Real ribozymes suggest a relaxed error threshold
The error threshold for replication, the critical copying fidelity below which the fittest genotype deterministically disappears, limits the length of the genome that can be maintained by selection. Primordial replication must have been error-prone, and so early replicators are thought to have been...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature genetics 2005-09, Vol.37 (9), p.1008-1011 |
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| container_title | Nature genetics |
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| creator | Kun, Ádám Szathmáry, Eörs Santos, Mauro |
| description | The error threshold for replication, the critical copying fidelity below which the fittest genotype deterministically disappears, limits the length of the genome that can be maintained by selection. Primordial replication must have been error-prone, and so early replicators are thought to have been necessarily short. The error threshold also depends on the fitness landscape. In an RNA world, many neutral and compensatory mutations can raise the threshold, below which the functional phenotype, rather than a particular sequence, is still present. Here we show, on the basis of comparative analysis of two extensively mutagenized ribozymes, that with a copying fidelity of 0.999 per digit per replication the phenotypic error threshold rises well above 7,000 nucleotides, which permits the selective maintenance of a functionally rich riboorganism with a genome of more than 100 different genes, the size of a tRNA. This requires an order of magnitude of improvement in the accuracy of in vitro-generated polymerase ribozymes. Incidentally, this genome size coincides with that estimated for a minimal cell achieved by top-down analysis, omitting the genes dealing with translation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/ng1621 |
| format | Article |
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Primordial replication must have been error-prone, and so early replicators are thought to have been necessarily short. The error threshold also depends on the fitness landscape. In an RNA world, many neutral and compensatory mutations can raise the threshold, below which the functional phenotype, rather than a particular sequence, is still present. Here we show, on the basis of comparative analysis of two extensively mutagenized ribozymes, that with a copying fidelity of 0.999 per digit per replication the phenotypic error threshold rises well above 7,000 nucleotides, which permits the selective maintenance of a functionally rich riboorganism with a genome of more than 100 different genes, the size of a tRNA. This requires an order of magnitude of improvement in the accuracy of in vitro-generated polymerase ribozymes. 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Primordial replication must have been error-prone, and so early replicators are thought to have been necessarily short. The error threshold also depends on the fitness landscape. In an RNA world, many neutral and compensatory mutations can raise the threshold, below which the functional phenotype, rather than a particular sequence, is still present. Here we show, on the basis of comparative analysis of two extensively mutagenized ribozymes, that with a copying fidelity of 0.999 per digit per replication the phenotypic error threshold rises well above 7,000 nucleotides, which permits the selective maintenance of a functionally rich riboorganism with a genome of more than 100 different genes, the size of a tRNA. This requires an order of magnitude of improvement in the accuracy of in vitro-generated polymerase ribozymes. Incidentally, this genome size coincides with that estimated for a minimal cell achieved by top-down analysis, omitting the genes dealing with translation.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group US</pub><pmid>16127452</pmid><doi>10.1038/ng1621</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Nature; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agriculture Animal Genetics and Genomics Base Pairing Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cancer Research Catalytic RNA DNA Replication - genetics Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Function Gene mutations Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Genome Genotype Human Genetics Identification and classification letter Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Physiological aspects RNA, Catalytic - chemistry RNA, Catalytic - genetics |
| title | Real ribozymes suggest a relaxed error threshold |
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