Effect of management of organic wastes on inactivation of Brassica nigra and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae using soil biosolarization

BACKGROUND Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative to conventional fumigation. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic was...

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Veröffentlicht in:Pest management science 2018-08, Vol.74 (8), p.1892-1902
Hauptverfasser: Fernández‐Bayo, Jesus Dionisio, Randall, Tara E, Harrold, Duff R, Achmon, Yigal, Hestmark, Kelley V, Su, Joey, Dahlquist‐Willard, Ruth M, Gordon, Thomas R, Stapleton, James J, VanderGheynst, Jean S, Simmons, Christopher W
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container_end_page 1902
container_issue 8
container_start_page 1892
container_title Pest management science
container_volume 74
creator Fernández‐Bayo, Jesus Dionisio
Randall, Tara E
Harrold, Duff R
Achmon, Yigal
Hestmark, Kelley V
Su, Joey
Dahlquist‐Willard, Ruth M
Gordon, Thomas R
Stapleton, James J
VanderGheynst, Jean S
Simmons, Christopher W
description BACKGROUND Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative to conventional fumigation. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic wastes that were partially stabilized through either composting or anaerobic digestion affected the inactivation of Brassica nigra (BN; a weed) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL; a phytopathogenic fungus). RESULTS The mortality of BN seeds in the biosolarized soil was 12% higher than in the solarized soil, although this difference was not significant. However, a significant correlation between BN mortality and VFA accumulation was observed. The number of FOL colony‐forming units (CFU) in solarized samples at 5 cm was 34 CFU g–1 of soil, whereas in the biosolarized samples levels were below the limit of quantification. At 15 cm, these levels were 100 CFU g–1 for solarized samples and 
doi_str_mv 10.1002/ps.4891
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Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic wastes that were partially stabilized through either composting or anaerobic digestion affected the inactivation of Brassica nigra (BN; a weed) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL; a phytopathogenic fungus). RESULTS The mortality of BN seeds in the biosolarized soil was 12% higher than in the solarized soil, although this difference was not significant. However, a significant correlation between BN mortality and VFA accumulation was observed. The number of FOL colony‐forming units (CFU) in solarized samples at 5 cm was 34 CFU g–1 of soil, whereas in the biosolarized samples levels were below the limit of quantification. At 15 cm, these levels were 100 CFU g–1 for solarized samples and &lt; 50 CFU g–1 of soil for the biosolarized samples. Amendment addition positively affected the organic matter and potassium content after the solarization process. CONCLUSION The organic waste stabilization method can impact downstream biosolarization performance and final pest inactivation levels. This study suggests that organic waste management practices can be leveraged to improve pest control and soil quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative pest control technique to soil fumigation. 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Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic wastes that were partially stabilized through either composting or anaerobic digestion affected the inactivation of Brassica nigra (BN; a weed) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL; a phytopathogenic fungus). RESULTS The mortality of BN seeds in the biosolarized soil was 12% higher than in the solarized soil, although this difference was not significant. However, a significant correlation between BN mortality and VFA accumulation was observed. The number of FOL colony‐forming units (CFU) in solarized samples at 5 cm was 34 CFU g–1 of soil, whereas in the biosolarized samples levels were below the limit of quantification. At 15 cm, these levels were 100 CFU g–1 for solarized samples and &lt; 50 CFU g–1 of soil for the biosolarized samples. Amendment addition positively affected the organic matter and potassium content after the solarization process. CONCLUSION The organic waste stabilization method can impact downstream biosolarization performance and final pest inactivation levels. This study suggests that organic waste management practices can be leveraged to improve pest control and soil quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative pest control technique to soil fumigation. 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Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) produced in the soil through fermentation of amended organic matter can affect pest inactivation during biosolarization. The objective was to determine how soil amended with organic wastes that were partially stabilized through either composting or anaerobic digestion affected the inactivation of Brassica nigra (BN; a weed) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae (FOL; a phytopathogenic fungus). RESULTS The mortality of BN seeds in the biosolarized soil was 12% higher than in the solarized soil, although this difference was not significant. However, a significant correlation between BN mortality and VFA accumulation was observed. The number of FOL colony‐forming units (CFU) in solarized samples at 5 cm was 34 CFU g–1 of soil, whereas in the biosolarized samples levels were below the limit of quantification. At 15 cm, these levels were 100 CFU g–1 for solarized samples and &lt; 50 CFU g–1 of soil for the biosolarized samples. Amendment addition positively affected the organic matter and potassium content after the solarization process. CONCLUSION The organic waste stabilization method can impact downstream biosolarization performance and final pest inactivation levels. This study suggests that organic waste management practices can be leveraged to improve pest control and soil quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry Soil biosolarization is a promising alternative pest control technique to soil fumigation. This study showed that controlling the stability of waste as an amendment for biosolarization simultaneously enhanced weed and fungal inactivation.</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</pub><pmid>29446871</pmid><doi>10.1002/ps.4891</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2120-3096</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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source Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects Anaerobic digestion
Brassica
Brassica nigra
compost
Composting
Deactivation
digestates
Fatty acids
Fermentation
Fumigation
Fusarium
Fusarium oxysporum
Inactivation
Mortality
Organic chemistry
Organic matter
Organic soils
Organic wastes
Pest control
Pests
Phytopathogenic fungi
Potassium
Seeds
Soil amendment
Soil improvement
Soil properties
Soil quality
Soil stabilization
Solar radiation
solarization
Volatile fatty acids
Waste management
title Effect of management of organic wastes on inactivation of Brassica nigra and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae using soil biosolarization
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