Influence of nitrogen source on photochemistry and antenna size of the photosystems in marine green macroalgae, Ulva lactuca
Ulva lactuca is regarded as a prospective energy crop for biorefinery owing to its affluent biochemical composition and high growth rate. In fast-growing macroalgae, biomass development strictly depends on external nitrogen pools. Additionally, nitrogen uptake rates and photosynthetic pigment conten...
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creator | Mhatre, Akanksha Patil, Smita Agarwal, Akanksha Pandit, Reena Lali, Arvind M. |
description | Ulva lactuca
is regarded as a prospective energy crop for biorefinery owing to its affluent biochemical composition and high growth rate. In fast-growing macroalgae, biomass development strictly depends on external nitrogen pools. Additionally, nitrogen uptake rates and photosynthetic pigment content vary with type of nitrogen source and light conditions. However, the combined influence of nitrogen source and light intensity on photosynthesis is not widely studied. In present study, pale green phenotype of
U. lactuca
was obtained under high light (HL) condition when inorganic nitrogen (nitrate) in the media was substituted with organic nitrogen (urea). Further, pale green phenotype survived the saturating light intensities in contrast to the normal pigmented control which bleached in HL. Detailed analysis of biochemical composition and photosynthesis was performed to understand functional antenna size and photoprotection in pale green phenotype. Under HL, urea-grown cultures exhibited increased growth rate, carbohydrate and lipid content while substantial reduction in protein, chlorophyll content and PSII antenna size was observed. Further, in vivo slow and polyphasic chlorophyll
a
(Chl
a
) fluorescence studies revealed reduction in excitation pressure on PSII along with low non-photochemical quenching thus, transmitting most of the absorbed energy into photochemistry. The results obtained could be correlated to previous report on cultivation of
U. lactuca
through saturating summer intensities (1000 µmole photons m
−2
s
−1
) in urea based: poultry litter extract (PLE). Having proved critical role of urea in conforming photoprotection, the application PLE was authenticated for futuristic, sustainable and year-round biomass cultivation.
Graphical Abstract |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11120-018-0554-4 |
format | Article |
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is regarded as a prospective energy crop for biorefinery owing to its affluent biochemical composition and high growth rate. In fast-growing macroalgae, biomass development strictly depends on external nitrogen pools. Additionally, nitrogen uptake rates and photosynthetic pigment content vary with type of nitrogen source and light conditions. However, the combined influence of nitrogen source and light intensity on photosynthesis is not widely studied. In present study, pale green phenotype of
U. lactuca
was obtained under high light (HL) condition when inorganic nitrogen (nitrate) in the media was substituted with organic nitrogen (urea). Further, pale green phenotype survived the saturating light intensities in contrast to the normal pigmented control which bleached in HL. Detailed analysis of biochemical composition and photosynthesis was performed to understand functional antenna size and photoprotection in pale green phenotype. Under HL, urea-grown cultures exhibited increased growth rate, carbohydrate and lipid content while substantial reduction in protein, chlorophyll content and PSII antenna size was observed. Further, in vivo slow and polyphasic chlorophyll
a
(Chl
a
) fluorescence studies revealed reduction in excitation pressure on PSII along with low non-photochemical quenching thus, transmitting most of the absorbed energy into photochemistry. The results obtained could be correlated to previous report on cultivation of
U. lactuca
through saturating summer intensities (1000 µmole photons m
−2
s
−1
) in urea based: poultry litter extract (PLE). Having proved critical role of urea in conforming photoprotection, the application PLE was authenticated for futuristic, sustainable and year-round biomass cultivation.
Graphical Abstract</description><identifier>ISSN: 0166-8595</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-5079</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0554-4</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29987549</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Algae ; Antennas (Electronics) ; Biochemistry ; Biomass ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Chlorophyll ; Chlorophyll - metabolism ; Culture media ; Fluorescence ; Genotype & phenotype ; Growth rate ; Life Sciences ; Light intensity ; Nitrogen ; Original Article ; Phenotypes ; Photochemistry ; Photochemistry - methods ; Photons ; Photosynthesis ; Photosynthesis - physiology ; Photosystem II ; Plant biochemistry ; Plant Genetics and Genomics ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Seaweed - metabolism ; Seaweeds ; Ulva lactuca ; Urea</subject><ispartof>Photosynthesis research, 2019-03, Vol.139 (1-3), p.539-551</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature B.V. 2018</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 Springer</rights><rights>Photosynthesis Research is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-4612264d402cb0955df15807e20fd739d34dacbd90455ee5e6f2ae733d24ff323</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-4612264d402cb0955df15807e20fd739d34dacbd90455ee5e6f2ae733d24ff323</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11120-018-0554-4$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11120-018-0554-4$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29987549$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mhatre, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patil, Smita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandit, Reena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lali, Arvind M.</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of nitrogen source on photochemistry and antenna size of the photosystems in marine green macroalgae, Ulva lactuca</title><title>Photosynthesis research</title><addtitle>Photosynth Res</addtitle><addtitle>Photosynth Res</addtitle><description>Ulva lactuca
is regarded as a prospective energy crop for biorefinery owing to its affluent biochemical composition and high growth rate. In fast-growing macroalgae, biomass development strictly depends on external nitrogen pools. Additionally, nitrogen uptake rates and photosynthetic pigment content vary with type of nitrogen source and light conditions. However, the combined influence of nitrogen source and light intensity on photosynthesis is not widely studied. In present study, pale green phenotype of
U. lactuca
was obtained under high light (HL) condition when inorganic nitrogen (nitrate) in the media was substituted with organic nitrogen (urea). Further, pale green phenotype survived the saturating light intensities in contrast to the normal pigmented control which bleached in HL. Detailed analysis of biochemical composition and photosynthesis was performed to understand functional antenna size and photoprotection in pale green phenotype. Under HL, urea-grown cultures exhibited increased growth rate, carbohydrate and lipid content while substantial reduction in protein, chlorophyll content and PSII antenna size was observed. Further, in vivo slow and polyphasic chlorophyll
a
(Chl
a
) fluorescence studies revealed reduction in excitation pressure on PSII along with low non-photochemical quenching thus, transmitting most of the absorbed energy into photochemistry. The results obtained could be correlated to previous report on cultivation of
U. lactuca
through saturating summer intensities (1000 µmole photons m
−2
s
−1
) in urea based: poultry litter extract (PLE). Having proved critical role of urea in conforming photoprotection, the application PLE was authenticated for futuristic, sustainable and year-round biomass cultivation.
Graphical Abstract</description><subject>Algae</subject><subject>Antennas (Electronics)</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Chlorophyll</subject><subject>Chlorophyll - metabolism</subject><subject>Culture media</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Light intensity</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Photochemistry</subject><subject>Photochemistry - methods</subject><subject>Photons</subject><subject>Photosynthesis</subject><subject>Photosynthesis - physiology</subject><subject>Photosystem II</subject><subject>Plant biochemistry</subject><subject>Plant Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Seaweed - metabolism</subject><subject>Seaweeds</subject><subject>Ulva lactuca</subject><subject>Urea</subject><issn>0166-8595</issn><issn>1573-5079</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV1rFDEUhgdRbK3-AG8k4I2CU5NMvuayFD8WCoLa65BNTmanzCZrkhFX_PFmnKpUkBBCkuc9nPO-TfOU4HOCsXydCSEUt5ioFnPOWnavOSVcdi3Hsr_fnGIiRKt4z0-aRznfYIyVIN3D5oT2vZKc9afNj03w0wzBAooehbGkOEBAOc5peQrosIsl2h3sx1zSEZng6i4QgkF5_P5LVXawYvmYC-wzGgPamzQGQEMCWC42RTMNBl6h6-mrQZOxZbbmcfPAmynDk9vzrLl---bz5fv26sO7zeXFVWsZ46VlglAqmGOY2i3uOXeecIUlUOyd7HrXMWfs1vWYcQ7AQXhqQHado8z7jnZnzYu17iHFLzPkous0FqbJBIhz1hQLqZTAVFT0-T_oTbUi1O4WSigpqFoKnq_UYCbQY_CxJGPrctUnGwP4sb5fcEl7pSgnVfDyjqAyBb6Vwcw5682nj3dZsrLVtJwTeH1IY_XzqAnWS-56zV3X3PWSu2ZV8-y27Xm7B_dH8TvoCtAVyPUrDJD-zvX_qj8BjrW34A</recordid><startdate>20190301</startdate><enddate>20190301</enddate><creator>Mhatre, Akanksha</creator><creator>Patil, Smita</creator><creator>Agarwal, Akanksha</creator><creator>Pandit, Reena</creator><creator>Lali, Arvind M.</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190301</creationdate><title>Influence of nitrogen source on photochemistry and antenna size of the photosystems in marine green macroalgae, Ulva lactuca</title><author>Mhatre, Akanksha ; Patil, Smita ; Agarwal, Akanksha ; Pandit, Reena ; Lali, Arvind M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-4612264d402cb0955df15807e20fd739d34dacbd90455ee5e6f2ae733d24ff323</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Algae</topic><topic>Antennas (Electronics)</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Chlorophyll</topic><topic>Chlorophyll - metabolism</topic><topic>Culture media</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Light intensity</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Photochemistry</topic><topic>Photochemistry - methods</topic><topic>Photons</topic><topic>Photosynthesis</topic><topic>Photosynthesis - physiology</topic><topic>Photosystem II</topic><topic>Plant biochemistry</topic><topic>Plant Genetics and Genomics</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Seaweed - metabolism</topic><topic>Seaweeds</topic><topic>Ulva lactuca</topic><topic>Urea</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mhatre, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patil, Smita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Akanksha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandit, Reena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lali, Arvind M.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Photosynthesis research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mhatre, Akanksha</au><au>Patil, Smita</au><au>Agarwal, Akanksha</au><au>Pandit, Reena</au><au>Lali, Arvind M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of nitrogen source on photochemistry and antenna size of the photosystems in marine green macroalgae, Ulva lactuca</atitle><jtitle>Photosynthesis research</jtitle><stitle>Photosynth Res</stitle><addtitle>Photosynth Res</addtitle><date>2019-03-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>139</volume><issue>1-3</issue><spage>539</spage><epage>551</epage><pages>539-551</pages><issn>0166-8595</issn><eissn>1573-5079</eissn><abstract>Ulva lactuca
is regarded as a prospective energy crop for biorefinery owing to its affluent biochemical composition and high growth rate. In fast-growing macroalgae, biomass development strictly depends on external nitrogen pools. Additionally, nitrogen uptake rates and photosynthetic pigment content vary with type of nitrogen source and light conditions. However, the combined influence of nitrogen source and light intensity on photosynthesis is not widely studied. In present study, pale green phenotype of
U. lactuca
was obtained under high light (HL) condition when inorganic nitrogen (nitrate) in the media was substituted with organic nitrogen (urea). Further, pale green phenotype survived the saturating light intensities in contrast to the normal pigmented control which bleached in HL. Detailed analysis of biochemical composition and photosynthesis was performed to understand functional antenna size and photoprotection in pale green phenotype. Under HL, urea-grown cultures exhibited increased growth rate, carbohydrate and lipid content while substantial reduction in protein, chlorophyll content and PSII antenna size was observed. Further, in vivo slow and polyphasic chlorophyll
a
(Chl
a
) fluorescence studies revealed reduction in excitation pressure on PSII along with low non-photochemical quenching thus, transmitting most of the absorbed energy into photochemistry. The results obtained could be correlated to previous report on cultivation of
U. lactuca
through saturating summer intensities (1000 µmole photons m
−2
s
−1
) in urea based: poultry litter extract (PLE). Having proved critical role of urea in conforming photoprotection, the application PLE was authenticated for futuristic, sustainable and year-round biomass cultivation.
Graphical Abstract</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><pmid>29987549</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11120-018-0554-4</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Algae Antennas (Electronics) Biochemistry Biomass Biomedical and Life Sciences Chlorophyll Chlorophyll - metabolism Culture media Fluorescence Genotype & phenotype Growth rate Life Sciences Light intensity Nitrogen Original Article Phenotypes Photochemistry Photochemistry - methods Photons Photosynthesis Photosynthesis - physiology Photosystem II Plant biochemistry Plant Genetics and Genomics Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Seaweed - metabolism Seaweeds Ulva lactuca Urea |
title | Influence of nitrogen source on photochemistry and antenna size of the photosystems in marine green macroalgae, Ulva lactuca |
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