Inactivation of the Interoceptive Insula Disrupts Drug Craving and Malaise Induced by Lithium
Addiction profoundly alters motivational circuits so that drugs become powerful reinforcers of behavior. The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is ess...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2007-10, Vol.318 (5850), p.655-658 |
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| creator | Contreras, Marco Ceric, Francisco Torrealba, Fernando |
| description | Addiction profoundly alters motivational circuits so that drugs become powerful reinforcers of behavior. The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1126/science.1145590 |
| format | Article |
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The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0036-8075</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/science.1145590</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17962567</identifier><identifier>CODEN: SCIEAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Addictions ; Amphetamine-Related Disorders - physiopathology ; Amphetamines ; Animals ; Behavior, Addictive ; Behavior, Animal - drug effects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain ; Catheterization ; Cerebral Cortex - physiology ; Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Craving ; Dextroamphetamine - administration & dosage ; Fatigue - chemically induced ; Gene expression ; Intraperitoneal injections ; Lidocaine - administration & dosage ; Lidocaine - pharmacology ; Lithium ; Lithium Chloride - administration & dosage ; Lithium Chloride - pharmacology ; Malaise ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Motivation ; Motor Activity - drug effects ; Neurons ; Neuropharmacology ; Neurosciences ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Prefrontal cortex ; Prevention and actions ; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer ; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopharmacology ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. 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The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors.</description><subject>Addictions</subject><subject>Amphetamine-Related Disorders - physiopathology</subject><subject>Amphetamines</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Behavior, Addictive</subject><subject>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Catheterization</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiology</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology</subject><subject>Conditioning (Psychology)</subject><subject>Craving</subject><subject>Dextroamphetamine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Fatigue - chemically induced</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Intraperitoneal injections</subject><subject>Lidocaine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Lidocaine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Lithium</subject><subject>Lithium Chloride - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Lithium Chloride - pharmacology</subject><subject>Malaise</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Motivation</subject><subject>Motor Activity - drug effects</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Prefrontal cortex</subject><subject>Prevention and actions</subject><subject>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer</subject><subject>Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopharmacology</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. 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The interoceptive system continuously updates homeostatic and emotional information that are important elements in motivational decisions. We tested the idea that interoceptive information is essential in drug craving and in the behavioral signs of malaise. We inactivated the primary interoceptive cortex in amphetamine-experienced rats, which prevented the urge to seek amphetamine in a place preference task. Interoceptive insula inactivation also blunted the signs of malaise induced by acute lithium administration. Drug-seeking and malaise both induced Fos expression, a marker of neuronal activation, in the insula. We conclude that the insular cortex is a key structure in the perception of bodily needs that provides direction to motivated behaviors.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Association for the Advancement of Science</pub><pmid>17962567</pmid><doi>10.1126/science.1145590</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Addictions Amphetamine-Related Disorders - physiopathology Amphetamines Animals Behavior, Addictive Behavior, Animal - drug effects Biological and medical sciences Brain Catheterization Cerebral Cortex - physiology Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology Conditioning (Psychology) Craving Dextroamphetamine - administration & dosage Fatigue - chemically induced Gene expression Intraperitoneal injections Lidocaine - administration & dosage Lidocaine - pharmacology Lithium Lithium Chloride - administration & dosage Lithium Chloride - pharmacology Malaise Male Medical sciences Motivation Motor Activity - drug effects Neurons Neuropharmacology Neurosciences Pharmacology. Drug treatments Prefrontal cortex Prevention and actions Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease) Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopharmacology Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Rats Rodents Somatosensory cortex Synapses |
| title | Inactivation of the Interoceptive Insula Disrupts Drug Craving and Malaise Induced by Lithium |
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