as prepared” (AP) SWNTs, electrophoretically purified SWNTs, or a fluorescent fraction of nanocarbon synthetic byproducts. Copepods ingesting purified SWNTs showed no significant effects on mortality, development, and reproduction across exposures (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es060407p |
| format | Article |
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Lee ; Washburn, Kate M ; Scrivens, Wally A ; Chandler, G. Thomas</creator><creatorcontrib>Templeton, Ryan C ; Ferguson, P. Lee ; Washburn, Kate M ; Scrivens, Wally A ; Chandler, G. Thomas</creatorcontrib><description>Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are finding increasing use in consumer electronics and structural composites. These nanomaterials and their manufacturing byproducts may eventually reach estuarine systems through wastewater discharge. The acute and chronic toxicity of SWNTs were evaluated using full life-cycle bioassays with the estuarine copepod Amphiascus tenuiremis (ASTM method E-2317-04). A synchronous cohort of naupliar larvae was assayed by culturing individual larvae to adulthood in individual 96-well microplate wells amended with SWNTs in seawater. Copepods were exposed to “as prepared” (AP) SWNTs, electrophoretically purified SWNTs, or a fluorescent fraction of nanocarbon synthetic byproducts. Copepods ingesting purified SWNTs showed no significant effects on mortality, development, and reproduction across exposures (p<0.05). In contrast, exposure to the more complex AP-SWNT mixture significantly increased life-cycle mortality, reduced fertilization rates, and reduced molting success in the highest exposure (10 mg·L-1) (p<0.05). Exposure to small fluorescent nanocarbon byproducts caused significantly increased life-cycle mortality at 10 mg·L-1 (p<0.05). The fluorescent nanocarbon fraction also caused significant reduction in life-cycle molting success for all exposures (p<0.05). These results suggest size-dependent toxicity of SWNT-based nanomaterials, with the smallest synthetic byproduct fractions causing increased mortality and delayed copepod development over the concentration ranges tested.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es060407p</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17180993</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Amphiascus tenuiremis ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Brackish ; By products ; Carbon ; Copepoda ; Copepoda - drug effects ; Crustaceans ; Fertility - drug effects ; Life Cycle Stages - drug effects ; Linear Models ; Marine ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Mortality ; Nanomaterials ; Nanotubes ; Nanotubes, Carbon - toxicity ; Product life cycle ; Toxicity ; Toxicity Tests</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2006-12, Vol.40 (23), p.7387-7393</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2006 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Dec 1, 2006</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a440t-4112512a92b982e4a8f5397bd6a60dc4298b803d09fbfb61c37b1ac0e39910283</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a440t-4112512a92b982e4a8f5397bd6a60dc4298b803d09fbfb61c37b1ac0e39910283</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es060407p$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es060407p$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,2766,27081,27929,27930,56743,56793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17180993$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Templeton, Ryan C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, P. 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Copepods were exposed to “as prepared” (AP) SWNTs, electrophoretically purified SWNTs, or a fluorescent fraction of nanocarbon synthetic byproducts. Copepods ingesting purified SWNTs showed no significant effects on mortality, development, and reproduction across exposures (p<0.05). In contrast, exposure to the more complex AP-SWNT mixture significantly increased life-cycle mortality, reduced fertilization rates, and reduced molting success in the highest exposure (10 mg·L-1) (p<0.05). Exposure to small fluorescent nanocarbon byproducts caused significantly increased life-cycle mortality at 10 mg·L-1 (p<0.05). The fluorescent nanocarbon fraction also caused significant reduction in life-cycle molting success for all exposures (p<0.05). These results suggest size-dependent toxicity of SWNT-based nanomaterials, with the smallest synthetic byproduct fractions causing increased mortality and delayed copepod development over the concentration ranges tested.</description><subject>Amphiascus tenuiremis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological Assay</subject><subject>Brackish</subject><subject>By products</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Copepoda</subject><subject>Copepoda - drug effects</subject><subject>Crustaceans</subject><subject>Fertility - drug effects</subject><subject>Life Cycle Stages - drug effects</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Microscopy, Confocal</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>Nanotubes, Carbon - toxicity</subject><subject>Product life cycle</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Toxicity Tests</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2006</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U1v1DAQBmALgejScuAPIAsJRA-B8VdiH6toS5G2S6Vd1N6MnUwgJRuHOJHov8doV61ED5wseR6NPfMS8orBBwacfcQIOUgohidkwRSHTGnFnpIFABOZEfnNEXkR4y0AcAH6OTliBdNgjFiQb6u2way8qzqky6bBaoo0NHTT9t87zK5d12FNSzf60NO168M0e4z0_eZ6vY2nNF26ni7jNLux7ZFeYhs89tOPtqJlGHAI9Ql51rgu4svDeUy-ni-35UW2-vLpc3m2ypyUMGWSMa4Yd4Z7ozlKpxslTOHr3OVQV5Ib7TWIGkzjG5-zShSeuQpQGJN2oMUxebfvO4zh14xxsrs2Vth1rscwR8uhUEYq9V_IpAae9pTgm3_gbZjHPg1hU5lJw5RM6HSPqjHEOGJjh7HdufHOMrB_w7H34ST7-tBw9jusH-QhjQSyPWjjhL_v6278afNCFMpurzb24mZtivI8t-vk3-69q-LD5x4__AdE36Ia</recordid><startdate>20061201</startdate><enddate>20061201</enddate><creator>Templeton, Ryan C</creator><creator>Ferguson, P. 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Thomas</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a440t-4112512a92b982e4a8f5397bd6a60dc4298b803d09fbfb61c37b1ac0e39910283</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2006</creationdate><topic>Amphiascus tenuiremis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological Assay</topic><topic>Brackish</topic><topic>By products</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Copepoda</topic><topic>Copepoda - drug effects</topic><topic>Crustaceans</topic><topic>Fertility - drug effects</topic><topic>Life Cycle Stages - drug effects</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Microscopy, Confocal</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Nanotubes</topic><topic>Nanotubes, Carbon - toxicity</topic><topic>Product life cycle</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Toxicity Tests</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Templeton, Ryan C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ferguson, P. 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Lee</au><au>Washburn, Kate M</au><au>Scrivens, Wally A</au><au>Chandler, G. Thomas</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Life-Cycle Effects of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) on an Estuarine Meiobenthic Copepod</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science & technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2006-12-01</date><risdate>2006</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>7387</spage><epage>7393</epage><pages>7387-7393</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) are finding increasing use in consumer electronics and structural composites. These nanomaterials and their manufacturing byproducts may eventually reach estuarine systems through wastewater discharge. The acute and chronic toxicity of SWNTs were evaluated using full life-cycle bioassays with the estuarine copepod Amphiascus tenuiremis (ASTM method E-2317-04). A synchronous cohort of naupliar larvae was assayed by culturing individual larvae to adulthood in individual 96-well microplate wells amended with SWNTs in seawater. Copepods were exposed to “as prepared” (AP) SWNTs, electrophoretically purified SWNTs, or a fluorescent fraction of nanocarbon synthetic byproducts. Copepods ingesting purified SWNTs showed no significant effects on mortality, development, and reproduction across exposures (p<0.05). In contrast, exposure to the more complex AP-SWNT mixture significantly increased life-cycle mortality, reduced fertilization rates, and reduced molting success in the highest exposure (10 mg·L-1) (p<0.05). Exposure to small fluorescent nanocarbon byproducts caused significantly increased life-cycle mortality at 10 mg·L-1 (p<0.05). The fluorescent nanocarbon fraction also caused significant reduction in life-cycle molting success for all exposures (p<0.05). 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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2006-12, Vol.40 (23), p.7387-7393 |
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| subjects | Amphiascus tenuiremis Animals Biological Assay Brackish By products Carbon Copepoda Copepoda - drug effects Crustaceans Fertility - drug effects Life Cycle Stages - drug effects Linear Models Marine Microscopy, Confocal Mortality Nanomaterials Nanotubes Nanotubes, Carbon - toxicity Product life cycle Toxicity Toxicity Tests |
| title | Life-Cycle Effects of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWNTs) on an Estuarine Meiobenthic Copepod |
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