Treg and NK cells related cytokines are associated with deep rectosigmoid endometriosis and clinical symptoms related to the disease

•Evaluation of Treg and NK cells related cytokines in deep endometriosis.•Distinguished IL-10, TGFB, INFG and IL7 expression in endometriotic bowel lesions.•TGFB, IL7 and IL15 expressions are related with endometriosis clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate Treg and NK cells related cytokines in deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions and its relationship with clinical symptoms of the disease. mRNA expression of Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFB), Interleukin (IL)10, Interferon Gamma (IFNG), IL7, and IL15 was analyzed by Real-Time PCR in eutopic endometrium and rectosigmoid lesions from 11 women with deep infiltrating endometriosis and in eutopic endometrium from 11 healthy women. IL10, IFNG, and IL7 expression was significantly higher in endometriotic bowel lesions than in eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis. IL10 and TGFB expression was significantly higher in endometriotic bowel lesions than in eutopic endometrium from healthy women. In addition, TGFB and IL15 levels correlated positively with deep dyspareunia and cyclic dyschezia, respectively, while IL7 levels correlated negatively with dysmenorrhea. Deep infiltrating rectosigmoid endometriosis displays alterations in Treg and NK cells related cytokine, and TGFB, IL7 and IL15 expression is related with dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea and cyclic dyschezia, respectively, in patients with the disease.