Does paternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affect the sex ratio of offspring?
In 1976, men who were exposed to the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after an explosion at a chemical plant near Seveso, Italy, produced more girls than boys. However, few studies have examined the possibility that the exposure of laboratory animals to TCDD, espe...
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description | In 1976, men who were exposed to the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after an explosion at a chemical plant near Seveso, Italy, produced more girls than boys. However, few studies have examined the possibility that the exposure of laboratory animals to TCDD, especially that of males, could lead to a lower male/female sex ratio. The aim of this study was to investigate whether direct paternal exposure to TCDD affects the sex ratio of offspring using a relatively large-scale experimental design. Male ICR mice (n=120) were randomly assigned to three, one of which served as a vehicle control, the other two were administered TCDD orally with an initial loading dose of 2 or 2,000 ng TCDD/kg, followed by a weekly maintenance dose of 0.4 (T2/0.4 group) or 400 (T2000/400 group) ng/kg prior to mating. The major organs of each mouse were weighed and histopathologically and immunohistologically investigated, and the sex ratio of offspring [males/(males + females) x 100] was calculated in each dam. There were no significant effects on organ weights, or on the structure of the testis and epididymis between the control and TCDD-exposed males, but TCDD administration produced a significantly lower proportion of male offspring from T2000/400-exposed sires despite no alteration in litter size (Control: 53.1+-1.7; T2/0.4: 48.8+-2.5; T2000/400: 46.2+-2.1). In addition, we further divided the T2000/400 group into 3 subgroups based on the proportion of CYP1A1-immunoreactive areas in the liver; there was a significant correlation between sex ratio and CYP1A1 immunoreactivity. Thus, the present study confirms that direct paternal exposure to TCDD might be associated with an alteration in the sex ratio of offspring. Possible mechanisms through which TCDD might decrease the fertility potential of Y-bearing gametes before conception are discussed. |
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(Japan)) ; Warita, K ; Tanida, T ; Sugawara, T ; Kitagawa, H ; Hoshi, N</creator><creatorcontrib>Ishihara, K.(Kobe Univ. (Japan)) ; Warita, K ; Tanida, T ; Sugawara, T ; Kitagawa, H ; Hoshi, N</creatorcontrib><description>In 1976, men who were exposed to the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after an explosion at a chemical plant near Seveso, Italy, produced more girls than boys. However, few studies have examined the possibility that the exposure of laboratory animals to TCDD, especially that of males, could lead to a lower male/female sex ratio. The aim of this study was to investigate whether direct paternal exposure to TCDD affects the sex ratio of offspring using a relatively large-scale experimental design. Male ICR mice (n=120) were randomly assigned to three, one of which served as a vehicle control, the other two were administered TCDD orally with an initial loading dose of 2 or 2,000 ng TCDD/kg, followed by a weekly maintenance dose of 0.4 (T2/0.4 group) or 400 (T2000/400 group) ng/kg prior to mating. The major organs of each mouse were weighed and histopathologically and immunohistologically investigated, and the sex ratio of offspring [males/(males + females) x 100] was calculated in each dam. There were no significant effects on organ weights, or on the structure of the testis and epididymis between the control and TCDD-exposed males, but TCDD administration produced a significantly lower proportion of male offspring from T2000/400-exposed sires despite no alteration in litter size (Control: 53.1+-1.7; T2/0.4: 48.8+-2.5; T2000/400: 46.2+-2.1). In addition, we further divided the T2000/400 group into 3 subgroups based on the proportion of CYP1A1-immunoreactive areas in the liver; there was a significant correlation between sex ratio and CYP1A1 immunoreactivity. Thus, the present study confirms that direct paternal exposure to TCDD might be associated with an alteration in the sex ratio of offspring. Possible mechanisms through which TCDD might decrease the fertility potential of Y-bearing gametes before conception are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0916-7250</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1347-7439</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1292/jvms.69.347</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17485921</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE</publisher><subject>Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; CYP1A1 ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism ; DIOXINAS ; DIOXINE ; DIOXINS ; Endocrine Disruptors - pharmacology ; Epididymis - pathology ; Female ; HISTOPATHOLOGIE ; HISTOPATHOLOGY ; HISTOPATOLOGIA ; Immunohistochemistry ; IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES ; Liver - enzymology ; Liver - pathology ; MACHO ; MALE ; MALES ; MICE ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Paternal Exposure ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; PROPORCION DE LOS SEXOS ; Random Allocation ; RATON ; Seveso data ; SEX RATIO ; sex ratio of offspring, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) ; SOURIS ; TECHNIQUE IMMUNOLOGIQUE ; TECNICAS INMUNOLOGICAS ; Testis - pathology</subject><ispartof>Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2007, Vol.69(4), pp.347-352</ispartof><rights>2007 by the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science</rights><rights>Copyright Japan Science and Technology Agency 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1883,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17485921$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ishihara, K.(Kobe Univ. (Japan))</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warita, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanida, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugawara, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitagawa, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoshi, N</creatorcontrib><title>Does paternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affect the sex ratio of offspring?</title><title>Journal of Veterinary Medical Science</title><addtitle>J. Vet. Med. Sci.</addtitle><description>In 1976, men who were exposed to the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after an explosion at a chemical plant near Seveso, Italy, produced more girls than boys. However, few studies have examined the possibility that the exposure of laboratory animals to TCDD, especially that of males, could lead to a lower male/female sex ratio. The aim of this study was to investigate whether direct paternal exposure to TCDD affects the sex ratio of offspring using a relatively large-scale experimental design. Male ICR mice (n=120) were randomly assigned to three, one of which served as a vehicle control, the other two were administered TCDD orally with an initial loading dose of 2 or 2,000 ng TCDD/kg, followed by a weekly maintenance dose of 0.4 (T2/0.4 group) or 400 (T2000/400 group) ng/kg prior to mating. The major organs of each mouse were weighed and histopathologically and immunohistologically investigated, and the sex ratio of offspring [males/(males + females) x 100] was calculated in each dam. There were no significant effects on organ weights, or on the structure of the testis and epididymis between the control and TCDD-exposed males, but TCDD administration produced a significantly lower proportion of male offspring from T2000/400-exposed sires despite no alteration in litter size (Control: 53.1+-1.7; T2/0.4: 48.8+-2.5; T2000/400: 46.2+-2.1). In addition, we further divided the T2000/400 group into 3 subgroups based on the proportion of CYP1A1-immunoreactive areas in the liver; there was a significant correlation between sex ratio and CYP1A1 immunoreactivity. Thus, the present study confirms that direct paternal exposure to TCDD might be associated with an alteration in the sex ratio of offspring. Possible mechanisms through which TCDD might decrease the fertility potential of Y-bearing gametes before conception are discussed.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Newborn</subject><subject>CYP1A1</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism</subject><subject>DIOXINAS</subject><subject>DIOXINE</subject><subject>DIOXINS</subject><subject>Endocrine Disruptors - pharmacology</subject><subject>Epididymis - pathology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>HISTOPATHOLOGIE</subject><subject>HISTOPATHOLOGY</subject><subject>HISTOPATOLOGIA</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES</subject><subject>Liver - enzymology</subject><subject>Liver - pathology</subject><subject>MACHO</subject><subject>MALE</subject><subject>MALES</subject><subject>MICE</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred ICR</subject><subject>Paternal Exposure</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>PROPORCION DE LOS SEXOS</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>RATON</subject><subject>Seveso data</subject><subject>SEX RATIO</subject><subject>sex ratio of offspring, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)</subject><subject>SOURIS</subject><subject>TECHNIQUE IMMUNOLOGIQUE</subject><subject>TECNICAS INMUNOLOGICAS</subject><subject>Testis - pathology</subject><issn>0916-7250</issn><issn>1347-7439</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1vEzEQxS0EoqFw4gyyhISolA221_HHCVDCpyrBoZyt2c042WizXmxvlfLX4yqlh0qjeYf56Y3eDCEvOVtwYcX7_fUhLZRd1FI_IjNepNKyto_JjFmuKi2W7Iw8S2nPmOBS2afkjGtpllbwGdmuAyY6QsY4QE_xOIY0RaQ5UDGv53puqow5QrvrQwybrsHhb6jGatOFYzfQd1er9fqCgvfYZpp3SBMeaYTcBRp8KZ_G2A3bD8_JEw99whd3ek5-f_l8tfpWXf78-n316bLytea58q1XVjUNmIZxq7BBq0Eps4SyQiglEY1E4GVQb6CVBVUln1-2HJEZrM_J25PvGMOfCVN2hy612PcwYJiS49ZYbbQo4JsH4D5MtzcojFRGc8GNLNTrO2pqDrhxJcwB4o37f8ACfDwB-5Rhi_cAxNy1Pbrb5zhlnTy18pz7UbuD6HAoFq9OFh6Cg23skvvxSzCmGbM1r-t_8TySIA</recordid><startdate>20070401</startdate><enddate>20070401</enddate><creator>Ishihara, K.(Kobe Univ. 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(Japan))</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warita, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanida, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugawara, T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kitagawa, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoshi, N</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Journal of Veterinary Medical Science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ishihara, K.(Kobe Univ. (Japan))</au><au>Warita, K</au><au>Tanida, T</au><au>Sugawara, T</au><au>Kitagawa, H</au><au>Hoshi, N</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Does paternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affect the sex ratio of offspring?</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Veterinary Medical Science</jtitle><addtitle>J. Vet. Med. Sci.</addtitle><date>2007-04-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>69</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>347</spage><epage>352</epage><pages>347-352</pages><issn>0916-7250</issn><eissn>1347-7439</eissn><abstract>In 1976, men who were exposed to the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) after an explosion at a chemical plant near Seveso, Italy, produced more girls than boys. However, few studies have examined the possibility that the exposure of laboratory animals to TCDD, especially that of males, could lead to a lower male/female sex ratio. The aim of this study was to investigate whether direct paternal exposure to TCDD affects the sex ratio of offspring using a relatively large-scale experimental design. Male ICR mice (n=120) were randomly assigned to three, one of which served as a vehicle control, the other two were administered TCDD orally with an initial loading dose of 2 or 2,000 ng TCDD/kg, followed by a weekly maintenance dose of 0.4 (T2/0.4 group) or 400 (T2000/400 group) ng/kg prior to mating. The major organs of each mouse were weighed and histopathologically and immunohistologically investigated, and the sex ratio of offspring [males/(males + females) x 100] was calculated in each dam. There were no significant effects on organ weights, or on the structure of the testis and epididymis between the control and TCDD-exposed males, but TCDD administration produced a significantly lower proportion of male offspring from T2000/400-exposed sires despite no alteration in litter size (Control: 53.1+-1.7; T2/0.4: 48.8+-2.5; T2000/400: 46.2+-2.1). In addition, we further divided the T2000/400 group into 3 subgroups based on the proportion of CYP1A1-immunoreactive areas in the liver; there was a significant correlation between sex ratio and CYP1A1 immunoreactivity. Thus, the present study confirms that direct paternal exposure to TCDD might be associated with an alteration in the sex ratio of offspring. Possible mechanisms through which TCDD might decrease the fertility potential of Y-bearing gametes before conception are discussed.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE</pub><pmid>17485921</pmid><doi>10.1292/jvms.69.347</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Animals, Newborn CYP1A1 Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 - metabolism DIOXINAS DIOXINE DIOXINS Endocrine Disruptors - pharmacology Epididymis - pathology Female HISTOPATHOLOGIE HISTOPATHOLOGY HISTOPATOLOGIA Immunohistochemistry IMMUNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES Liver - enzymology Liver - pathology MACHO MALE MALES MICE Mice, Inbred ICR Paternal Exposure Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins - pharmacology Pregnancy PROPORCION DE LOS SEXOS Random Allocation RATON Seveso data SEX RATIO sex ratio of offspring, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) SOURIS TECHNIQUE IMMUNOLOGIQUE TECNICAS INMUNOLOGICAS Testis - pathology |
title | Does paternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) affect the sex ratio of offspring? |
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