Seasonal feeding strategies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region
The feeding strategies of Calanus hyperboreus, C. glacialis, and C. finmarchicus were investigated in the high-Arctic Svalbard region (77–81 °N) in May, August, and December, including seasons with algal blooms, late- to post-bloom situations, and unproductive winter periods. Stable isotope and fatt...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography Topical studies in oceanography, 2008-10, Vol.55 (20), p.2225-2244 |
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| creator | Søreide, Janne E. Falk-Petersen, Stig Hegseth, Else Nøst Hop, Haakon Carroll, Michael L. Hobson, Keith A. Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna |
| description | The feeding strategies of
Calanus hyperboreus,
C. glacialis, and
C. finmarchicus were investigated in the high-Arctic Svalbard region (77–81
°N) in May, August, and December, including seasons with algal blooms, late- to post-bloom situations, and unproductive winter periods. Stable isotope and fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) techniques were employed together to assess trophic level (TL), carbon sources (phytoplankton vs. ice algae), and diet of the three
Calanus species. In addition, population development, distribution, and nutritional state (i.e. storage lipids) were examined to estimate their population status at the time of sampling.
In May and August, the vertical distribution of the three
Calanus species usually coincided with the maximum algal biomass. Their stable isotope and fatty acid (FA) composition indicated that they all were essentially herbivores in May, when the algal biomass was highest. Their FA composition, however, revealed different food preferences.
C. hyperboreus had high proportions of 18:4n3, suggesting that it fed mainly on
Phaeocystis, whereas
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus had high proportions of 16:4n1, 16:1n7, and 20:5n3, suggesting diatoms as their major food source. Carbon sources (i.e. phytoplankton vs. ice algae) were not possible to determine solely from FATM techniques since ice-diatoms and pelagic-diatoms were characterised by the same FA. However, the enriched
δ
13C values of
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus in May indicated that they fed both on pelagic- and ice-diatoms. Patterns in absolute FA and fatty alcohol composition revealed that diatoms were the most important food for
C. hyperboreus and
C. glacialis, followed by
Phaeocystis, whereas diatoms,
Phaeocystis and other small autotrophic flagellates were equally important food for
C. finmarchicus. During periods of lower algal biomass, only
C. glacialis exhibited evidence of significant dietary switch, with a TL indicative of omnivory (mean TL=2.4). Large spatial variability was observed in population development, distribution, and lipid store sizes in August. At the northernmost station at the southern margin of the Arctic Ocean, the three
Calanus species had similarly low lipid stores as they had in May, suggesting that they ascended later in the year.
In December, relatively lipid-rich specimens had TL similar to those during the peak productive season (TL≈2.0), suggesting that they were hibernating and not feeding on the available refractory material avail |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.05.024 |
| format | Article |
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Calanus hyperboreus,
C. glacialis, and
C. finmarchicus were investigated in the high-Arctic Svalbard region (77–81
°N) in May, August, and December, including seasons with algal blooms, late- to post-bloom situations, and unproductive winter periods. Stable isotope and fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) techniques were employed together to assess trophic level (TL), carbon sources (phytoplankton vs. ice algae), and diet of the three
Calanus species. In addition, population development, distribution, and nutritional state (i.e. storage lipids) were examined to estimate their population status at the time of sampling.
In May and August, the vertical distribution of the three
Calanus species usually coincided with the maximum algal biomass. Their stable isotope and fatty acid (FA) composition indicated that they all were essentially herbivores in May, when the algal biomass was highest. Their FA composition, however, revealed different food preferences.
C. hyperboreus had high proportions of 18:4n3, suggesting that it fed mainly on
Phaeocystis, whereas
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus had high proportions of 16:4n1, 16:1n7, and 20:5n3, suggesting diatoms as their major food source. Carbon sources (i.e. phytoplankton vs. ice algae) were not possible to determine solely from FATM techniques since ice-diatoms and pelagic-diatoms were characterised by the same FA. However, the enriched
δ
13C values of
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus in May indicated that they fed both on pelagic- and ice-diatoms. Patterns in absolute FA and fatty alcohol composition revealed that diatoms were the most important food for
C. hyperboreus and
C. glacialis, followed by
Phaeocystis, whereas diatoms,
Phaeocystis and other small autotrophic flagellates were equally important food for
C. finmarchicus. During periods of lower algal biomass, only
C. glacialis exhibited evidence of significant dietary switch, with a TL indicative of omnivory (mean TL=2.4). Large spatial variability was observed in population development, distribution, and lipid store sizes in August. At the northernmost station at the southern margin of the Arctic Ocean, the three
Calanus species had similarly low lipid stores as they had in May, suggesting that they ascended later in the year.
In December, relatively lipid-rich specimens had TL similar to those during the peak productive season (TL≈2.0), suggesting that they were hibernating and not feeding on the available refractory material available at that time of the year. In contrast, lipid-poor specimens in December had substantially high TL (TL=2.5), suggesting that they were active and possibly were feeding.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0967-0645</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-0100</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.05.024</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Calanus hyperboreus ; Carbon source ; Herbivory ; Marine ; Omnivory ; Phaeocystis ; Spitsbergen ; Stable isotopes ; Trophic markers</subject><ispartof>Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography, 2008-10, Vol.55 (20), p.2225-2244</ispartof><rights>2008 Elsevier Ltd</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-395842a40d3b80f72e3e20eb37538a1df1cf570fff75edb5040db93a31aa1ec73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-395842a40d3b80f72e3e20eb37538a1df1cf570fff75edb5040db93a31aa1ec73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.05.024$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Søreide, Janne E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Falk-Petersen, Stig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegseth, Else Nøst</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hop, Haakon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carroll, Michael L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hobson, Keith A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna</creatorcontrib><title>Seasonal feeding strategies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region</title><title>Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography</title><description>The feeding strategies of
Calanus hyperboreus,
C. glacialis, and
C. finmarchicus were investigated in the high-Arctic Svalbard region (77–81
°N) in May, August, and December, including seasons with algal blooms, late- to post-bloom situations, and unproductive winter periods. Stable isotope and fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) techniques were employed together to assess trophic level (TL), carbon sources (phytoplankton vs. ice algae), and diet of the three
Calanus species. In addition, population development, distribution, and nutritional state (i.e. storage lipids) were examined to estimate their population status at the time of sampling.
In May and August, the vertical distribution of the three
Calanus species usually coincided with the maximum algal biomass. Their stable isotope and fatty acid (FA) composition indicated that they all were essentially herbivores in May, when the algal biomass was highest. Their FA composition, however, revealed different food preferences.
C. hyperboreus had high proportions of 18:4n3, suggesting that it fed mainly on
Phaeocystis, whereas
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus had high proportions of 16:4n1, 16:1n7, and 20:5n3, suggesting diatoms as their major food source. Carbon sources (i.e. phytoplankton vs. ice algae) were not possible to determine solely from FATM techniques since ice-diatoms and pelagic-diatoms were characterised by the same FA. However, the enriched
δ
13C values of
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus in May indicated that they fed both on pelagic- and ice-diatoms. Patterns in absolute FA and fatty alcohol composition revealed that diatoms were the most important food for
C. hyperboreus and
C. glacialis, followed by
Phaeocystis, whereas diatoms,
Phaeocystis and other small autotrophic flagellates were equally important food for
C. finmarchicus. During periods of lower algal biomass, only
C. glacialis exhibited evidence of significant dietary switch, with a TL indicative of omnivory (mean TL=2.4). Large spatial variability was observed in population development, distribution, and lipid store sizes in August. At the northernmost station at the southern margin of the Arctic Ocean, the three
Calanus species had similarly low lipid stores as they had in May, suggesting that they ascended later in the year.
In December, relatively lipid-rich specimens had TL similar to those during the peak productive season (TL≈2.0), suggesting that they were hibernating and not feeding on the available refractory material available at that time of the year. In contrast, lipid-poor specimens in December had substantially high TL (TL=2.5), suggesting that they were active and possibly were feeding.</description><subject>Calanus hyperboreus</subject><subject>Carbon source</subject><subject>Herbivory</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Omnivory</subject><subject>Phaeocystis</subject><subject>Spitsbergen</subject><subject>Stable isotopes</subject><subject>Trophic markers</subject><issn>0967-0645</issn><issn>1879-0100</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2008</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kLFOwzAQQC0EEqXwA0ye2BLOdpw4EktVQalUiaEwW45zbl2lSbHTSvw9rsrMdMt7p7tHyCODnAErn3d5GwPPOYDKQebAiysyYaqqM2AA12QCdVllUBbyltzFuAMAIcp6QpZrNHHoTUcdYuv7DY1jMCNuPEY6ODo3nemPkfqejlukW7_ZZrNgR2_p-mS6xoSWhkQP_T25caaL-PA3p-Tr7fVz_p6tPhbL-WyVWSHYmIlaqoKbAlrRKHAVR4EcsBGVFMqw1jHrZAXOuUpi20hIZFMLI5gxDG0lpuTpsvcQhu8jxlHvfbTYpTtxOEbN6rKWXKkE8gtowxBjQKcPwe9N-NEM9Lma3ulzNX2upkHqVC1JLxcJ0wsnj0FH67G3qU1AO-p28P_pvwlhdXk</recordid><startdate>20081001</startdate><enddate>20081001</enddate><creator>Søreide, Janne E.</creator><creator>Falk-Petersen, Stig</creator><creator>Hegseth, Else Nøst</creator><creator>Hop, Haakon</creator><creator>Carroll, Michael L.</creator><creator>Hobson, Keith A.</creator><creator>Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20081001</creationdate><title>Seasonal feeding strategies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region</title><author>Søreide, Janne E. ; Falk-Petersen, Stig ; Hegseth, Else Nøst ; Hop, Haakon ; Carroll, Michael L. ; Hobson, Keith A. ; Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c331t-395842a40d3b80f72e3e20eb37538a1df1cf570fff75edb5040db93a31aa1ec73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2008</creationdate><topic>Calanus hyperboreus</topic><topic>Carbon source</topic><topic>Herbivory</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Omnivory</topic><topic>Phaeocystis</topic><topic>Spitsbergen</topic><topic>Stable isotopes</topic><topic>Trophic markers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Søreide, Janne E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Falk-Petersen, Stig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hegseth, Else Nøst</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hop, Haakon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carroll, Michael L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hobson, Keith A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Søreide, Janne E.</au><au>Falk-Petersen, Stig</au><au>Hegseth, Else Nøst</au><au>Hop, Haakon</au><au>Carroll, Michael L.</au><au>Hobson, Keith A.</au><au>Blachowiak-Samolyk, Katarzyna</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Seasonal feeding strategies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region</atitle><jtitle>Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography</jtitle><date>2008-10-01</date><risdate>2008</risdate><volume>55</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>2225</spage><epage>2244</epage><pages>2225-2244</pages><issn>0967-0645</issn><eissn>1879-0100</eissn><abstract>The feeding strategies of
Calanus hyperboreus,
C. glacialis, and
C. finmarchicus were investigated in the high-Arctic Svalbard region (77–81
°N) in May, August, and December, including seasons with algal blooms, late- to post-bloom situations, and unproductive winter periods. Stable isotope and fatty acid trophic marker (FATM) techniques were employed together to assess trophic level (TL), carbon sources (phytoplankton vs. ice algae), and diet of the three
Calanus species. In addition, population development, distribution, and nutritional state (i.e. storage lipids) were examined to estimate their population status at the time of sampling.
In May and August, the vertical distribution of the three
Calanus species usually coincided with the maximum algal biomass. Their stable isotope and fatty acid (FA) composition indicated that they all were essentially herbivores in May, when the algal biomass was highest. Their FA composition, however, revealed different food preferences.
C. hyperboreus had high proportions of 18:4n3, suggesting that it fed mainly on
Phaeocystis, whereas
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus had high proportions of 16:4n1, 16:1n7, and 20:5n3, suggesting diatoms as their major food source. Carbon sources (i.e. phytoplankton vs. ice algae) were not possible to determine solely from FATM techniques since ice-diatoms and pelagic-diatoms were characterised by the same FA. However, the enriched
δ
13C values of
C. glacialis and
C. finmarchicus in May indicated that they fed both on pelagic- and ice-diatoms. Patterns in absolute FA and fatty alcohol composition revealed that diatoms were the most important food for
C. hyperboreus and
C. glacialis, followed by
Phaeocystis, whereas diatoms,
Phaeocystis and other small autotrophic flagellates were equally important food for
C. finmarchicus. During periods of lower algal biomass, only
C. glacialis exhibited evidence of significant dietary switch, with a TL indicative of omnivory (mean TL=2.4). Large spatial variability was observed in population development, distribution, and lipid store sizes in August. At the northernmost station at the southern margin of the Arctic Ocean, the three
Calanus species had similarly low lipid stores as they had in May, suggesting that they ascended later in the year.
In December, relatively lipid-rich specimens had TL similar to those during the peak productive season (TL≈2.0), suggesting that they were hibernating and not feeding on the available refractory material available at that time of the year. In contrast, lipid-poor specimens in December had substantially high TL (TL=2.5), suggesting that they were active and possibly were feeding.</abstract><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><doi>10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.05.024</doi><tpages>20</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0967-0645 |
| ispartof | Deep-sea research. Part II, Topical studies in oceanography, 2008-10, Vol.55 (20), p.2225-2244 |
| issn | 0967-0645 1879-0100 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_19695288 |
| source | Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Calanus hyperboreus Carbon source Herbivory Marine Omnivory Phaeocystis Spitsbergen Stable isotopes Trophic markers |
| title | Seasonal feeding strategies of Calanus in the high-Arctic Svalbard region |
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