Racial disparity and survival outcomes between African‐American and Caucasian American men with penile cancer
Objective To determine whether there is a survival difference for African‐American men (AAM) versus Caucasian American men (CM) with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC), particularly in locally advanced and metastatic cases where disease mortality is highest. Patients and Methods Using the Florida...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BJU international 2018-05, Vol.121 (5), p.758-763 |
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| creator | Ritch, Chad R. Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh Pavan, Nicola Balise, Raymond R. Velasquez, Maria Camila Alameddine, Mahmoud Adamu, Desmond Y. Punnen, Sanoj Parekh, Dipen J. Gonzalgo, Mark L. |
| description | Objective
To determine whether there is a survival difference for African‐American men (AAM) versus Caucasian American men (CM) with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC), particularly in locally advanced and metastatic cases where disease mortality is highest.
Patients and Methods
Using the Florida Cancer Data System, we identified men with pSCC from 2005 to 2013. We compared age, follow‐up, stage, race, and treatment type between AAM and CM. We performed Kaplan–Meier analysis for overall survival (OS) between AAM and CM for all stages, and for those with locally advanced and metastatic disease. A multivariable model was developed to determine significant predictors of OS.
Results
In all, 653 men (94 AAM and 559 CM) had pSCC and 198 (30%) had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease. A higher proportion of AAM had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease compared to CM (38 [40%] vs 160 [29%], P = 0.03). The median (interquartile range) follow‐up for the entire cohort was 12.6 (5.4–32.0) months. For all stages, AAM had a significantly lower median OS compared to CM (26 vs 36 months, P = 0.03). For locally advanced and metastatic disease, there was a consistent trend toward disparity in median OS between AAM and CM (17 vs 22 months, P = 0.06). After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and treatment type, AAM with pSCC had a greater likelihood of death compared to CM (hazard ratio 1.64, P = 0.014).
Conclusions
AAM have worse OS compared to CM with pSCC and this may partly be due to advanced stage at presentation. Treatment disparity may also contribute to lessened survival in AAM, but we were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in treatment utilisation between the groups. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/bju.14110 |
| format | Article |
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To determine whether there is a survival difference for African‐American men (AAM) versus Caucasian American men (CM) with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC), particularly in locally advanced and metastatic cases where disease mortality is highest.
Patients and Methods
Using the Florida Cancer Data System, we identified men with pSCC from 2005 to 2013. We compared age, follow‐up, stage, race, and treatment type between AAM and CM. We performed Kaplan–Meier analysis for overall survival (OS) between AAM and CM for all stages, and for those with locally advanced and metastatic disease. A multivariable model was developed to determine significant predictors of OS.
Results
In all, 653 men (94 AAM and 559 CM) had pSCC and 198 (30%) had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease. A higher proportion of AAM had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease compared to CM (38 [40%] vs 160 [29%], P = 0.03). The median (interquartile range) follow‐up for the entire cohort was 12.6 (5.4–32.0) months. For all stages, AAM had a significantly lower median OS compared to CM (26 vs 36 months, P = 0.03). For locally advanced and metastatic disease, there was a consistent trend toward disparity in median OS between AAM and CM (17 vs 22 months, P = 0.06). After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and treatment type, AAM with pSCC had a greater likelihood of death compared to CM (hazard ratio 1.64, P = 0.014).
Conclusions
AAM have worse OS compared to CM with pSCC and this may partly be due to advanced stage at presentation. Treatment disparity may also contribute to lessened survival in AAM, but we were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in treatment utilisation between the groups.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1464-4096</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1464-410X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/bju.14110</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29281853</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>African Americans - statistics & numerical data ; African‐American ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy ; European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genital cancers ; Health Status Disparities ; Humans ; Male ; Metastases ; Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Penile Neoplasms - mortality ; Penile Neoplasms - pathology ; Penile Neoplasms - therapy ; PenileCancer ; Penis ; race ; Retrospective Studies ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; survival ; Survival Analysis</subject><ispartof>BJU international, 2018-05, Vol.121 (5), p.758-763</ispartof><rights>2018 The Authors BJU International © 2018 BJU International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2018 The Authors BJU International © 2018 BJU International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>BJUI © 2018 BJU International</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3880-144e1ee7f16ffcf6ee50ffaf822f39d92ba56e884143a84742363dca8779f88b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3880-144e1ee7f16ffcf6ee50ffaf822f39d92ba56e884143a84742363dca8779f88b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0320-2914</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fbju.14110$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fbju.14110$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29281853$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ritch, Chad R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pavan, Nicola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balise, Raymond R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velasquez, Maria Camila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alameddine, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamu, Desmond Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Punnen, Sanoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parekh, Dipen J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzalgo, Mark L.</creatorcontrib><title>Racial disparity and survival outcomes between African‐American and Caucasian American men with penile cancer</title><title>BJU international</title><addtitle>BJU Int</addtitle><description>Objective
To determine whether there is a survival difference for African‐American men (AAM) versus Caucasian American men (CM) with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC), particularly in locally advanced and metastatic cases where disease mortality is highest.
Patients and Methods
Using the Florida Cancer Data System, we identified men with pSCC from 2005 to 2013. We compared age, follow‐up, stage, race, and treatment type between AAM and CM. We performed Kaplan–Meier analysis for overall survival (OS) between AAM and CM for all stages, and for those with locally advanced and metastatic disease. A multivariable model was developed to determine significant predictors of OS.
Results
In all, 653 men (94 AAM and 559 CM) had pSCC and 198 (30%) had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease. A higher proportion of AAM had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease compared to CM (38 [40%] vs 160 [29%], P = 0.03). The median (interquartile range) follow‐up for the entire cohort was 12.6 (5.4–32.0) months. For all stages, AAM had a significantly lower median OS compared to CM (26 vs 36 months, P = 0.03). For locally advanced and metastatic disease, there was a consistent trend toward disparity in median OS between AAM and CM (17 vs 22 months, P = 0.06). After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and treatment type, AAM with pSCC had a greater likelihood of death compared to CM (hazard ratio 1.64, P = 0.014).
Conclusions
AAM have worse OS compared to CM with pSCC and this may partly be due to advanced stage at presentation. Treatment disparity may also contribute to lessened survival in AAM, but we were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in treatment utilisation between the groups.</description><subject>African Americans - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>African‐American</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Genital cancers</subject><subject>Health Status Disparities</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Metastasis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neoplasm Staging</subject><subject>Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</subject><subject>Penile Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Penile Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Penile Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>PenileCancer</subject><subject>Penis</subject><subject>race</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Squamous cell carcinoma</subject><subject>survival</subject><subject>Survival Analysis</subject><issn>1464-4096</issn><issn>1464-410X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9qGzEQxkVJaBynh75AWMilOdjWrLRa7dE1SdpgKJQGchNa7YjI7B9X2o3xLY-QZ8yTRLGdHAqdi0Yfv_kY5iPkK9ApxJqVq2EKHIB-IiPggk840Puj954W4oSchrCiNAoi-0xO0iKVIDM2It1vbZyuk8qFtfau3ya6rZIw-Ef3GOVu6E3XYEhK7DeIbTK33hndvjw9zxvctbuBhR6MDi7-PuQm0hvXPyRrbF2NSdQM-jNybHUd8MvhHZO766s_ix-T5a-bn4v5cmKYlHQCnCMg5haEtcYKxIxaq61MU8uKqkhLnQmUkgNnWvKcp0ywymiZ54WVsmRj8m3vu_bd3wFDrxoXDNa1brEbgoJCQi5AgIzoxT_oqht8G7dTKU2LjIuMsUhd7injuxA8WrX2rtF-q4CqtxRUTEHtUojs-cFxKBusPsj3s0dgtgc28TLb_zup77d3e8tXcVCSZQ</recordid><startdate>201805</startdate><enddate>201805</enddate><creator>Ritch, Chad R.</creator><creator>Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh</creator><creator>Pavan, Nicola</creator><creator>Balise, Raymond R.</creator><creator>Velasquez, Maria Camila</creator><creator>Alameddine, Mahmoud</creator><creator>Adamu, Desmond Y.</creator><creator>Punnen, Sanoj</creator><creator>Parekh, Dipen J.</creator><creator>Gonzalgo, Mark L.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-2914</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201805</creationdate><title>Racial disparity and survival outcomes between African‐American and Caucasian American men with penile cancer</title><author>Ritch, Chad R. ; Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh ; Pavan, Nicola ; Balise, Raymond R. ; Velasquez, Maria Camila ; Alameddine, Mahmoud ; Adamu, Desmond Y. ; Punnen, Sanoj ; Parekh, Dipen J. ; Gonzalgo, Mark L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3880-144e1ee7f16ffcf6ee50ffaf822f39d92ba56e884143a84742363dca8779f88b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>African Americans - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>African‐American</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Genital cancers</topic><topic>Health Status Disparities</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Metastasis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neoplasm Staging</topic><topic>Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</topic><topic>Penile Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Penile Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Penile Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>PenileCancer</topic><topic>Penis</topic><topic>race</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Squamous cell carcinoma</topic><topic>survival</topic><topic>Survival Analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ritch, Chad R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pavan, Nicola</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balise, Raymond R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Velasquez, Maria Camila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alameddine, Mahmoud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adamu, Desmond Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Punnen, Sanoj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parekh, Dipen J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzalgo, Mark L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>BJU international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ritch, Chad R.</au><au>Soodana‐Prakash, Nachiketh</au><au>Pavan, Nicola</au><au>Balise, Raymond R.</au><au>Velasquez, Maria Camila</au><au>Alameddine, Mahmoud</au><au>Adamu, Desmond Y.</au><au>Punnen, Sanoj</au><au>Parekh, Dipen J.</au><au>Gonzalgo, Mark L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Racial disparity and survival outcomes between African‐American and Caucasian American men with penile cancer</atitle><jtitle>BJU international</jtitle><addtitle>BJU Int</addtitle><date>2018-05</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>121</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>758</spage><epage>763</epage><pages>758-763</pages><issn>1464-4096</issn><eissn>1464-410X</eissn><abstract>Objective
To determine whether there is a survival difference for African‐American men (AAM) versus Caucasian American men (CM) with penile squamous cell carcinoma (pSCC), particularly in locally advanced and metastatic cases where disease mortality is highest.
Patients and Methods
Using the Florida Cancer Data System, we identified men with pSCC from 2005 to 2013. We compared age, follow‐up, stage, race, and treatment type between AAM and CM. We performed Kaplan–Meier analysis for overall survival (OS) between AAM and CM for all stages, and for those with locally advanced and metastatic disease. A multivariable model was developed to determine significant predictors of OS.
Results
In all, 653 men (94 AAM and 559 CM) had pSCC and 198 (30%) had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease. A higher proportion of AAM had locally advanced and/or metastatic disease compared to CM (38 [40%] vs 160 [29%], P = 0.03). The median (interquartile range) follow‐up for the entire cohort was 12.6 (5.4–32.0) months. For all stages, AAM had a significantly lower median OS compared to CM (26 vs 36 months, P = 0.03). For locally advanced and metastatic disease, there was a consistent trend toward disparity in median OS between AAM and CM (17 vs 22 months, P = 0.06). After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and treatment type, AAM with pSCC had a greater likelihood of death compared to CM (hazard ratio 1.64, P = 0.014).
Conclusions
AAM have worse OS compared to CM with pSCC and this may partly be due to advanced stage at presentation. Treatment disparity may also contribute to lessened survival in AAM, but we were unable to demonstrate a significant difference in treatment utilisation between the groups.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>29281853</pmid><doi>10.1111/bju.14110</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0320-2914</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | African Americans - statistics & numerical data African‐American Aged Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy European Continental Ancestry Group - statistics & numerical data Follow-Up Studies Genital cancers Health Status Disparities Humans Male Metastases Metastasis Middle Aged Neoplasm Staging Outcome Assessment (Health Care) Penile Neoplasms - mortality Penile Neoplasms - pathology Penile Neoplasms - therapy PenileCancer Penis race Retrospective Studies Squamous cell carcinoma survival Survival Analysis |
| title | Racial disparity and survival outcomes between African‐American and Caucasian American men with penile cancer |
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