Maternal Use of Oral Contraceptives and Risk of Hypospadias: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

The aim of this population-based case-control study was to examine the risk of isolated hypospadias in boys born to mothers who have used oral contraceptives in early pregnancy. The study was based on data from the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities from 1980 to 1996, an...

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Veröffentlicht in:	European journal of epidemiology 2006-10, Vol.21 (10), p.777-781
Hauptverfasser:	Wogelius, Pia, Horváth-Puho, Erzsébet, Pedersen, Lars, Nørgaard, Mette, Czeizel, Andrew E., Sørensen, Henrik Toft
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Abnormalities, Drug-Induced - epidemiology Adult Biological and medical sciences Birth control Birth defects Boys Case control studies Case studies Children Contraceptives Contraceptives, Oral - adverse effects Diabetes Epidemiology Etiology Female General aspects Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics Humans Hungary - epidemiology Hypospadias Hypospadias - chemically induced Hypospadias - epidemiology Infant, Newborn Logistic Models Male Male genital diseases Malformations of the urinary system Medical sciences Mothers Nephrology. Urinary tract diseases Non tumoral diseases Offspring Oral contraceptives Pregnancy Pregnancy Trimester, First Prenatal care Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Risk Factors Teratology Urinary tract. Prostate gland
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