Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule
Background Diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT) is the most widely recommended surgical procedure for a nodule with indeterminate cytology; however, additional details may make initial total thyroidectomy (TT) preferable. We sought to identify patient-specific factors (PSFs) associated with initial TT...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of surgical oncology 2018-05, Vol.25 (5), p.1410-1417 |
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| creator | Angell, Trevor E. Vyas, Chirag M. Barletta, Justine A. Cibas, Edmund S. Cho, Nancy L. Doherty, Gerard M. Gawande, Atul A. Howitt, Brooke E. Krane, Jeffrey F. Marqusee, Ellen Strickland, Kyle C. Alexander, Erik K. Moore, Francis D. Nehs, Matthew A. |
| description | Background
Diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT) is the most widely recommended surgical procedure for a nodule with indeterminate cytology; however, additional details may make initial total thyroidectomy (TT) preferable. We sought to identify patient-specific factors (PSFs) associated with initial TT in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of all patients with a thyroid nodule ≥ 1 cm and initial cytology of atypia of undetermined significance or suspicious for follicular neoplasm between 2012 and 2015 who underwent thyroidectomy. Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, neck symptoms, nodule size, cytology, molecular test results, final histopathology, and additional PSFs influencing surgical management. Variables were analyzed to determine associations with the use of initial TT. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent associations.
Results
Of 325 included patients, 182/325 (56.0%) had HT and 143/325 (44.0%) had TT. While patient age and sex, nodule size, and cytology result were not associated with initial treatment, five PSFs were associated with initial TT (
p
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1245/s10434-018-6421-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2012915135</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2015472428</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c30bae73dd29d08a7e19e8bf7fa800527936bb9d107ca4601c4800dfbd857bb13</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUFLHTEQx4Mo1dp-AC8l4MXLtplsstk9itRWsBX09Ryym9lnZDexSZb6vr15PG2h4GVmmPnNf0L-hJwA-wxcyC8JmKhFxaCtGsGhetojRyBLRzQt7JeaNW3V8UYekvcpPTAGqmbyHTnkneSskc0RmW_RpOATPU8pDM5ktPSPy_d0FbKZ6Op-E4OzOOQwb6hJ9Mq77MrgbolrN5Tih_FmjTP6TMNIjS-ExYxxdr6IvQrQn8EuE34gB6OZEn58ycfk1-XX1cX36vrm29XF-XU11IrnEllvUNXW8s6y1iiEDtt-VKNpGZNcdXXT950FpgYjGgaDKH079raVqu-hPiZnO93HGH4vmLKeXRpwmozHsCTNGfAOJNSyoKf_oQ9hib68bktJobjgbaFgRw0xpBRx1I_RzSZuNDC99ULvvNDFC731Qj-VnU8vyks_o_278fr5BeA7IJWRX2P8d_pt1WfW_JV8</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2015472428</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Angell, Trevor E. ; Vyas, Chirag M. ; Barletta, Justine A. ; Cibas, Edmund S. ; Cho, Nancy L. ; Doherty, Gerard M. ; Gawande, Atul A. ; Howitt, Brooke E. ; Krane, Jeffrey F. ; Marqusee, Ellen ; Strickland, Kyle C. ; Alexander, Erik K. ; Moore, Francis D. ; Nehs, Matthew A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Angell, Trevor E. ; Vyas, Chirag M. ; Barletta, Justine A. ; Cibas, Edmund S. ; Cho, Nancy L. ; Doherty, Gerard M. ; Gawande, Atul A. ; Howitt, Brooke E. ; Krane, Jeffrey F. ; Marqusee, Ellen ; Strickland, Kyle C. ; Alexander, Erik K. ; Moore, Francis D. ; Nehs, Matthew A.</creatorcontrib><description>Background
Diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT) is the most widely recommended surgical procedure for a nodule with indeterminate cytology; however, additional details may make initial total thyroidectomy (TT) preferable. We sought to identify patient-specific factors (PSFs) associated with initial TT in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of all patients with a thyroid nodule ≥ 1 cm and initial cytology of atypia of undetermined significance or suspicious for follicular neoplasm between 2012 and 2015 who underwent thyroidectomy. Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, neck symptoms, nodule size, cytology, molecular test results, final histopathology, and additional PSFs influencing surgical management. Variables were analyzed to determine associations with the use of initial TT. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent associations.
Results
Of 325 included patients, 182/325 (56.0%) had HT and 143/325 (44.0%) had TT. While patient age and sex, nodule size, and cytology result were not associated with initial treatment, five PSFs were associated with initial TT (
p
< 0.0001). These included contralateral nodules, hypothyroidism, fluorodeoxyglucose avidity on positron emission tomography scan, family history of thyroid cancer, and increased surgical risk. At least one PSF was present in 126/143 (88.1%) TT patients versus 47/182 (25.8%) HT patients (
p
< 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that these variables were the strongest independent predictor of TT (odds ratio 45.93, 95% confidence interval 18.80–112.23,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
When surgical management of an indeterminate cytology thyroid nodule was performed, several PSFs were associated with a preference by surgeons and patients for initial TT, which may be useful to consider in making decisions on initial operative extent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1068-9265</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1534-4681</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6421-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29520656</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Aged ; Avidity ; Carcinoma - diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma - pathology ; Carcinoma - surgery ; Cellular biology ; Cytology ; Demography ; Disease management ; Endocrine Tumors ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Hypothyroidism - complications ; Male ; Medical records ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - surgery ; Nodules ; Oncology ; Patient Selection ; Patients ; Positron emission tomography ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery ; Surgical Oncology ; Thyroid cancer ; Thyroid gland ; Thyroid Nodule - diagnostic imaging ; Thyroid Nodule - genetics ; Thyroid Nodule - pathology ; Thyroid Nodule - surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroidectomy - methods</subject><ispartof>Annals of surgical oncology, 2018-05, Vol.25 (5), p.1410-1417</ispartof><rights>Society of Surgical Oncology 2018</rights><rights>Annals of Surgical Oncology is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c30bae73dd29d08a7e19e8bf7fa800527936bb9d107ca4601c4800dfbd857bb13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c30bae73dd29d08a7e19e8bf7fa800527936bb9d107ca4601c4800dfbd857bb13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1245/s10434-018-6421-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1245/s10434-018-6421-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29520656$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Angell, Trevor E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vyas, Chirag M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barletta, Justine A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cibas, Edmund S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Nancy L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doherty, Gerard M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gawande, Atul A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Howitt, Brooke E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krane, Jeffrey F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marqusee, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strickland, Kyle C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Erik K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Francis D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nehs, Matthew A.</creatorcontrib><title>Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule</title><title>Annals of surgical oncology</title><addtitle>Ann Surg Oncol</addtitle><addtitle>Ann Surg Oncol</addtitle><description>Background
Diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT) is the most widely recommended surgical procedure for a nodule with indeterminate cytology; however, additional details may make initial total thyroidectomy (TT) preferable. We sought to identify patient-specific factors (PSFs) associated with initial TT in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of all patients with a thyroid nodule ≥ 1 cm and initial cytology of atypia of undetermined significance or suspicious for follicular neoplasm between 2012 and 2015 who underwent thyroidectomy. Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, neck symptoms, nodule size, cytology, molecular test results, final histopathology, and additional PSFs influencing surgical management. Variables were analyzed to determine associations with the use of initial TT. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent associations.
Results
Of 325 included patients, 182/325 (56.0%) had HT and 143/325 (44.0%) had TT. While patient age and sex, nodule size, and cytology result were not associated with initial treatment, five PSFs were associated with initial TT (
p
< 0.0001). These included contralateral nodules, hypothyroidism, fluorodeoxyglucose avidity on positron emission tomography scan, family history of thyroid cancer, and increased surgical risk. At least one PSF was present in 126/143 (88.1%) TT patients versus 47/182 (25.8%) HT patients (
p
< 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that these variables were the strongest independent predictor of TT (odds ratio 45.93, 95% confidence interval 18.80–112.23,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
When surgical management of an indeterminate cytology thyroid nodule was performed, several PSFs were associated with a preference by surgeons and patients for initial TT, which may be useful to consider in making decisions on initial operative extent.</description><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Avidity</subject><subject>Carcinoma - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Carcinoma - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma - surgery</subject><subject>Cellular biology</subject><subject>Cytology</subject><subject>Demography</subject><subject>Disease management</subject><subject>Endocrine Tumors</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism</subject><subject>Hypothyroidism - complications</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical records</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neck</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology</subject><subject>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - surgery</subject><subject>Nodules</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Patient Selection</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Positron emission tomography</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgical Oncology</subject><subject>Thyroid cancer</subject><subject>Thyroid gland</subject><subject>Thyroid Nodule - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Thyroid Nodule - genetics</subject><subject>Thyroid Nodule - pathology</subject><subject>Thyroid Nodule - surgery</subject><subject>Thyroidectomy</subject><subject>Thyroidectomy - methods</subject><issn>1068-9265</issn><issn>1534-4681</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kUFLHTEQx4Mo1dp-AC8l4MXLtplsstk9itRWsBX09Ryym9lnZDexSZb6vr15PG2h4GVmmPnNf0L-hJwA-wxcyC8JmKhFxaCtGsGhetojRyBLRzQt7JeaNW3V8UYekvcpPTAGqmbyHTnkneSskc0RmW_RpOATPU8pDM5ktPSPy_d0FbKZ6Op-E4OzOOQwb6hJ9Mq77MrgbolrN5Tih_FmjTP6TMNIjS-ExYxxdr6IvQrQn8EuE34gB6OZEn58ycfk1-XX1cX36vrm29XF-XU11IrnEllvUNXW8s6y1iiEDtt-VKNpGZNcdXXT950FpgYjGgaDKH079raVqu-hPiZnO93HGH4vmLKeXRpwmozHsCTNGfAOJNSyoKf_oQ9hib68bktJobjgbaFgRw0xpBRx1I_RzSZuNDC99ULvvNDFC731Qj-VnU8vyks_o_278fr5BeA7IJWRX2P8d_pt1WfW_JV8</recordid><startdate>20180501</startdate><enddate>20180501</enddate><creator>Angell, Trevor E.</creator><creator>Vyas, Chirag M.</creator><creator>Barletta, Justine A.</creator><creator>Cibas, Edmund S.</creator><creator>Cho, Nancy L.</creator><creator>Doherty, Gerard M.</creator><creator>Gawande, Atul A.</creator><creator>Howitt, Brooke E.</creator><creator>Krane, Jeffrey F.</creator><creator>Marqusee, Ellen</creator><creator>Strickland, Kyle C.</creator><creator>Alexander, Erik K.</creator><creator>Moore, Francis D.</creator><creator>Nehs, Matthew A.</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180501</creationdate><title>Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule</title><author>Angell, Trevor E. ; Vyas, Chirag M. ; Barletta, Justine A. ; Cibas, Edmund S. ; Cho, Nancy L. ; Doherty, Gerard M. ; Gawande, Atul A. ; Howitt, Brooke E. ; Krane, Jeffrey F. ; Marqusee, Ellen ; Strickland, Kyle C. ; Alexander, Erik K. ; Moore, Francis D. ; Nehs, Matthew A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c372t-c30bae73dd29d08a7e19e8bf7fa800527936bb9d107ca4601c4800dfbd857bb13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Avidity</topic><topic>Carcinoma - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Carcinoma - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma - surgery</topic><topic>Cellular biology</topic><topic>Cytology</topic><topic>Demography</topic><topic>Disease management</topic><topic>Endocrine Tumors</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism</topic><topic>Hypothyroidism - complications</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical records</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neck</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology</topic><topic>Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - surgery</topic><topic>Nodules</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Patient Selection</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Positron emission tomography</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Surgical Oncology</topic><topic>Thyroid cancer</topic><topic>Thyroid gland</topic><topic>Thyroid Nodule - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Thyroid Nodule - genetics</topic><topic>Thyroid Nodule - pathology</topic><topic>Thyroid Nodule - surgery</topic><topic>Thyroidectomy</topic><topic>Thyroidectomy - methods</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Angell, Trevor E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vyas, Chirag M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barletta, Justine A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cibas, Edmund S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cho, Nancy L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doherty, Gerard M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gawande, Atul A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Howitt, Brooke E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krane, Jeffrey F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marqusee, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Strickland, Kyle C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alexander, Erik K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Francis D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nehs, Matthew A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Annals of surgical oncology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Angell, Trevor E.</au><au>Vyas, Chirag M.</au><au>Barletta, Justine A.</au><au>Cibas, Edmund S.</au><au>Cho, Nancy L.</au><au>Doherty, Gerard M.</au><au>Gawande, Atul A.</au><au>Howitt, Brooke E.</au><au>Krane, Jeffrey F.</au><au>Marqusee, Ellen</au><au>Strickland, Kyle C.</au><au>Alexander, Erik K.</au><au>Moore, Francis D.</au><au>Nehs, Matthew A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule</atitle><jtitle>Annals of surgical oncology</jtitle><stitle>Ann Surg Oncol</stitle><addtitle>Ann Surg Oncol</addtitle><date>2018-05-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1410</spage><epage>1417</epage><pages>1410-1417</pages><issn>1068-9265</issn><eissn>1534-4681</eissn><abstract>Background
Diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT) is the most widely recommended surgical procedure for a nodule with indeterminate cytology; however, additional details may make initial total thyroidectomy (TT) preferable. We sought to identify patient-specific factors (PSFs) associated with initial TT in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of all patients with a thyroid nodule ≥ 1 cm and initial cytology of atypia of undetermined significance or suspicious for follicular neoplasm between 2012 and 2015 who underwent thyroidectomy. Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, neck symptoms, nodule size, cytology, molecular test results, final histopathology, and additional PSFs influencing surgical management. Variables were analyzed to determine associations with the use of initial TT. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent associations.
Results
Of 325 included patients, 182/325 (56.0%) had HT and 143/325 (44.0%) had TT. While patient age and sex, nodule size, and cytology result were not associated with initial treatment, five PSFs were associated with initial TT (
p
< 0.0001). These included contralateral nodules, hypothyroidism, fluorodeoxyglucose avidity on positron emission tomography scan, family history of thyroid cancer, and increased surgical risk. At least one PSF was present in 126/143 (88.1%) TT patients versus 47/182 (25.8%) HT patients (
p
< 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that these variables were the strongest independent predictor of TT (odds ratio 45.93, 95% confidence interval 18.80–112.23,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
When surgical management of an indeterminate cytology thyroid nodule was performed, several PSFs were associated with a preference by surgeons and patients for initial TT, which may be useful to consider in making decisions on initial operative extent.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>29520656</pmid><doi>10.1245/s10434-018-6421-x</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Annals of surgical oncology, 2018-05, Vol.25 (5), p.1410-1417 |
| issn | 1068-9265 1534-4681 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aged Avidity Carcinoma - diagnostic imaging Carcinoma - pathology Carcinoma - surgery Cellular biology Cytology Demography Disease management Endocrine Tumors Female Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Humans Hypothyroidism Hypothyroidism - complications Male Medical records Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Neck Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - diagnostic imaging Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - pathology Neoplasms, Multiple Primary - surgery Nodules Oncology Patient Selection Patients Positron emission tomography Retrospective Studies Surgery Surgical Oncology Thyroid cancer Thyroid gland Thyroid Nodule - diagnostic imaging Thyroid Nodule - genetics Thyroid Nodule - pathology Thyroid Nodule - surgery Thyroidectomy Thyroidectomy - methods |
| title | Reasons Associated with Total Thyroidectomy as Initial Surgical Management of an Indeterminate Thyroid Nodule |
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