Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy
•Physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social evaluation tools for horticultural therapy were developed.•The four evaluation tools developed were formulated through strict research and analysis methods and procedures, and have proven validity and reliability.•These tools were developed as integ...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Complementary therapies in medicine 2018-04, Vol.37, p.29-36 |
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| creator | Im, Eun-Ae Park, Sin-Ae Son, Ki-Cheol |
| description | •Physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social evaluation tools for horticultural therapy were developed.•The four evaluation tools developed were formulated through strict research and analysis methods and procedures, and have proven validity and reliability.•These tools were developed as integrated surveys that can be applied to all age groups, from childhood to old age, and to all types of subjects, both with and without disability.
This study developed evaluation scales for measuring the effects of horticultural therapy in practical settings.
Qualitative and quantitative research, including three preliminary studies and a main study, were conducted.
In the first study, a total of 779 horticultural therapists answered an open-end questionnaire based on 58 items about elements of occupational therapy and seven factors about singularity of horticultural therapy. In the second study, 20 horticultural therapists participated in in-depth interviews. In the third study, a Delphi method was conducted with 24 horticultural therapists to build a model of assessment indexes and ensure the validity. In the final study, the reserve scales were tested by 121 horticultural therapists in their practical settings for 1045 clients, to verify their reliability and validity.
Preliminary questions in the effects area of horticultural therapy were developed in the first study, and validity for the components in the second study. In the third study, an expert Delphi survey was conducted as part of content validity verification of the preliminary tool of horticultural therapy for physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social areas. In the final study, the evaluation tool, which verified the construct, convergence, discriminant, and predictive validity and reliability test, was used to finalise the evaluation tool.
The effects of horticultural therapy were classified as four different aspects, namely, physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social, based on previous studies on the effects of horticultural therapy. 98 questions in the four aspects were selected as reserve scales. The reliability of each scale was calculated as 0.982 in physical, 0.980 in cognitive, 0.965 in psycho-emotional, and 0.972 in social aspects based on the Cronbach’s test of intra-item internal consistency and half reliability of Spearman-Brown.
This study was the first to demonstrate validity and reliability by simultaneously developing four measures of horticultural therapy effectiv |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.01.008 |
| format | Article |
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This study developed evaluation scales for measuring the effects of horticultural therapy in practical settings.
Qualitative and quantitative research, including three preliminary studies and a main study, were conducted.
In the first study, a total of 779 horticultural therapists answered an open-end questionnaire based on 58 items about elements of occupational therapy and seven factors about singularity of horticultural therapy. In the second study, 20 horticultural therapists participated in in-depth interviews. In the third study, a Delphi method was conducted with 24 horticultural therapists to build a model of assessment indexes and ensure the validity. In the final study, the reserve scales were tested by 121 horticultural therapists in their practical settings for 1045 clients, to verify their reliability and validity.
Preliminary questions in the effects area of horticultural therapy were developed in the first study, and validity for the components in the second study. In the third study, an expert Delphi survey was conducted as part of content validity verification of the preliminary tool of horticultural therapy for physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social areas. In the final study, the evaluation tool, which verified the construct, convergence, discriminant, and predictive validity and reliability test, was used to finalise the evaluation tool.
The effects of horticultural therapy were classified as four different aspects, namely, physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social, based on previous studies on the effects of horticultural therapy. 98 questions in the four aspects were selected as reserve scales. The reliability of each scale was calculated as 0.982 in physical, 0.980 in cognitive, 0.965 in psycho-emotional, and 0.972 in social aspects based on the Cronbach’s test of intra-item internal consistency and half reliability of Spearman-Brown.
This study was the first to demonstrate validity and reliability by simultaneously developing four measures of horticultural therapy effectiveness, namely, physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social, both locally and externally. It is especially worthwhile in that it can be applied in common to people.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0965-2299</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6963</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.01.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29609934</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Scotland: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Balances (scales) ; Child ; Cognitive ability ; Complementary and alternative medicine ; Consumer horticulture ; Cooperation ; Delphi method ; Disabled Persons - psychology ; Disabled Persons - rehabilitation ; Emotions ; Female ; Gardening ; Health Personnel ; Horticultural Therapy ; Horticulture ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Objectives ; Patient Satisfaction ; Performance evaluation ; Psychometrics - methods ; Psychometrics - standards ; Quantitative research ; Questionnaires ; Reliability analysis ; Reliability aspects ; Reproducibility of Results ; Social factors ; Socio horticulture ; Surveys and Questionnaires - standards ; Therapists ; Therapy ; Validity ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Complementary therapies in medicine, 2018-04, Vol.37, p.29-36</ispartof><rights>2018 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier Limited Apr 2018</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-6fa3d25b5ad02f2ffb18464e65a37d7d30724b4dee56d0cd95323cea383f3ec93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-6fa3d25b5ad02f2ffb18464e65a37d7d30724b4dee56d0cd95323cea383f3ec93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2020002003?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995,64385,64387,64389,72469</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29609934$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Im, Eun-Ae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Sin-Ae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Son, Ki-Cheol</creatorcontrib><title>Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy</title><title>Complementary therapies in medicine</title><addtitle>Complement Ther Med</addtitle><description>•Physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social evaluation tools for horticultural therapy were developed.•The four evaluation tools developed were formulated through strict research and analysis methods and procedures, and have proven validity and reliability.•These tools were developed as integrated surveys that can be applied to all age groups, from childhood to old age, and to all types of subjects, both with and without disability.
This study developed evaluation scales for measuring the effects of horticultural therapy in practical settings.
Qualitative and quantitative research, including three preliminary studies and a main study, were conducted.
In the first study, a total of 779 horticultural therapists answered an open-end questionnaire based on 58 items about elements of occupational therapy and seven factors about singularity of horticultural therapy. In the second study, 20 horticultural therapists participated in in-depth interviews. In the third study, a Delphi method was conducted with 24 horticultural therapists to build a model of assessment indexes and ensure the validity. In the final study, the reserve scales were tested by 121 horticultural therapists in their practical settings for 1045 clients, to verify their reliability and validity.
Preliminary questions in the effects area of horticultural therapy were developed in the first study, and validity for the components in the second study. In the third study, an expert Delphi survey was conducted as part of content validity verification of the preliminary tool of horticultural therapy for physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social areas. In the final study, the evaluation tool, which verified the construct, convergence, discriminant, and predictive validity and reliability test, was used to finalise the evaluation tool.
The effects of horticultural therapy were classified as four different aspects, namely, physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social, based on previous studies on the effects of horticultural therapy. 98 questions in the four aspects were selected as reserve scales. The reliability of each scale was calculated as 0.982 in physical, 0.980 in cognitive, 0.965 in psycho-emotional, and 0.972 in social aspects based on the Cronbach’s test of intra-item internal consistency and half reliability of Spearman-Brown.
This study was the first to demonstrate validity and reliability by simultaneously developing four measures of horticultural therapy effectiveness, namely, physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social, both locally and externally. It is especially worthwhile in that it can be applied in common to people.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Balances (scales)</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Complementary and alternative medicine</subject><subject>Consumer horticulture</subject><subject>Cooperation</subject><subject>Delphi method</subject><subject>Disabled Persons - psychology</subject><subject>Disabled Persons - rehabilitation</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gardening</subject><subject>Health Personnel</subject><subject>Horticultural Therapy</subject><subject>Horticulture</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Objectives</subject><subject>Patient Satisfaction</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Psychometrics - methods</subject><subject>Psychometrics - standards</subject><subject>Quantitative research</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Reliability analysis</subject><subject>Reliability aspects</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>Social factors</subject><subject>Socio horticulture</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires - standards</subject><subject>Therapists</subject><subject>Therapy</subject><subject>Validity</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0965-2299</issn><issn>1873-6963</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kD1v2zAQhomiQeOk_QMdCgFdskg58iRKBLIUSfMBGMiSzARNnmoasuiSkoH8-9BwmqFDhsMtz_vi7mHsO4eKA5eXm8pOflsJ4F0FvALoPrEF71ospZL4mS1AyaYUQqlTdpbSBgAUtviFnQolQSmsF0ze0J6GsPPjn4L2ZpjN5MNYJGsGSkUfYrEOcfJ2HqY5mqGY1hTN7uUrO-nNkOjb2z5nz7e_n67vy-Xj3cP1r2VpsaunUvYGnWhWjXEgetH3K97VsibZGGxd6xBaUa9qR9RIB9apBgVaMthhj2QVnrOLY-8uhr8zpUlvfbI0DGakMCctQHDkqhFNRn_-h27CHMd83YHKv-fBTIkjZWNIKVKvd9FvTXzRHPTBqt7og1V9sKqB62w1h368Vc-rLbn3yD-NGbg6ApRd7D1Fnayn0ZLzkeykXfAf9b8CKb2IFg</recordid><startdate>201804</startdate><enddate>201804</enddate><creator>Im, Eun-Ae</creator><creator>Park, Sin-Ae</creator><creator>Son, Ki-Cheol</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201804</creationdate><title>Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy</title><author>Im, Eun-Ae ; Park, Sin-Ae ; Son, Ki-Cheol</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c384t-6fa3d25b5ad02f2ffb18464e65a37d7d30724b4dee56d0cd95323cea383f3ec93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Balances (scales)</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Cognitive ability</topic><topic>Complementary and alternative medicine</topic><topic>Consumer horticulture</topic><topic>Cooperation</topic><topic>Delphi method</topic><topic>Disabled Persons - psychology</topic><topic>Disabled Persons - rehabilitation</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gardening</topic><topic>Health Personnel</topic><topic>Horticultural Therapy</topic><topic>Horticulture</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Objectives</topic><topic>Patient Satisfaction</topic><topic>Performance evaluation</topic><topic>Psychometrics - methods</topic><topic>Psychometrics - standards</topic><topic>Quantitative research</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Reliability analysis</topic><topic>Reliability aspects</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>Social factors</topic><topic>Socio horticulture</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires - standards</topic><topic>Therapists</topic><topic>Therapy</topic><topic>Validity</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Im, Eun-Ae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Sin-Ae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Son, Ki-Cheol</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Complementary therapies in medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Im, Eun-Ae</au><au>Park, Sin-Ae</au><au>Son, Ki-Cheol</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy</atitle><jtitle>Complementary therapies in medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Complement Ther Med</addtitle><date>2018-04</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>37</volume><spage>29</spage><epage>36</epage><pages>29-36</pages><issn>0965-2299</issn><eissn>1873-6963</eissn><abstract>•Physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social evaluation tools for horticultural therapy were developed.•The four evaluation tools developed were formulated through strict research and analysis methods and procedures, and have proven validity and reliability.•These tools were developed as integrated surveys that can be applied to all age groups, from childhood to old age, and to all types of subjects, both with and without disability.
This study developed evaluation scales for measuring the effects of horticultural therapy in practical settings.
Qualitative and quantitative research, including three preliminary studies and a main study, were conducted.
In the first study, a total of 779 horticultural therapists answered an open-end questionnaire based on 58 items about elements of occupational therapy and seven factors about singularity of horticultural therapy. In the second study, 20 horticultural therapists participated in in-depth interviews. In the third study, a Delphi method was conducted with 24 horticultural therapists to build a model of assessment indexes and ensure the validity. In the final study, the reserve scales were tested by 121 horticultural therapists in their practical settings for 1045 clients, to verify their reliability and validity.
Preliminary questions in the effects area of horticultural therapy were developed in the first study, and validity for the components in the second study. In the third study, an expert Delphi survey was conducted as part of content validity verification of the preliminary tool of horticultural therapy for physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social areas. In the final study, the evaluation tool, which verified the construct, convergence, discriminant, and predictive validity and reliability test, was used to finalise the evaluation tool.
The effects of horticultural therapy were classified as four different aspects, namely, physical, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social, based on previous studies on the effects of horticultural therapy. 98 questions in the four aspects were selected as reserve scales. The reliability of each scale was calculated as 0.982 in physical, 0.980 in cognitive, 0.965 in psycho-emotional, and 0.972 in social aspects based on the Cronbach’s test of intra-item internal consistency and half reliability of Spearman-Brown.
This study was the first to demonstrate validity and reliability by simultaneously developing four measures of horticultural therapy effectiveness, namely, physical, cognitive, psychological-emotional, and social, both locally and externally. It is especially worthwhile in that it can be applied in common to people.</abstract><cop>Scotland</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>29609934</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ctim.2018.01.008</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Complementary therapies in medicine, 2018-04, Vol.37, p.29-36 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Balances (scales) Child Cognitive ability Complementary and alternative medicine Consumer horticulture Cooperation Delphi method Disabled Persons - psychology Disabled Persons - rehabilitation Emotions Female Gardening Health Personnel Horticultural Therapy Horticulture Humans Male Middle Aged Objectives Patient Satisfaction Performance evaluation Psychometrics - methods Psychometrics - standards Quantitative research Questionnaires Reliability analysis Reliability aspects Reproducibility of Results Social factors Socio horticulture Surveys and Questionnaires - standards Therapists Therapy Validity Young Adult |
| title | Developing evaluation scales for horticultural therapy |
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