Water quality and uses of the Bangpakong River (Eastern Thailand)
The Bangpakong River is the most important watershed in the Eastern part of Thailand. Water quality parameters were sampled from June 1998 through May 1999 at 11 sites along a 227 km gradient, covering the wet season (June–November) and the dry season (December–May). Surface water was collected at t...
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| creator | Bordalo, A.A Nilsumranchit, W Chalermwat, K |
| description | The Bangpakong River is the most important watershed in the Eastern part of Thailand. Water quality parameters were sampled from June 1998 through May 1999 at 11 sites along a 227
km gradient, covering the wet season (June–November) and the dry season (December–May). Surface water was collected at three different stations per site (close to the banks and in the middle of the river), and analyzed for temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspended solids, pH, ammonia, fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand as well as conductivity, phosphate, and heavy metals. The Scottish water quality index (WQI) was adaptated to the tropical environment. The averaged WQI was low (41%) and quality declined significantly during the dry season (ANOVA,
p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00079-3 |
| format | Article |
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km gradient, covering the wet season (June–November) and the dry season (December–May). Surface water was collected at three different stations per site (close to the banks and in the middle of the river), and analyzed for temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspended solids, pH, ammonia, fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand as well as conductivity, phosphate, and heavy metals. The Scottish water quality index (WQI) was adaptated to the tropical environment. The averaged WQI was low (41%) and quality declined significantly during the dry season (ANOVA,
p<0.001). Although the quality rose somewhat at middle sites, only 27% of the WQI values during wet season and 2.5% during dry season were higher than 50%, denoting poor environmental quality. Within each season, the main sources of variability were the differences between sites along the gradient (48% during the wet season, 63% during the dry season), whereas monthly variability represented less than 20% of the variability. The seasonal results show that the river is suitable only for tolerant fish and wildlife species and is of doubtful use for potable water supply during the dry season. As quality improves during the wet period, water can be used for the production of potable water, but only with advanced treatment, and for indirect and non-contact recreational activities. In the middle stretches of the river, higher water quality permits multiple uses at moderate cost.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-1354</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-2448</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00079-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11561624</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WATRAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Ammonia - analysis ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Applied sciences ; Bangpakong River ; Continental surface waters ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Environmental Monitoring ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fishes ; Freshwater ; heavy metals ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrology ; Hydrology. Hydrogeology ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Natural water pollution ; Oxygen - metabolism ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Population Dynamics ; Public Health ; Seasons ; Thailand ; Thailand, Bangpakong R ; Water Pollutants - analysis ; Water Purification ; water quality index ; Water Supply ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water research (Oxford), 2001-10, Vol.35 (15), p.3635-3642</ispartof><rights>2001 Elsevier Science Ltd</rights><rights>2001 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c504t-1aaad31aacb8256ade5b75b06a0f6bec4c8ff20998730f4d27c8c90b5864f2883</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00079-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1128787$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11561624$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bordalo, A.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nilsumranchit, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chalermwat, K</creatorcontrib><title>Water quality and uses of the Bangpakong River (Eastern Thailand)</title><title>Water research (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><description>The Bangpakong River is the most important watershed in the Eastern part of Thailand. Water quality parameters were sampled from June 1998 through May 1999 at 11 sites along a 227
km gradient, covering the wet season (June–November) and the dry season (December–May). Surface water was collected at three different stations per site (close to the banks and in the middle of the river), and analyzed for temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspended solids, pH, ammonia, fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand as well as conductivity, phosphate, and heavy metals. The Scottish water quality index (WQI) was adaptated to the tropical environment. The averaged WQI was low (41%) and quality declined significantly during the dry season (ANOVA,
p<0.001). Although the quality rose somewhat at middle sites, only 27% of the WQI values during wet season and 2.5% during dry season were higher than 50%, denoting poor environmental quality. Within each season, the main sources of variability were the differences between sites along the gradient (48% during the wet season, 63% during the dry season), whereas monthly variability represented less than 20% of the variability. The seasonal results show that the river is suitable only for tolerant fish and wildlife species and is of doubtful use for potable water supply during the dry season. As quality improves during the wet period, water can be used for the production of potable water, but only with advanced treatment, and for indirect and non-contact recreational activities. In the middle stretches of the river, higher water quality permits multiple uses at moderate cost.</description><subject>Ammonia - analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Wild</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Bangpakong River</subject><subject>Continental surface waters</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Enterobacteriaceae</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fishes</subject><subject>Freshwater</subject><subject>heavy metals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - analysis</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Oxygen - metabolism</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Population Dynamics</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>Thailand</subject><subject>Thailand, Bangpakong R</subject><subject>Water Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Water Purification</subject><subject>water quality index</subject><subject>Water Supply</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0043-1354</issn><issn>1879-2448</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2001</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0M1O3DAUBWCroirD0EcoygJVsAi9_o2zqgABrYSEVEAsrRvHBtNMMtgJEm-PhxnR7tjYXnzHvj6EfKNwRIGqH9cAgpeUS3EA9BAAqrrkn8iM6nxgQugtMnsn22QnpceMGOP1F7JNqVRUMTEjx3c4ulg8TdiF8aXAvi2m5FIx-GJ8cMUJ9vdL_Dv098Wf8JzhwRmmHOiLmwcMXeaHu-Szxy65r5t9Tm7Pz25Of5WXVxe_T48vSytBjCVFxJbn1TaaSYWtk00lG1AIXjXOCqu9Z1DXuuLgRcsqq20NjdRKeKY1n5Pv63uXcXiaXBrNIiTrujyEG6ZkGKiKcyE_hFTIGpTiGco1tHFIKTpvljEsML4YCmZVsnkr2awaNEDNW8lmldvbPDA1C9f-S21azWB_AzBZ7HzE3ob0n2O6yt-ck59r5nJtz8FFk2xwvXVtiM6Oph3CB5O8AspTluw</recordid><startdate>20011001</startdate><enddate>20011001</enddate><creator>Bordalo, A.A</creator><creator>Nilsumranchit, W</creator><creator>Chalermwat, K</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20011001</creationdate><title>Water quality and uses of the Bangpakong River (Eastern Thailand)</title><author>Bordalo, A.A ; Nilsumranchit, W ; Chalermwat, K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c504t-1aaad31aacb8256ade5b75b06a0f6bec4c8ff20998730f4d27c8c90b5864f2883</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2001</creationdate><topic>Ammonia - analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Wild</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Bangpakong River</topic><topic>Continental surface waters</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Enterobacteriaceae</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Fishes</topic><topic>Freshwater</topic><topic>heavy metals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - analysis</topic><topic>Natural water pollution</topic><topic>Oxygen - metabolism</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Population Dynamics</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Seasons</topic><topic>Thailand</topic><topic>Thailand, Bangpakong R</topic><topic>Water Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Water Purification</topic><topic>water quality index</topic><topic>Water Supply</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bordalo, A.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nilsumranchit, W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chalermwat, K</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bordalo, A.A</au><au>Nilsumranchit, W</au><au>Chalermwat, K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Water quality and uses of the Bangpakong River (Eastern Thailand)</atitle><jtitle>Water research (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Water Res</addtitle><date>2001-10-01</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>15</issue><spage>3635</spage><epage>3642</epage><pages>3635-3642</pages><issn>0043-1354</issn><eissn>1879-2448</eissn><coden>WATRAG</coden><abstract>The Bangpakong River is the most important watershed in the Eastern part of Thailand. Water quality parameters were sampled from June 1998 through May 1999 at 11 sites along a 227
km gradient, covering the wet season (June–November) and the dry season (December–May). Surface water was collected at three different stations per site (close to the banks and in the middle of the river), and analyzed for temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspended solids, pH, ammonia, fecal coliforms, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand as well as conductivity, phosphate, and heavy metals. The Scottish water quality index (WQI) was adaptated to the tropical environment. The averaged WQI was low (41%) and quality declined significantly during the dry season (ANOVA,
p<0.001). Although the quality rose somewhat at middle sites, only 27% of the WQI values during wet season and 2.5% during dry season were higher than 50%, denoting poor environmental quality. Within each season, the main sources of variability were the differences between sites along the gradient (48% during the wet season, 63% during the dry season), whereas monthly variability represented less than 20% of the variability. The seasonal results show that the river is suitable only for tolerant fish and wildlife species and is of doubtful use for potable water supply during the dry season. As quality improves during the wet period, water can be used for the production of potable water, but only with advanced treatment, and for indirect and non-contact recreational activities. In the middle stretches of the river, higher water quality permits multiple uses at moderate cost.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>11561624</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00079-3</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Ammonia - analysis Animals Animals, Wild Applied sciences Bangpakong River Continental surface waters Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Enterobacteriaceae Environmental Monitoring Exact sciences and technology Fishes Freshwater heavy metals Humans Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Hydrology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Metals, Heavy - analysis Natural water pollution Oxygen - metabolism Pollution Pollution, environment geology Population Dynamics Public Health Seasons Thailand Thailand, Bangpakong R Water Pollutants - analysis Water Purification water quality index Water Supply Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Water quality and uses of the Bangpakong River (Eastern Thailand) |
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