The general and special principles in landscape ecology

The general principles formulated by Forman and Godron (1993) are possible to apply for landscape differentiation and characteristic as an object of ecological research. From the system approach we can the general principles use for explanation the attributes of the landscape condition with regard on its evolution process. The mentioned authors summarized the landscape ecology principles in seven spheres. The principles of the structure and function, biodiversity, flow of organism species, redistribution of nutriments, flow of energy, landscape changes and stability. From the general principles we can infer also the special landscape ecological principles. They came out from the first general principle contained the landscape structure and functions. Forman (Darmstadt, Olson, Forman, 1996) accepted as the special principles the patches, edges or borders, corridors and mosaics. We prefer to complete this enumeration with the principle of porosity, network and matrix. Formans theory about the general and special landscape ecological principles moves on the landscape structure research from the static position to the dynamic development. This gives the methodical implement for study the landscape functions and processes.