The Clean India Mission: Public and animal health benefits
[Display omitted] The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The ‘Millennium development goals’ have given increased weightage...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta tropica 2018-10, Vol.186, p.5-15 |
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| container_title | Acta tropica |
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| creator | Thakur, Rashmi Singh, Balbir Bagicha Jindal, Prateek Aulakh, Rabinder Singh Gill, Jatinder Paul Singh |
| description | [Display omitted]
The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The ‘Millennium development goals’ have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. This review focuses on the current status and harms of open defecation, as well as the public and animal health benefits of implementing ‘The Clean India Mission’ in India. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.024 |
| format | Article |
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The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The ‘Millennium development goals’ have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. This review focuses on the current status and harms of open defecation, as well as the public and animal health benefits of implementing ‘The Clean India Mission’ in India.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0001-706X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6254</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.024</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29949730</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Animal health ; Animals ; Clean India Mission ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Defecation ; Developing Countries ; Feces - microbiology ; Feces - parasitology ; Financing, Government ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; India ; Program Development ; Public Health ; Sanitation - standards ; Social Conditions ; Soil - parasitology ; Soil Microbiology - standards ; Toilet Facilities - economics</subject><ispartof>Acta tropica, 2018-10, Vol.186, p.5-15</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-db1a944e7f73a7747ad4c57caedc615f8d1c4903ad2d4a838beae8486a2414fe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c377t-db1a944e7f73a7747ad4c57caedc615f8d1c4903ad2d4a838beae8486a2414fe3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6823-6146</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X1830305X$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27903,27904,65309</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29949730$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Thakur, Rashmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Singh, Balbir Bagicha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jindal, Prateek</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aulakh, Rabinder Singh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gill, Jatinder Paul Singh</creatorcontrib><title>The Clean India Mission: Public and animal health benefits</title><title>Acta tropica</title><addtitle>Acta Trop</addtitle><description>[Display omitted]
The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The ‘Millennium development goals’ have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. 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The Clean India Mission is a national campaign that aims for complete elimination of open defecation from the country. In India, 564 million people do not have access to toilets and defecate in the open environment. The ‘Millennium development goals’ have given increased weightage to elimination of open defecation for improving health, nutrition and productivity of developing country populations. The Indian economy bears an estimated annual total loss (in terms of health, education, access time and tourism) of US$ 54 billion due to lack of toilets, poor hygiene and over US$ 38.5 billion in treatment costs for diseases occurring due to poor hygiene. Out of 1415 human pathogens, at least more than 10% of pathogens are transmitted through the faecal-oral route. The practice of open defecation helps pathogens persist in the environment and cause diseases. This review focuses on the current status and harms of open defecation, as well as the public and animal health benefits of implementing ‘The Clean India Mission’ in India.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>29949730</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.06.024</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-6146</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Acta tropica, 2018-10, Vol.186, p.5-15 |
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| subjects | Animal health Animals Clean India Mission Cost-Benefit Analysis Defecation Developing Countries Feces - microbiology Feces - parasitology Financing, Government Health Promotion Humans India Program Development Public Health Sanitation - standards Social Conditions Soil - parasitology Soil Microbiology - standards Toilet Facilities - economics |
| title | The Clean India Mission: Public and animal health benefits |
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