Comparative analysis of zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead levels in lead-exposed Andean children
The objective of this study was to investigate the zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio (ZPP/heme) as a biomarker for chronic lead (Pb) poisoning in children with a history of high Pb exposure. ZPP/heme ratio was measured in blood samples from 78 children (44 females and 34 males) with persistent Pb expos...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical biochemistry 2007-07, Vol.40 (11), p.787-792 |
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| creator | Counter, S. Allen Buchanan, Leo H. Ortega, Fernando Rifai, Nader Shannon, Michael W. |
| description | The objective of this study was to investigate the zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio (ZPP/heme) as a biomarker for chronic lead (Pb) poisoning in children with a history of high Pb exposure.
ZPP/heme ratio was measured in blood samples from 78 children (44 females and 34 males) with persistent Pb exposure from Pb glazing of ceramics in a local cottage industry in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador.
Mean blood lead (PbB) level was 26.4 μg/dL (SD: 23.2; range: 4.0–107.0), and the mean ZPP/heme ratio was 152.4 μmol/mol (SD: 190.6; range: 36.0–1064.0). A regression analysis of PbB level and ZPP/heme ratio revealed a significant association (
r
=
0.761,
p
=
<
0.0001), with the logZPP showing a higher correlation with PbB (
r
=
0.869,
p
=
<
0.0001). The ZZP/heme ratio decreased significantly with increasing age (ANOVA,
p
=
0.030). The mean ZPP/heme ratios for females and males were 139.6 and 169.0 μmol/mol, respectively, and were not statistically different (
t-test,
p
=
0.504).
The elevated ZPP/heme ratios, coupled with high PbB levels observed in this cohort of Andean children of Pb-glazing workers, suggest chronic Pb intoxication and probable iron deficiency. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.03.003 |
| format | Article |
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ZPP/heme ratio was measured in blood samples from 78 children (44 females and 34 males) with persistent Pb exposure from Pb glazing of ceramics in a local cottage industry in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador.
Mean blood lead (PbB) level was 26.4 μg/dL (SD: 23.2; range: 4.0–107.0), and the mean ZPP/heme ratio was 152.4 μmol/mol (SD: 190.6; range: 36.0–1064.0). A regression analysis of PbB level and ZPP/heme ratio revealed a significant association (
r
=
0.761,
p
=
<
0.0001), with the logZPP showing a higher correlation with PbB (
r
=
0.869,
p
=
<
0.0001). The ZZP/heme ratio decreased significantly with increasing age (ANOVA,
p
=
0.030). The mean ZPP/heme ratios for females and males were 139.6 and 169.0 μmol/mol, respectively, and were not statistically different (
t-test,
p
=
0.504).
The elevated ZPP/heme ratios, coupled with high PbB levels observed in this cohort of Andean children of Pb-glazing workers, suggest chronic Pb intoxication and probable iron deficiency.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-9120</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2933</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.03.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17462618</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Age Distribution ; Andes ; Anemia ; Blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ecuador - epidemiology ; Female ; Heme - metabolism ; Hemoglobin ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron deficiency ; Lead ; Lead - blood ; Lead Poisoning - blood ; Lead Poisoning - epidemiology ; Male ; Protoporphyrins - blood ; Zinc protoporphyrin</subject><ispartof>Clinical biochemistry, 2007-07, Vol.40 (11), p.787-792</ispartof><rights>2007 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-47f5fc8ed293536e97b9172972c46318169186906a397e2ed7876472a76203bf3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-47f5fc8ed293536e97b9172972c46318169186906a397e2ed7876472a76203bf3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.03.003$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17462618$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Counter, S. Allen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buchanan, Leo H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortega, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rifai, Nader</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shannon, Michael W.</creatorcontrib><title>Comparative analysis of zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead levels in lead-exposed Andean children</title><title>Clinical biochemistry</title><addtitle>Clin Biochem</addtitle><description>The objective of this study was to investigate the zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio (ZPP/heme) as a biomarker for chronic lead (Pb) poisoning in children with a history of high Pb exposure.
ZPP/heme ratio was measured in blood samples from 78 children (44 females and 34 males) with persistent Pb exposure from Pb glazing of ceramics in a local cottage industry in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador.
Mean blood lead (PbB) level was 26.4 μg/dL (SD: 23.2; range: 4.0–107.0), and the mean ZPP/heme ratio was 152.4 μmol/mol (SD: 190.6; range: 36.0–1064.0). A regression analysis of PbB level and ZPP/heme ratio revealed a significant association (
r
=
0.761,
p
=
<
0.0001), with the logZPP showing a higher correlation with PbB (
r
=
0.869,
p
=
<
0.0001). The ZZP/heme ratio decreased significantly with increasing age (ANOVA,
p
=
0.030). The mean ZPP/heme ratios for females and males were 139.6 and 169.0 μmol/mol, respectively, and were not statistically different (
t-test,
p
=
0.504).
The elevated ZPP/heme ratios, coupled with high PbB levels observed in this cohort of Andean children of Pb-glazing workers, suggest chronic Pb intoxication and probable iron deficiency.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Andes</subject><subject>Anemia</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Ecuador - epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Heme - metabolism</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Iron deficiency</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Lead - blood</subject><subject>Lead Poisoning - blood</subject><subject>Lead Poisoning - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Protoporphyrins - blood</subject><subject>Zinc protoporphyrin</subject><issn>0009-9120</issn><issn>1873-2933</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE1rGzEQhkVpadwkf6Eol952q4-NtDoGk49CoJf2LLTSLJbRSltpbeL8-srYkBxzmWGY9513eBC6oaSlhIqf29YGHwef7AamlhEiW8JbQvgntKK95A1TnH9GK0KIahRl5AJ9K2VbR9b14iu6oLITTNB-hcw6TbPJZvF7wCaacCi-4DTiVx8tnnNa0pzyvDlkH-ve4SGk5HAAcyx7CAXXxXFs4GVOBRy-iw5MxHbjg8sQr9CX0YQC1-d-if4-3P9ZPzXPvx9_re-eG9sRsTSdHG9H24Orv99yAUoOikqmJLOd4LSnQtFeKCIMVxIYONlL0UlmpGCEDyO_RD9Od-vT_3ZQFj35YiEEEyHtiqZKUtoRWYXqJLQ5lZJh1HP2k8kHTYk-8tVb_Y6vPvLVhOvKt3q_n0N2wwTuzXkGWgXrk6CSgb2HrIv1EC04n8Eu2iX_gZj_pCiR4Q</recordid><startdate>20070701</startdate><enddate>20070701</enddate><creator>Counter, S. Allen</creator><creator>Buchanan, Leo H.</creator><creator>Ortega, Fernando</creator><creator>Rifai, Nader</creator><creator>Shannon, Michael W.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070701</creationdate><title>Comparative analysis of zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead levels in lead-exposed Andean children</title><author>Counter, S. Allen ; Buchanan, Leo H. ; Ortega, Fernando ; Rifai, Nader ; Shannon, Michael W.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-47f5fc8ed293536e97b9172972c46318169186906a397e2ed7876472a76203bf3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Age Distribution</topic><topic>Andes</topic><topic>Anemia</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Ecuador - epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Heme - metabolism</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Iron deficiency</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Lead - blood</topic><topic>Lead Poisoning - blood</topic><topic>Lead Poisoning - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Protoporphyrins - blood</topic><topic>Zinc protoporphyrin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Counter, S. Allen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buchanan, Leo H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ortega, Fernando</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rifai, Nader</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shannon, Michael W.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Clinical biochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Counter, S. Allen</au><au>Buchanan, Leo H.</au><au>Ortega, Fernando</au><au>Rifai, Nader</au><au>Shannon, Michael W.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comparative analysis of zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead levels in lead-exposed Andean children</atitle><jtitle>Clinical biochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Biochem</addtitle><date>2007-07-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>787</spage><epage>792</epage><pages>787-792</pages><issn>0009-9120</issn><eissn>1873-2933</eissn><abstract>The objective of this study was to investigate the zinc protoporphyrin/heme ratio (ZPP/heme) as a biomarker for chronic lead (Pb) poisoning in children with a history of high Pb exposure.
ZPP/heme ratio was measured in blood samples from 78 children (44 females and 34 males) with persistent Pb exposure from Pb glazing of ceramics in a local cottage industry in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador.
Mean blood lead (PbB) level was 26.4 μg/dL (SD: 23.2; range: 4.0–107.0), and the mean ZPP/heme ratio was 152.4 μmol/mol (SD: 190.6; range: 36.0–1064.0). A regression analysis of PbB level and ZPP/heme ratio revealed a significant association (
r
=
0.761,
p
=
<
0.0001), with the logZPP showing a higher correlation with PbB (
r
=
0.869,
p
=
<
0.0001). The ZZP/heme ratio decreased significantly with increasing age (ANOVA,
p
=
0.030). The mean ZPP/heme ratios for females and males were 139.6 and 169.0 μmol/mol, respectively, and were not statistically different (
t-test,
p
=
0.504).
The elevated ZPP/heme ratios, coupled with high PbB levels observed in this cohort of Andean children of Pb-glazing workers, suggest chronic Pb intoxication and probable iron deficiency.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>17462618</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.03.003</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0009-9120 |
| ispartof | Clinical biochemistry, 2007-07, Vol.40 (11), p.787-792 |
| issn | 0009-9120 1873-2933 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_19711407 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete |
| subjects | Adolescent Age Distribution Andes Anemia Blood Child Child, Preschool Ecuador - epidemiology Female Heme - metabolism Hemoglobin Humans Infant Iron deficiency Lead Lead - blood Lead Poisoning - blood Lead Poisoning - epidemiology Male Protoporphyrins - blood Zinc protoporphyrin |
| title | Comparative analysis of zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead levels in lead-exposed Andean children |
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