Evaluation of Levels, Sources and Health Hazards of Road-Dust Associated Toxic Metals in Jalalabad and Kabul Cities, Afghanistan
This study was designed to investigate selected road-dust associated heavy metals, their relations with natural and anthropogenic sources, and potential human and environmental health risks. For this purpose, 42 and 36 road-dusts samples were collected from Jalalabad and Kabul cities (Afghanistan),...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2018-01, Vol.74 (1), p.32-45 |
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| creator | Jadoon, Waqar Azeem Khpalwak, Wahdatullah Chidya, Russel Chrispine Garven Abdel-Dayem, Sherif Mohamed Mohamed Ali Takeda, Kazuhiko Makhdoom, Masood Arshad Sakugawa, Hiroshi |
| description | This study was designed to investigate selected road-dust associated heavy metals, their relations with natural and anthropogenic sources, and potential human and environmental health risks. For this purpose, 42 and 36 road-dusts samples were collected from Jalalabad and Kabul cities (Afghanistan), respectively. The following elements were found in descending concentrations: Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co, and Cd in Jalalabad; and Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Co, and Cd in Kabul. Except for Ni, all the elemental contents were less than the Canadian permissible limits in residential/parkland soils. Principle Component Analysis and enrichment of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn pointed to anthropogenic sources, whereas Co, Cr, and Mn indicated crustal inputs. Broadly, Cd monomial risk index (
E
r
i
) was considerable; however, one site each in both cities showed high risk (
E
r
i
≥ 350). The potential ecological risk (RI) is mostly low; however, at some sites, the risk was considerable. Ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route (99%) for heavy metals and contributed > 90% to noncancerous (all residents), as well as 92% (children) and 75–89% (adults) cancerous risks. The noncancerous risks of all metals and their integrated risks for all residents were within acceptable levels. Moreover, potential cancer risks in children from Ni and Cr were slightly higher than the US-EPA safe levels but were within acceptable levels for adults. This study found higher risks to children and therefore recommends proper management and ways to control metals pollution load in these areas to decrease human health and RIs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00244-017-0475-9 |
| format | Article |
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E
r
i
) was considerable; however, one site each in both cities showed high risk (
E
r
i
≥ 350). The potential ecological risk (RI) is mostly low; however, at some sites, the risk was considerable. Ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route (99%) for heavy metals and contributed > 90% to noncancerous (all residents), as well as 92% (children) and 75–89% (adults) cancerous risks. The noncancerous risks of all metals and their integrated risks for all residents were within acceptable levels. Moreover, potential cancer risks in children from Ni and Cr were slightly higher than the US-EPA safe levels but were within acceptable levels for adults. This study found higher risks to children and therefore recommends proper management and ways to control metals pollution load in these areas to decrease human health and RIs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-4341</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0703</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0475-9</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29159702</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adult ; Adults ; Afghanistan ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Air Pollutants - toxicity ; Anthropogenic factors ; Cadmium ; Cancer ; Carcinogens - analysis ; Carcinogens - toxicity ; Child ; Children ; Chromium ; Cities ; Copper ; Dust ; Dust - analysis ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Ecotoxicology ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Exposure - analysis ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Monitoring - methods ; Environmental Pollution - adverse effects ; Environmental Pollution - analysis ; Environmental quality ; Health hazards ; Health risk assessment ; Health risks ; Heavy metals ; Humans ; Ingestion ; Investigations ; Lead ; Manganese ; Metals ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Metals, Heavy - toxicity ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nickel ; Pollution ; Pollution control ; Pollution load ; Principal components analysis ; Public Health ; Risk Assessment ; Risk factors ; Roads ; Soil analysis ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil Pollutants - toxicity ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Toxic hazards ; Toxicology ; Vehicles ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2018-01, Vol.74 (1), p.32-45</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2017</rights><rights>Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology is a copyright of Springer, (2017). All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-86326783edc8c3c21ac65ed98c61dd994eb3fbce13f5c91d42677e1f68c06e293</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-86326783edc8c3c21ac65ed98c61dd994eb3fbce13f5c91d42677e1f68c06e293</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-017-0475-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00244-017-0475-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29159702$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jadoon, Waqar Azeem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khpalwak, Wahdatullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chidya, Russel Chrispine Garven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel-Dayem, Sherif Mohamed Mohamed Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takeda, Kazuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Makhdoom, Masood Arshad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakugawa, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of Levels, Sources and Health Hazards of Road-Dust Associated Toxic Metals in Jalalabad and Kabul Cities, Afghanistan</title><title>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology</title><addtitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><addtitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><description>This study was designed to investigate selected road-dust associated heavy metals, their relations with natural and anthropogenic sources, and potential human and environmental health risks. For this purpose, 42 and 36 road-dusts samples were collected from Jalalabad and Kabul cities (Afghanistan), respectively. The following elements were found in descending concentrations: Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co, and Cd in Jalalabad; and Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Co, and Cd in Kabul. Except for Ni, all the elemental contents were less than the Canadian permissible limits in residential/parkland soils. Principle Component Analysis and enrichment of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn pointed to anthropogenic sources, whereas Co, Cr, and Mn indicated crustal inputs. Broadly, Cd monomial risk index (
E
r
i
) was considerable; however, one site each in both cities showed high risk (
E
r
i
≥ 350). The potential ecological risk (RI) is mostly low; however, at some sites, the risk was considerable. Ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route (99%) for heavy metals and contributed > 90% to noncancerous (all residents), as well as 92% (children) and 75–89% (adults) cancerous risks. The noncancerous risks of all metals and their integrated risks for all residents were within acceptable levels. Moreover, potential cancer risks in children from Ni and Cr were slightly higher than the US-EPA safe levels but were within acceptable levels for adults. This study found higher risks to children and therefore recommends proper management and ways to control metals pollution load in these areas to decrease human health and RIs.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>Afghanistan</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - toxicity</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Carcinogens - analysis</subject><subject>Carcinogens - toxicity</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Chromium</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Copper</subject><subject>Dust</subject><subject>Dust - analysis</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Ecotoxicology</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring - methods</subject><subject>Environmental Pollution - 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analysis</topic><topic>Metals, Heavy - toxicity</topic><topic>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Nickel</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution control</topic><topic>Pollution load</topic><topic>Principal components analysis</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Roads</topic><topic>Soil analysis</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - toxicity</topic><topic>Soil Science & Conservation</topic><topic>Toxic hazards</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Vehicles</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jadoon, Waqar Azeem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khpalwak, Wahdatullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chidya, Russel Chrispine Garven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdel-Dayem, Sherif Mohamed Mohamed Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takeda, Kazuhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Makhdoom, Masood Arshad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sakugawa, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Business Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Business Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced</collection><collection>ABI/INFORM Global</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business</collection><collection>ProQuest One Business (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jadoon, Waqar Azeem</au><au>Khpalwak, Wahdatullah</au><au>Chidya, Russel Chrispine Garven</au><au>Abdel-Dayem, Sherif Mohamed Mohamed Ali</au><au>Takeda, Kazuhiko</au><au>Makhdoom, Masood Arshad</au><au>Sakugawa, Hiroshi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of Levels, Sources and Health Hazards of Road-Dust Associated Toxic Metals in Jalalabad and Kabul Cities, Afghanistan</atitle><jtitle>Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology</jtitle><stitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</stitle><addtitle>Arch Environ Contam Toxicol</addtitle><date>2018-01-01</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>32</spage><epage>45</epage><pages>32-45</pages><issn>0090-4341</issn><eissn>1432-0703</eissn><abstract>This study was designed to investigate selected road-dust associated heavy metals, their relations with natural and anthropogenic sources, and potential human and environmental health risks. For this purpose, 42 and 36 road-dusts samples were collected from Jalalabad and Kabul cities (Afghanistan), respectively. The following elements were found in descending concentrations: Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co, and Cd in Jalalabad; and Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Co, and Cd in Kabul. Except for Ni, all the elemental contents were less than the Canadian permissible limits in residential/parkland soils. Principle Component Analysis and enrichment of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn pointed to anthropogenic sources, whereas Co, Cr, and Mn indicated crustal inputs. Broadly, Cd monomial risk index (
E
r
i
) was considerable; however, one site each in both cities showed high risk (
E
r
i
≥ 350). The potential ecological risk (RI) is mostly low; however, at some sites, the risk was considerable. Ingestion appeared to be the main exposure route (99%) for heavy metals and contributed > 90% to noncancerous (all residents), as well as 92% (children) and 75–89% (adults) cancerous risks. The noncancerous risks of all metals and their integrated risks for all residents were within acceptable levels. Moreover, potential cancer risks in children from Ni and Cr were slightly higher than the US-EPA safe levels but were within acceptable levels for adults. This study found higher risks to children and therefore recommends proper management and ways to control metals pollution load in these areas to decrease human health and RIs.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>29159702</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00244-017-0475-9</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2018-01, Vol.74 (1), p.32-45 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Springer Online Journals Complete |
| subjects | Adult Adults Afghanistan Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollutants - toxicity Anthropogenic factors Cadmium Cancer Carcinogens - analysis Carcinogens - toxicity Child Children Chromium Cities Copper Dust Dust - analysis Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Exposure - analysis Environmental Health Environmental Monitoring - methods Environmental Pollution - adverse effects Environmental Pollution - analysis Environmental quality Health hazards Health risk assessment Health risks Heavy metals Humans Ingestion Investigations Lead Manganese Metals Metals, Heavy - analysis Metals, Heavy - toxicity Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Multivariate Analysis Nickel Pollution Pollution control Pollution load Principal components analysis Public Health Risk Assessment Risk factors Roads Soil analysis Soil Pollutants - analysis Soil Pollutants - toxicity Soil Science & Conservation Toxic hazards Toxicology Vehicles Zinc |
| title | Evaluation of Levels, Sources and Health Hazards of Road-Dust Associated Toxic Metals in Jalalabad and Kabul Cities, Afghanistan |
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