TET2-dependent IL-6 induction mediated by the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor metastasis in osteosarcoma

The tumor microenvironment promotes epigenetic changes in tumor cells associated with tumor aggressiveness. Here we report that in primary tumor cells, increased interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression brought on by DNA demethylation of its promoter by ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) promotes lung metas...

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Veröffentlicht in:Oncogene 2018-05, Vol.37 (22), p.2903-2920
Hauptverfasser: Itoh, Hitoshi, Kadomatsu, Tsuyoshi, Tanoue, Hironori, Yugami, Masaki, Miyata, Keishi, Endo, Motoyoshi, Morinaga, Jun, Kobayashi, Eisuke, Miyamoto, Takeshi, Kurahashi, Ryoma, Terada, Kazutoyo, Mizuta, Hiroshi, Oike, Yuichi
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container_end_page 2920
container_issue 22
container_start_page 2903
container_title Oncogene
container_volume 37
creator Itoh, Hitoshi
Kadomatsu, Tsuyoshi
Tanoue, Hironori
Yugami, Masaki
Miyata, Keishi
Endo, Motoyoshi
Morinaga, Jun
Kobayashi, Eisuke
Miyamoto, Takeshi
Kurahashi, Ryoma
Terada, Kazutoyo
Mizuta, Hiroshi
Oike, Yuichi
description The tumor microenvironment promotes epigenetic changes in tumor cells associated with tumor aggressiveness. Here we report that in primary tumor cells, increased interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression brought on by DNA demethylation of its promoter by ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) promotes lung metastasis in osteosarcoma (OS). Xenograft experiments show increased IL-6 expression and decreased methylation of its promoter in OS cells after implantation relative to before implantation. In addition, changes in IL-6 methylation and expression seen in OS cells at the primary site were maintained at the metastatic site. TET2 knockdown in OS cells suppressed upregulation of IL-6 and demethylation of its promoter in xenograft tumors and decreased tumor metastasis. We also present evidence showing that tumor cell-derived IL-6 facilitates glycolytic metabolism in tumor cells by activating the MEK/ERK1/2/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway and increases lung colonization by OS cells by upregulating expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), enhancing tumor metastasis. Blocking IL-6 signaling with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor reduced lung metastasis and prolonged survival of xenografted mice. These findings suggest that TET2-dependent IL-6 induction enables acquisition of aggressive phenotypes in OS cells via the tumor microenvironment and that blocking IL-6 signaling could be serve as a potential therapy to antagonize metastasis.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41388-018-0160-0
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Here we report that in primary tumor cells, increased interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression brought on by DNA demethylation of its promoter by ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) promotes lung metastasis in osteosarcoma (OS). Xenograft experiments show increased IL-6 expression and decreased methylation of its promoter in OS cells after implantation relative to before implantation. In addition, changes in IL-6 methylation and expression seen in OS cells at the primary site were maintained at the metastatic site. TET2 knockdown in OS cells suppressed upregulation of IL-6 and demethylation of its promoter in xenograft tumors and decreased tumor metastasis. We also present evidence showing that tumor cell-derived IL-6 facilitates glycolytic metabolism in tumor cells by activating the MEK/ERK1/2/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway and increases lung colonization by OS cells by upregulating expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), enhancing tumor metastasis. Blocking IL-6 signaling with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor reduced lung metastasis and prolonged survival of xenografted mice. 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Here we report that in primary tumor cells, increased interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression brought on by DNA demethylation of its promoter by ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) promotes lung metastasis in osteosarcoma (OS). Xenograft experiments show increased IL-6 expression and decreased methylation of its promoter in OS cells after implantation relative to before implantation. In addition, changes in IL-6 methylation and expression seen in OS cells at the primary site were maintained at the metastatic site. TET2 knockdown in OS cells suppressed upregulation of IL-6 and demethylation of its promoter in xenograft tumors and decreased tumor metastasis. We also present evidence showing that tumor cell-derived IL-6 facilitates glycolytic metabolism in tumor cells by activating the MEK/ERK1/2/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway and increases lung colonization by OS cells by upregulating expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), enhancing tumor metastasis. Blocking IL-6 signaling with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor reduced lung metastasis and prolonged survival of xenografted mice. 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Public Health</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Monoclonal antibodies</subject><subject>Neoplasm Transplantation</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Osteosarcoma</subject><subject>Osteosarcoma - genetics</subject><subject>Osteosarcoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Osteosarcoma - pathology</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Sarcoma</subject><subject>Tumor cells</subject><subject>Tumor Microenvironment</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Up-Regulation</subject><subject>Xenografts</subject><issn>0950-9232</issn><issn>1476-5594</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV9rFDEUxYModq1-AF9kwBdfpt4kM_nzWEqrhQVf9j1kkzs1ZSdZk4zQb2-GbS2KkoTAze8cbu4h5D2FCwpcfS4D5Ur1QNcjoIcXZEMHKfpx1MNLsgE9Qq8ZZ2fkTSn3ACA1sNfkjOmRjq2-IXF3vWO9xyNGj7F2t9tedCH6xdWQYjejD7ai7_YPXf2OXV3mlLs5uJww_gw5xXlVHXOaU8Xy9I7VlrZDaVZdKhVTsdml2b4lryZ7KPju8T4nu5vr3dXXfvvty-3V5bZ3QoraC8EVcO2kkxOdFNt75ZhkQivhOXVaKsf9JDUX4ClzeweTp5LBwPggwfJz8ulk2xr7sWCpZg7F4eFgI6alGAaUUSo0jA39-Bd6n5YcW3ONGiRjimv1TN3ZA5oQp1SzdaupuRwlG_UoJG3UxT-otjy2kaWIU2j1PwT0JGjzLCXjZI45zDY_GApmjdicIjYtYrNGbKBpPjw2vOxbPL8VT5k2gJ2A0p7iHebnH_3f9RdPsq9a</recordid><startdate>20180501</startdate><enddate>20180501</enddate><creator>Itoh, Hitoshi</creator><creator>Kadomatsu, Tsuyoshi</creator><creator>Tanoue, Hironori</creator><creator>Yugami, Masaki</creator><creator>Miyata, Keishi</creator><creator>Endo, Motoyoshi</creator><creator>Morinaga, Jun</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Eisuke</creator><creator>Miyamoto, Takeshi</creator><creator>Kurahashi, Ryoma</creator><creator>Terada, Kazutoyo</creator><creator>Mizuta, Hiroshi</creator><creator>Oike, Yuichi</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20180501</creationdate><title>TET2-dependent IL-6 induction mediated by the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor metastasis in osteosarcoma</title><author>Itoh, Hitoshi ; Kadomatsu, Tsuyoshi ; Tanoue, Hironori ; Yugami, Masaki ; Miyata, Keishi ; Endo, Motoyoshi ; Morinaga, Jun ; Kobayashi, Eisuke ; Miyamoto, Takeshi ; Kurahashi, Ryoma ; Terada, Kazutoyo ; Mizuta, Hiroshi ; Oike, Yuichi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c676t-6638039c7c7f1f82bd8c2726986d31c978c3df79360d12cbc0fd1720423470a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng ; jpn</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>13/31</topic><topic>13/89</topic><topic>14/5</topic><topic>38/77</topic><topic>631/67/1344</topic><topic>631/67/327</topic><topic>64/60</topic><topic>82/1</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Bone cancer</topic><topic>Bone Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Bone Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Bone Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Cell adhesion</topic><topic>Cell Biology</topic><topic>Cell Line, Tumor</topic><topic>Colonization</topic><topic>Complications and side effects</topic><topic>Demethylation</topic><topic>Deoxyribonucleic acid</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>DNA</topic><topic>DNA Methylation</topic><topic>DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Epigenesis, Genetic</topic><topic>Epigenetics</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic</topic><topic>Gene Knockdown Techniques</topic><topic>Genetic aspects</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Glycolysis</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Human Genetics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Intercellular adhesion molecule 1</topic><topic>Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics</topic><topic>Interleukin 6</topic><topic>Interleukin 6 receptors</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - genetics</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - metabolism</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Lung cancer</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - genetics</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - metabolism</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Lung Neoplasms - secondary</topic><topic>Lungs</topic><topic>MAP Kinase Signaling System</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine &amp; 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Here we report that in primary tumor cells, increased interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) expression brought on by DNA demethylation of its promoter by ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) promotes lung metastasis in osteosarcoma (OS). Xenograft experiments show increased IL-6 expression and decreased methylation of its promoter in OS cells after implantation relative to before implantation. In addition, changes in IL-6 methylation and expression seen in OS cells at the primary site were maintained at the metastatic site. TET2 knockdown in OS cells suppressed upregulation of IL-6 and demethylation of its promoter in xenograft tumors and decreased tumor metastasis. We also present evidence showing that tumor cell-derived IL-6 facilitates glycolytic metabolism in tumor cells by activating the MEK/ERK1/2/hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway and increases lung colonization by OS cells by upregulating expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), enhancing tumor metastasis. Blocking IL-6 signaling with a humanized monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor reduced lung metastasis and prolonged survival of xenografted mice. These findings suggest that TET2-dependent IL-6 induction enables acquisition of aggressive phenotypes in OS cells via the tumor microenvironment and that blocking IL-6 signaling could be serve as a potential therapy to antagonize metastasis.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>29515232</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41388-018-0160-0</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects 13/31
13/89
14/5
38/77
631/67/1344
631/67/327
64/60
82/1
Animals
Apoptosis
Bone cancer
Bone Neoplasms - genetics
Bone Neoplasms - metabolism
Bone Neoplasms - pathology
Care and treatment
Cell adhesion
Cell Biology
Cell Line, Tumor
Colonization
Complications and side effects
Demethylation
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Development and progression
DNA
DNA Methylation
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gene Knockdown Techniques
Genetic aspects
Genotype
Glycolysis
Health aspects
Human Genetics
Humans
Hypoxia
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - genetics
Interleukin 6
Interleukin 6 receptors
Interleukin-6 - genetics
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
Internal Medicine
Lung cancer
Lung Neoplasms - genetics
Lung Neoplasms - metabolism
Lung Neoplasms - pathology
Lung Neoplasms - secondary
Lungs
MAP Kinase Signaling System
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metastases
Metastasis
Mice
Monoclonal antibodies
Neoplasm Transplantation
Oncology
Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma - genetics
Osteosarcoma - metabolism
Osteosarcoma - pathology
Phenotypes
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics
Proto-Oncogene Proteins - metabolism
Sarcoma
Tumor cells
Tumor Microenvironment
Tumors
Up-Regulation
Xenografts
title TET2-dependent IL-6 induction mediated by the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor metastasis in osteosarcoma
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