The effect of fatty acid alteration in coliform bacteria on disinfection resistance and/or adaptation
Natural waters are treated by various chemical and physical processes to improve their quality and to prevent disease spread. Among the last stages of water treatment is disinfection (the only treatment in Israel). This process is carried out by application of chlorine, chloramine or chlorine dioxid...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology 1998, Vol.38 (12), p.133-139 |
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| creator | Abu-Shkara, F. Neeman, I. Sheinman, R. Armon, R. |
| description | Natural waters are treated by various chemical and physical processes to improve their quality and to prevent disease spread. Among the last stages of water treatment is disinfection (the only treatment in Israel). This process is carried out by application of chlorine, chloramine or chlorine dioxide in order to inactivate bacteria, viruses and other single cell organisms found in water systems. Survival of some of these bacteria or microorganisms following disinfection is still a serious problem. Bacteria were isolated from disinfected water with residual free chlorine of nearly 1mg/L. The present study analysed the composition of cellular fatty acids of coliform bacteria such as Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter taylorae exposed to different environmental conditions, including disinfection, and the effect of biochemical changes on their survival potential. Nutrition (high and low), temperature (6°C and 35°C) and aggregation (0.45–8μm sized aggregates) were tested with selected coliforms for their impact on chlorine resistance and cellular fatty acids alteration. Nutrition effect on the fatty acid composition of these bacteria showed a variable pattern with each bacterial strain; nevertheless bacteria grown in diluted medium displayed higher resistance to chlorine. Whilst temperature effect results showed that bacteria grown at lower temperatures are more resistant to chlorination, fatty acids analysis failed to reveal a constant pattern and variability was found among the bacterial strains tested. Bacterial species that formed aggregates in the water environment were more resistant to chlorine. The results of this study indicate that several processes are involved in bacterial resistance/adaptation to chlorine stress and together they form a barrier against external damages caused by chemical disinfection. The implication of these results on future disinfection practices is discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00814-2 |
| format | Article |
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Among the last stages of water treatment is disinfection (the only treatment in Israel). This process is carried out by application of chlorine, chloramine or chlorine dioxide in order to inactivate bacteria, viruses and other single cell organisms found in water systems. Survival of some of these bacteria or microorganisms following disinfection is still a serious problem. Bacteria were isolated from disinfected water with residual free chlorine of nearly 1mg/L. The present study analysed the composition of cellular fatty acids of coliform bacteria such as Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter taylorae exposed to different environmental conditions, including disinfection, and the effect of biochemical changes on their survival potential. Nutrition (high and low), temperature (6°C and 35°C) and aggregation (0.45–8μm sized aggregates) were tested with selected coliforms for their impact on chlorine resistance and cellular fatty acids alteration. Nutrition effect on the fatty acid composition of these bacteria showed a variable pattern with each bacterial strain; nevertheless bacteria grown in diluted medium displayed higher resistance to chlorine. Whilst temperature effect results showed that bacteria grown at lower temperatures are more resistant to chlorination, fatty acids analysis failed to reveal a constant pattern and variability was found among the bacterial strains tested. Bacterial species that formed aggregates in the water environment were more resistant to chlorine. The results of this study indicate that several processes are involved in bacterial resistance/adaptation to chlorine stress and together they form a barrier against external damages caused by chemical disinfection. The implication of these results on future disinfection practices is discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0273-1223</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 0080433987</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 9780080433981</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-9732</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00814-2</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WSTED4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Acid resistance ; Action of physical and chemical agents on bacteria ; Adaptation ; Aggregates ; aggregation ; Applied sciences ; Bacteria ; Bacteriology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemical damage ; Chlorination ; Chlorine ; Chlorine dioxide ; Citrobacter ; Citrobacter freundii ; coliforms ; Composition effects ; Dilution ; Disease spread ; Disinfectants ; Disinfection ; Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination ; E coli ; Enterobacter ; Enterobacter taylorae ; Environmental conditions ; Environmental surveys ; Escherichia coli ; Exact sciences and technology ; fatty acid ; Fatty acids ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Impact resistance ; Klebsiella ; Klebsiella oxytoca ; Low temperature ; Marine environment ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Natural waters ; Nutrition ; Pollution ; resistance ; Survival ; temperature ; Water resistance ; Water treatment ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Water science and technology, 1998, Vol.38 (12), p.133-139</ispartof><rights>1998 International Association on Water Quality</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Dec 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-7cb829b0dd166df8900c956282a82875e4b0b5a3ff57a256fc3ec407e075db7c3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,776,780,785,786,4010,4036,4037,23909,23910,25118,27900,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1573805$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Morris, R</contributor><creatorcontrib>Abu-Shkara, F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Neeman, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sheinman, R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Armon, R.</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of fatty acid alteration in coliform bacteria on disinfection resistance and/or adaptation</title><title>Water science and technology</title><description>Natural waters are treated by various chemical and physical processes to improve their quality and to prevent disease spread. Among the last stages of water treatment is disinfection (the only treatment in Israel). This process is carried out by application of chlorine, chloramine or chlorine dioxide in order to inactivate bacteria, viruses and other single cell organisms found in water systems. Survival of some of these bacteria or microorganisms following disinfection is still a serious problem. Bacteria were isolated from disinfected water with residual free chlorine of nearly 1mg/L. The present study analysed the composition of cellular fatty acids of coliform bacteria such as Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter taylorae exposed to different environmental conditions, including disinfection, and the effect of biochemical changes on their survival potential. Nutrition (high and low), temperature (6°C and 35°C) and aggregation (0.45–8μm sized aggregates) were tested with selected coliforms for their impact on chlorine resistance and cellular fatty acids alteration. Nutrition effect on the fatty acid composition of these bacteria showed a variable pattern with each bacterial strain; nevertheless bacteria grown in diluted medium displayed higher resistance to chlorine. Whilst temperature effect results showed that bacteria grown at lower temperatures are more resistant to chlorination, fatty acids analysis failed to reveal a constant pattern and variability was found among the bacterial strains tested. Bacterial species that formed aggregates in the water environment were more resistant to chlorine. The results of this study indicate that several processes are involved in bacterial resistance/adaptation to chlorine stress and together they form a barrier against external damages caused by chemical disinfection. The implication of these results on future disinfection practices is discussed.</description><subject>Acid resistance</subject><subject>Action of physical and chemical agents on bacteria</subject><subject>Adaptation</subject><subject>Aggregates</subject><subject>aggregation</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacteriology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemical damage</subject><subject>Chlorination</subject><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Chlorine dioxide</subject><subject>Citrobacter</subject><subject>Citrobacter freundii</subject><subject>coliforms</subject><subject>Composition effects</subject><subject>Dilution</subject><subject>Disease spread</subject><subject>Disinfectants</subject><subject>Disinfection</subject><subject>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</subject><subject>E coli</subject><subject>Enterobacter</subject><subject>Enterobacter taylorae</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Environmental surveys</subject><subject>Escherichia coli</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>fatty acid</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Impact resistance</subject><subject>Klebsiella</subject><subject>Klebsiella oxytoca</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Marine environment</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Natural waters</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>resistance</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>temperature</subject><subject>Water resistance</subject><subject>Water treatment</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0273-1223</issn><issn>1996-9732</issn><isbn>0080433987</isbn><isbn>9780080433981</isbn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUuLFDEURoMPsKf1JwgBRXRRzs07WQ0y-IIBF47rkMoDM1RX2qRamH9vqntQcNOrwMe53yX3IPSSwHsCRF5-B6rYQChlb41-B6AJH-gjtCHGyMEoRh-ji54CZ8xo9QRt_vLP0EVrdwCgGIcNirc_I44pRb_gknByy3KPnc8Bu2mJ1S25zDjP2Jcpp1J3eHS-59nhnofc8ryOrlCNLbfFzT5iN4fLUrELbr8cG56jp8lNLb54eLfox6ePt9dfhptvn79ef7gZPFN0GZQfNTUjhECkDEkbAG-EpJo6TbUSkY8wCsdSEspRIZNn0XNQEZQIo_Jsi96ceve1_DrEtthdbj5Ok5tjOTRLgfRSwc-ChAuQXLPzIJOgiFzBV_-Bd-VQ5_5bS8yqgYvuZYvEifK1tFZjsvuad67eWwJ2NWuPZu1qyhptj2Yt7XOvH9pd825Ktd85t3_DQjENomNXJyz2I__Osdrmc-xKQq5dkw0ln1n0ByW7tKg</recordid><startdate>1998</startdate><enddate>1998</enddate><creator>Abu-Shkara, F.</creator><creator>Neeman, I.</creator><creator>Sheinman, R.</creator><creator>Armon, R.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Pergamon</general><general>IWA Publishing</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>P64</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1998</creationdate><title>The effect of fatty acid alteration in coliform bacteria on disinfection resistance and/or adaptation</title><author>Abu-Shkara, F. ; Neeman, I. ; Sheinman, R. ; Armon, R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-7cb829b0dd166df8900c956282a82875e4b0b5a3ff57a256fc3ec407e075db7c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Acid resistance</topic><topic>Action of physical and chemical agents on bacteria</topic><topic>Adaptation</topic><topic>Aggregates</topic><topic>aggregation</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacteriology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemical damage</topic><topic>Chlorination</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Chlorine dioxide</topic><topic>Citrobacter</topic><topic>Citrobacter freundii</topic><topic>coliforms</topic><topic>Composition effects</topic><topic>Dilution</topic><topic>Disease spread</topic><topic>Disinfectants</topic><topic>Disinfection</topic><topic>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. 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Among the last stages of water treatment is disinfection (the only treatment in Israel). This process is carried out by application of chlorine, chloramine or chlorine dioxide in order to inactivate bacteria, viruses and other single cell organisms found in water systems. Survival of some of these bacteria or microorganisms following disinfection is still a serious problem. Bacteria were isolated from disinfected water with residual free chlorine of nearly 1mg/L. The present study analysed the composition of cellular fatty acids of coliform bacteria such as Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter taylorae exposed to different environmental conditions, including disinfection, and the effect of biochemical changes on their survival potential. Nutrition (high and low), temperature (6°C and 35°C) and aggregation (0.45–8μm sized aggregates) were tested with selected coliforms for their impact on chlorine resistance and cellular fatty acids alteration. Nutrition effect on the fatty acid composition of these bacteria showed a variable pattern with each bacterial strain; nevertheless bacteria grown in diluted medium displayed higher resistance to chlorine. Whilst temperature effect results showed that bacteria grown at lower temperatures are more resistant to chlorination, fatty acids analysis failed to reveal a constant pattern and variability was found among the bacterial strains tested. Bacterial species that formed aggregates in the water environment were more resistant to chlorine. The results of this study indicate that several processes are involved in bacterial resistance/adaptation to chlorine stress and together they form a barrier against external damages caused by chemical disinfection. The implication of these results on future disinfection practices is discussed.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00814-2</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Water science and technology, 1998, Vol.38 (12), p.133-139 |
| issn | 0273-1223 1996-9732 |
| language | eng |
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| source | EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Acid resistance Action of physical and chemical agents on bacteria Adaptation Aggregates aggregation Applied sciences Bacteria Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Chemical damage Chlorination Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Citrobacter Citrobacter freundii coliforms Composition effects Dilution Disease spread Disinfectants Disinfection Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination E coli Enterobacter Enterobacter taylorae Environmental conditions Environmental surveys Escherichia coli Exact sciences and technology fatty acid Fatty acids Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Impact resistance Klebsiella Klebsiella oxytoca Low temperature Marine environment Microbiology Microorganisms Natural waters Nutrition Pollution resistance Survival temperature Water resistance Water treatment Water treatment and pollution |
| title | The effect of fatty acid alteration in coliform bacteria on disinfection resistance and/or adaptation |
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