Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study
•Gender identity disorder is a persistent cross-gender identification with uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender.•During cross-sex hormone therapy, hormonal and metabolic changes occur both in male-to-female and female-to-male subjects.•Metabolic changes during cross-sex hormone therapy appe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Maturitas 2018-01, Vol.107, p.92-96 |
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| creator | Vita, Roberto Settineri, Salvatore Liotta, Marco Benvenga, Salvatore Trimarchi, Francesco |
| description | •Gender identity disorder is a persistent cross-gender identification with uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender.•During cross-sex hormone therapy, hormonal and metabolic changes occur both in male-to-female and female-to-male subjects.•Metabolic changes during cross-sex hormone therapy appear, overall, to be modest, confirming its safety.
Gender identity disorder is defined as a strong and persistent cross-gender identification that is associated with a remarkable uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender (gender dysphoria). We performed a retrospective study on the hormonal and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) in a small cohort of transgender patients.
Retrospective study.
Hormonal and biochemical parameters at baseline (i.e. before commencement of CSHT) and while on CSHT in 32 patients (21 male to female [MtF], 11 female to male [FtM]) referred to our Endocrinology Unit for gender dysphoria between January 2012 and February 2017.
Compared with baseline, in MtF patients systolic blood pressure, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and total testosterone decreased significantly, while 17-β estradiol and SHBG increased significantly and trendwise significantly, respectively. In FtM patients, total testosterone, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, ɣ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly, while fasting plasma glucose decreased trendwise significantly. In MtF patients 17-β estradiol correlated positively with SHBG and alkaline phosphatase and negatively with total cholesterol and HDL-c, whereas total testosterone correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, red cell count and hematocrit, and negatively with SHBG. In FtM patients total testosterone correlated positively with creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, while 17-β estradiol correlated positively with HDL-c.
Our data are partly in line with other studies concerning the impact of CSHT on hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender people. Metabolic changes appear, overall, to be modest, confirming the safety of CSHT. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.012 |
| format | Article |
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Gender identity disorder is defined as a strong and persistent cross-gender identification that is associated with a remarkable uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender (gender dysphoria). We performed a retrospective study on the hormonal and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) in a small cohort of transgender patients.
Retrospective study.
Hormonal and biochemical parameters at baseline (i.e. before commencement of CSHT) and while on CSHT in 32 patients (21 male to female [MtF], 11 female to male [FtM]) referred to our Endocrinology Unit for gender dysphoria between January 2012 and February 2017.
Compared with baseline, in MtF patients systolic blood pressure, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and total testosterone decreased significantly, while 17-β estradiol and SHBG increased significantly and trendwise significantly, respectively. In FtM patients, total testosterone, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, ɣ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly, while fasting plasma glucose decreased trendwise significantly. In MtF patients 17-β estradiol correlated positively with SHBG and alkaline phosphatase and negatively with total cholesterol and HDL-c, whereas total testosterone correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, red cell count and hematocrit, and negatively with SHBG. In FtM patients total testosterone correlated positively with creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, while 17-β estradiol correlated positively with HDL-c.
Our data are partly in line with other studies concerning the impact of CSHT on hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender people. Metabolic changes appear, overall, to be modest, confirming the safety of CSHT.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0378-5122</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4111</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.012</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29169588</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Ireland: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase - blood ; Androgens - blood ; Androgens - therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose - analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol - blood ; Cross-sex hormone therapy ; Erythrocyte Count ; Estradiol - blood ; Estradiol - therapeutic use ; Estrogens - blood ; Estrogens - therapeutic use ; Female ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood ; Gender Dysphoria ; Gender identity dysphoria ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins ; Hormones ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic parameters ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis ; Testosterone - blood ; Testosterone - therapeutic use ; Transgender people ; Transgender Persons ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Maturitas, 2018-01, Vol.107, p.92-96</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-c052c1989353e436d277a9fce1fe8f013f67e52b26bc2e35743d80e49bc196f33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-c052c1989353e436d277a9fce1fe8f013f67e52b26bc2e35743d80e49bc196f33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378512217307053$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29169588$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vita, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Settineri, Salvatore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liotta, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benvenga, Salvatore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trimarchi, Francesco</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study</title><title>Maturitas</title><addtitle>Maturitas</addtitle><description>•Gender identity disorder is a persistent cross-gender identification with uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender.•During cross-sex hormone therapy, hormonal and metabolic changes occur both in male-to-female and female-to-male subjects.•Metabolic changes during cross-sex hormone therapy appear, overall, to be modest, confirming its safety.
Gender identity disorder is defined as a strong and persistent cross-gender identification that is associated with a remarkable uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender (gender dysphoria). We performed a retrospective study on the hormonal and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) in a small cohort of transgender patients.
Retrospective study.
Hormonal and biochemical parameters at baseline (i.e. before commencement of CSHT) and while on CSHT in 32 patients (21 male to female [MtF], 11 female to male [FtM]) referred to our Endocrinology Unit for gender dysphoria between January 2012 and February 2017.
Compared with baseline, in MtF patients systolic blood pressure, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and total testosterone decreased significantly, while 17-β estradiol and SHBG increased significantly and trendwise significantly, respectively. In FtM patients, total testosterone, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, ɣ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly, while fasting plasma glucose decreased trendwise significantly. In MtF patients 17-β estradiol correlated positively with SHBG and alkaline phosphatase and negatively with total cholesterol and HDL-c, whereas total testosterone correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, red cell count and hematocrit, and negatively with SHBG. In FtM patients total testosterone correlated positively with creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, while 17-β estradiol correlated positively with HDL-c.
Our data are partly in line with other studies concerning the impact of CSHT on hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender people. Metabolic changes appear, overall, to be modest, confirming the safety of CSHT.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alkaline Phosphatase - blood</subject><subject>Androgens - blood</subject><subject>Androgens - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - analysis</subject><subject>Blood Pressure</subject><subject>Cholesterol - blood</subject><subject>Cross-sex hormone therapy</subject><subject>Erythrocyte Count</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>Estradiol - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Estrogens - blood</subject><subject>Estrogens - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood</subject><subject>Gender Dysphoria</subject><subject>Gender identity dysphoria</subject><subject>Hematocrit</subject><subject>Hemoglobins</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metabolic parameters</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis</subject><subject>Testosterone - blood</subject><subject>Testosterone - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Transgender people</subject><subject>Transgender Persons</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0378-5122</issn><issn>1873-4111</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1v3CAQhlHVqNkm-Qstx168ZcA2uLfVKv2QIvXSnBHG4ywrGzaAq-6_L5vd5toTYuZ5ZzQPIR-BrYFB-3m_nk1eossmrTkDWaprBvwNWYGSoqoB4C1ZMSFV1QDn1-R9SnvGWMNE_Y5c8w7arlFqRZ63O-OfMFHn6S7EOXgzUeMHOmM2fZicpQcTTflhfIFyND49oR8w0rT0e7Q50eCpjSGlKuGfyxikeYfRHI5f6IbaUIqZprwMx1tyNZop4d3lvSGPX-9_bb9XDz-__dhuHiorJOTKsoZb6FQnGoG1aAcupelGizCiGhmIsZXY8J63veUoGlmLQTGsu76k2lGIG_LpPPcQw_OCKevZJYvTZDyGJelCqbquFYeCyjP6ckTEUR-im008amD65Fvv9atvffJ9ahTfJfnhsmTpZxxec_8EF2BzBrCc-tth1Mk69BYHF4s6PQT33yV_AdHEl54</recordid><startdate>201801</startdate><enddate>201801</enddate><creator>Vita, Roberto</creator><creator>Settineri, Salvatore</creator><creator>Liotta, Marco</creator><creator>Benvenga, Salvatore</creator><creator>Trimarchi, Francesco</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201801</creationdate><title>Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study</title><author>Vita, Roberto ; Settineri, Salvatore ; Liotta, Marco ; Benvenga, Salvatore ; Trimarchi, Francesco</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-c052c1989353e436d277a9fce1fe8f013f67e52b26bc2e35743d80e49bc196f33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alkaline Phosphatase - blood</topic><topic>Androgens - blood</topic><topic>Androgens - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - analysis</topic><topic>Blood Pressure</topic><topic>Cholesterol - blood</topic><topic>Cross-sex hormone therapy</topic><topic>Erythrocyte Count</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>Estradiol - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Estrogens - blood</topic><topic>Estrogens - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood</topic><topic>Gender Dysphoria</topic><topic>Gender identity dysphoria</topic><topic>Hematocrit</topic><topic>Hemoglobins</topic><topic>Hormones</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Metabolic parameters</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis</topic><topic>Testosterone - blood</topic><topic>Testosterone - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Transgender people</topic><topic>Transgender Persons</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vita, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Settineri, Salvatore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liotta, Marco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benvenga, Salvatore</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trimarchi, Francesco</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Maturitas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vita, Roberto</au><au>Settineri, Salvatore</au><au>Liotta, Marco</au><au>Benvenga, Salvatore</au><au>Trimarchi, Francesco</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study</atitle><jtitle>Maturitas</jtitle><addtitle>Maturitas</addtitle><date>2018-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>107</volume><spage>92</spage><epage>96</epage><pages>92-96</pages><issn>0378-5122</issn><eissn>1873-4111</eissn><abstract>•Gender identity disorder is a persistent cross-gender identification with uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender.•During cross-sex hormone therapy, hormonal and metabolic changes occur both in male-to-female and female-to-male subjects.•Metabolic changes during cross-sex hormone therapy appear, overall, to be modest, confirming its safety.
Gender identity disorder is defined as a strong and persistent cross-gender identification that is associated with a remarkable uneasiness of living in an incongruent gender (gender dysphoria). We performed a retrospective study on the hormonal and metabolic effects of cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) in a small cohort of transgender patients.
Retrospective study.
Hormonal and biochemical parameters at baseline (i.e. before commencement of CSHT) and while on CSHT in 32 patients (21 male to female [MtF], 11 female to male [FtM]) referred to our Endocrinology Unit for gender dysphoria between January 2012 and February 2017.
Compared with baseline, in MtF patients systolic blood pressure, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and total testosterone decreased significantly, while 17-β estradiol and SHBG increased significantly and trendwise significantly, respectively. In FtM patients, total testosterone, red cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, creatinine, ɣ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase increased significantly, while fasting plasma glucose decreased trendwise significantly. In MtF patients 17-β estradiol correlated positively with SHBG and alkaline phosphatase and negatively with total cholesterol and HDL-c, whereas total testosterone correlated positively with systolic blood pressure, red cell count and hematocrit, and negatively with SHBG. In FtM patients total testosterone correlated positively with creatinine and alkaline phosphatase, while 17-β estradiol correlated positively with HDL-c.
Our data are partly in line with other studies concerning the impact of CSHT on hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender people. Metabolic changes appear, overall, to be modest, confirming the safety of CSHT.</abstract><cop>Ireland</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>29169588</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.012</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Maturitas, 2018-01, Vol.107, p.92-96 |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Alkaline Phosphatase - blood Androgens - blood Androgens - therapeutic use Blood Glucose - analysis Blood Pressure Cholesterol - blood Cross-sex hormone therapy Erythrocyte Count Estradiol - blood Estradiol - therapeutic use Estrogens - blood Estrogens - therapeutic use Female gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood Gender Dysphoria Gender identity dysphoria Hematocrit Hemoglobins Hormones Humans Male Metabolic parameters Retrospective Studies Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin - analysis Testosterone - blood Testosterone - therapeutic use Transgender people Transgender Persons Young Adult |
| title | Changes in hormonal and metabolic parameters in transgender subjects on cross-sex hormone therapy: A cohort study |
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