Anisotropy of cell division and epithelial sheet bending via apical constriction shape the complex folding pattern of beetle horn primordia

Insects can dramatically change their outer morphology at molting. To prepare for this drastic transformation, insects generate new external organs as folded primordia under the old cuticle. At molting, these folded primordia are physically extended to form their final outer shape in a very short ti...

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