A case study on the ELF characterization of the Earth–ionosphere cavity: Forecasting the Schumann resonance intensities

Schumann Resonances (SR) are the electromagnetic (EM) phenomena which occur in the cavity formed by the conducting Earth and the ionosphere, with peak mode frequencies close to 8, 14, 20, 26, 32 Hz, etc. [Price, C., Melnikov, A., 2004. Diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations in the Schumann resonance parameters. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 66, 1179–1185]. The spectral characteristics of the SR modes are defined by their resonant mode amplitudes, center frequencies and half-widths [Price, C., Melnikov, A., 2004. Diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations in the Schumann resonance parameters. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 66, 1179–1185]. The objective of this work is two fold: (i) to investigate the characteristics of SR parameters obtained at Şarköy in Turkey and (ii) to model the dynamical characteristics of the SR processes by forecasting the first SR mode power values using a neural network (NN) model. The NN model is revised version of the METUNN [Tulunay, Y., Tulunay, E., Senalp, E.T., 2004a. The neural network technique—1: a general exposition. Advances in Space Research 33, 983–987].