Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in the Nakdong River and their removal during water treatment
This study was conducted in preparation of a pending Cryptosporidium regulation in Korea. The study had two main objectives: 1) to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Nakdong River; and 2) to evaluate their removal during water treatment. Occurrence of Giardia cysts was also exa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of water and health 2007-03, Vol.5 (1), p.163-163 |
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| creator | Lee, Shun-Hwa Lee, Chul-Hee Kim, Yun-Hee Do, Ju-Hee Kim, Seung-Hyun |
| description | This study was conducted in preparation of a pending Cryptosporidium regulation in Korea. The study had two main objectives: 1) to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Nakdong River; and 2) to evaluate their removal during water treatment. Occurrence of Giardia cysts was also examined. Average (arithmetic mean) numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts at the treatment intake site were 2.61(-1) and 4.81(-1), respectively. Generally, the number of Giardia cysts was higher than that of Cryptosporidium oocysts at more sites, but the difference was minimal. Comparison of tributaries indicated that livestock wastes were more serious pollutants than sewage in terms of protozoa contamination. In general, fewer oocysts and cysts were detected during winter. No correlation was found for such water quality parameters as T-N, T-P, TOC, DO, pH and temperature with the numbers of oocysts and cysts except for suspended solids, which showed the highest correlation (R2 = 0.55). Removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using a Cryptosporidium tracer, which has similar characteristics to Cryptosporidium oocysts. The tracer removal depended on turbidity removal. Coagulation followed by sedimentation resulted in 1.2-1.5 log removal of the tracer under optimal conditions. Filtration resulted in 1.3-1.5 log removal of the tracer. These treatability experiments showed that traditional water treatment processes could achieve 2.5-3.0 log removal of the oocysts. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2166/wh.2006.051 |
| format | Article |
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The study had two main objectives: 1) to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Nakdong River; and 2) to evaluate their removal during water treatment. Occurrence of Giardia cysts was also examined. Average (arithmetic mean) numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts at the treatment intake site were 2.61(-1) and 4.81(-1), respectively. Generally, the number of Giardia cysts was higher than that of Cryptosporidium oocysts at more sites, but the difference was minimal. Comparison of tributaries indicated that livestock wastes were more serious pollutants than sewage in terms of protozoa contamination. In general, fewer oocysts and cysts were detected during winter. No correlation was found for such water quality parameters as T-N, T-P, TOC, DO, pH and temperature with the numbers of oocysts and cysts except for suspended solids, which showed the highest correlation (R2 = 0.55). Removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using a Cryptosporidium tracer, which has similar characteristics to Cryptosporidium oocysts. The tracer removal depended on turbidity removal. Coagulation followed by sedimentation resulted in 1.2-1.5 log removal of the tracer under optimal conditions. Filtration resulted in 1.3-1.5 log removal of the tracer. These treatability experiments showed that traditional water treatment processes could achieve 2.5-3.0 log removal of the oocysts.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1477-8920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-7829</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2166/wh.2006.051</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17402287</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: IWA Publishing</publisher><subject>Agricultural runoff ; Agricultural wastes ; Animal wastes ; Animals ; Contamination ; Correlation ; Cryptosporidium ; Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification ; Cysts ; Giardia ; Giardia - isolation & purification ; Humans ; Korea - epidemiology ; Livestock ; Oocysts ; pH effects ; Pollutants ; Protozoa ; Removal ; Rivers ; Rivers - parasitology ; Sedimentation ; Sewage ; Suspended particulate matter ; Suspended solids ; Total organic carbon ; Tracers ; Tributaries ; Turbidity ; Waste Products ; Water filtration ; Water Pollution ; Water Purification - methods ; Water quality ; Water treatment</subject><ispartof>Journal of water and health, 2007-03, Vol.5 (1), p.163-163</ispartof><rights>Copyright IWA Publishing Mar 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-4494e07777881728b612945ddabe7f4164c72ffb4453d5b007924c60c4a42c0e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17402287$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lee, Shun-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chul-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yun-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Do, Ju-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seung-Hyun</creatorcontrib><title>Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in the Nakdong River and their removal during water treatment</title><title>Journal of water and health</title><addtitle>J Water Health</addtitle><description>This study was conducted in preparation of a pending Cryptosporidium regulation in Korea. The study had two main objectives: 1) to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Nakdong River; and 2) to evaluate their removal during water treatment. Occurrence of Giardia cysts was also examined. Average (arithmetic mean) numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts at the treatment intake site were 2.61(-1) and 4.81(-1), respectively. Generally, the number of Giardia cysts was higher than that of Cryptosporidium oocysts at more sites, but the difference was minimal. Comparison of tributaries indicated that livestock wastes were more serious pollutants than sewage in terms of protozoa contamination. In general, fewer oocysts and cysts were detected during winter. No correlation was found for such water quality parameters as T-N, T-P, TOC, DO, pH and temperature with the numbers of oocysts and cysts except for suspended solids, which showed the highest correlation (R2 = 0.55). Removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using a Cryptosporidium tracer, which has similar characteristics to Cryptosporidium oocysts. The tracer removal depended on turbidity removal. Coagulation followed by sedimentation resulted in 1.2-1.5 log removal of the tracer under optimal conditions. Filtration resulted in 1.3-1.5 log removal of the tracer. These treatability experiments showed that traditional water treatment processes could achieve 2.5-3.0 log removal of the oocysts.</description><subject>Agricultural runoff</subject><subject>Agricultural wastes</subject><subject>Animal wastes</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium</subject><subject>Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Cysts</subject><subject>Giardia</subject><subject>Giardia - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Korea - epidemiology</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Oocysts</subject><subject>pH effects</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Protozoa</subject><subject>Removal</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Rivers - parasitology</subject><subject>Sedimentation</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Suspended particulate matter</subject><subject>Suspended solids</subject><subject>Total organic carbon</subject><subject>Tracers</subject><subject>Tributaries</subject><subject>Turbidity</subject><subject>Waste Products</subject><subject>Water filtration</subject><subject>Water Pollution</subject><subject>Water Purification - 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isolation & purification</topic><topic>Cysts</topic><topic>Giardia</topic><topic>Giardia - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Korea - epidemiology</topic><topic>Livestock</topic><topic>Oocysts</topic><topic>pH effects</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Protozoa</topic><topic>Removal</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Rivers - parasitology</topic><topic>Sedimentation</topic><topic>Sewage</topic><topic>Suspended particulate matter</topic><topic>Suspended solids</topic><topic>Total organic carbon</topic><topic>Tracers</topic><topic>Tributaries</topic><topic>Turbidity</topic><topic>Waste Products</topic><topic>Water filtration</topic><topic>Water Pollution</topic><topic>Water Purification - methods</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water treatment</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lee, Shun-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Chul-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Yun-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Do, Ju-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seung-Hyun</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database (ProQuest Medical & Health Databases)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Journal of water and health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lee, Shun-Hwa</au><au>Lee, Chul-Hee</au><au>Kim, Yun-Hee</au><au>Do, Ju-Hee</au><au>Kim, Seung-Hyun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in the Nakdong River and their removal during water treatment</atitle><jtitle>Journal of water and health</jtitle><addtitle>J Water Health</addtitle><date>2007-03</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>163</spage><epage>163</epage><pages>163-163</pages><issn>1477-8920</issn><eissn>1996-7829</eissn><abstract>This study was conducted in preparation of a pending Cryptosporidium regulation in Korea. The study had two main objectives: 1) to examine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the Nakdong River; and 2) to evaluate their removal during water treatment. Occurrence of Giardia cysts was also examined. Average (arithmetic mean) numbers of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts at the treatment intake site were 2.61(-1) and 4.81(-1), respectively. Generally, the number of Giardia cysts was higher than that of Cryptosporidium oocysts at more sites, but the difference was minimal. Comparison of tributaries indicated that livestock wastes were more serious pollutants than sewage in terms of protozoa contamination. In general, fewer oocysts and cysts were detected during winter. No correlation was found for such water quality parameters as T-N, T-P, TOC, DO, pH and temperature with the numbers of oocysts and cysts except for suspended solids, which showed the highest correlation (R2 = 0.55). Removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts was evaluated using a Cryptosporidium tracer, which has similar characteristics to Cryptosporidium oocysts. The tracer removal depended on turbidity removal. Coagulation followed by sedimentation resulted in 1.2-1.5 log removal of the tracer under optimal conditions. Filtration resulted in 1.3-1.5 log removal of the tracer. These treatability experiments showed that traditional water treatment processes could achieve 2.5-3.0 log removal of the oocysts.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>IWA Publishing</pub><pmid>17402287</pmid><doi>10.2166/wh.2006.051</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1477-8920 |
| ispartof | Journal of water and health, 2007-03, Vol.5 (1), p.163-163 |
| issn | 1477-8920 1996-7829 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Electronic Journals Library; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Agricultural runoff Agricultural wastes Animal wastes Animals Contamination Correlation Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification Cysts Giardia Giardia - isolation & purification Humans Korea - epidemiology Livestock Oocysts pH effects Pollutants Protozoa Removal Rivers Rivers - parasitology Sedimentation Sewage Suspended particulate matter Suspended solids Total organic carbon Tracers Tributaries Turbidity Waste Products Water filtration Water Pollution Water Purification - methods Water quality Water treatment |
| title | Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in the Nakdong River and their removal during water treatment |
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