Kinematic analysis of the space available for cord and disc bulging of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI)
The thoracic spine was previously known as a relatively stable region in human spine. Several studies reported that the motion of the thoracic spine and changes in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord changed with positions in the sagittal plane. The kinematic relationship between the thoraci...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The spine journal 2018-07, Vol.18 (7), p.1122-1127 |
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| creator | Paholpak, Permsak Shah, Ishan Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne Tamai, Koji Wang, Jeffrey C. Buser, Zorica |
| description | The thoracic spine was previously known as a relatively stable region in human spine. Several studies reported that the motion of the thoracic spine and changes in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord changed with positions in the sagittal plane. The kinematic relationship between the thoracic disc and the space available for cord (SAC) with the positional change is still not well investigated.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the kinematic change of the intervertebral disc and space available for the spinal cord of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI).
This is a retrospective study.
The patient sample included 105 patients who underwent thoracic spine kMRI.
Disc bulging and the SAC were evaluated from T4–T5 to T11–T12 in flexion, neutral, and extension positions.
MRAnalyzer3 (TrueMRI Corporation, Bellflower, CA, USA) was used to analyze disc bulging and SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12. The Friedman test was used to analyze the differences in disc bulging and SAC between neutral, flexion, and extension positions at each segment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for post hoc analysis for the significant levels from the Friedman test.
The mean value of the thoracic intervertebral disc area from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be larger in flexion than in extension. Initial analysis with the Friedman test revealed a significant difference in disc bulging at T8–T9, T9–T10, and T11–T12 among the three positions (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.11.004 |
| format | Article |
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the kinematic change of the intervertebral disc and space available for the spinal cord of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI).
This is a retrospective study.
The patient sample included 105 patients who underwent thoracic spine kMRI.
Disc bulging and the SAC were evaluated from T4–T5 to T11–T12 in flexion, neutral, and extension positions.
MRAnalyzer3 (TrueMRI Corporation, Bellflower, CA, USA) was used to analyze disc bulging and SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12. The Friedman test was used to analyze the differences in disc bulging and SAC between neutral, flexion, and extension positions at each segment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for post hoc analysis for the significant levels from the Friedman test.
The mean value of the thoracic intervertebral disc area from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be larger in flexion than in extension. Initial analysis with the Friedman test revealed a significant difference in disc bulging at T8–T9, T9–T10, and T11–T12 among the three positions (p<.05). Post hoc analysis showed that disc bulging was only significant at T8–T9 between flexion and extension (p<.001), at T9–T10 between neutral and flexion (0.003), and at T9–T10 between flexion and extension (p=.004). The SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be widest in extension and narrowest in flexion. Only T5–T6 exhibited a statistically significant difference in SAC between flexion and extension (p=.002).
The thoracic discs and the SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 showed kinematic changes from flexion to extension. The thoracic spinal canal tended to be narrowest in flexion and widest in the extension. Thus, kyphotic deformities could be one of the etiologies for neurogenic deterioration in patients with thoracic myelopathy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1529-9430</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-1632</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.11.004</identifier><identifier>PMID: 29154999</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging ; Kinematic MRI ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Thoracic disc ; Thoracic dynamic ; Thoracic kinematic ; Thoracic space available for cord ; Thoracic spine ; Thoracic Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging</subject><ispartof>The spine journal, 2018-07, Vol.18 (7), p.1122-1127</ispartof><rights>2017 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-90d8dc6d79d48018b94546ad09c92299cfac8757cda101e4f4cafc57130fe7d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-90d8dc6d79d48018b94546ad09c92299cfac8757cda101e4f4cafc57130fe7d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5680-0643 ; 0000-0003-0826-306X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2017.11.004$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,3537,27905,27906,45976</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29154999$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Paholpak, Permsak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Ishan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamai, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jeffrey C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buser, Zorica</creatorcontrib><title>Kinematic analysis of the space available for cord and disc bulging of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI)</title><title>The spine journal</title><addtitle>Spine J</addtitle><description>The thoracic spine was previously known as a relatively stable region in human spine. Several studies reported that the motion of the thoracic spine and changes in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord changed with positions in the sagittal plane. The kinematic relationship between the thoracic disc and the space available for cord (SAC) with the positional change is still not well investigated.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the kinematic change of the intervertebral disc and space available for the spinal cord of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI).
This is a retrospective study.
The patient sample included 105 patients who underwent thoracic spine kMRI.
Disc bulging and the SAC were evaluated from T4–T5 to T11–T12 in flexion, neutral, and extension positions.
MRAnalyzer3 (TrueMRI Corporation, Bellflower, CA, USA) was used to analyze disc bulging and SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12. The Friedman test was used to analyze the differences in disc bulging and SAC between neutral, flexion, and extension positions at each segment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for post hoc analysis for the significant levels from the Friedman test.
The mean value of the thoracic intervertebral disc area from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be larger in flexion than in extension. Initial analysis with the Friedman test revealed a significant difference in disc bulging at T8–T9, T9–T10, and T11–T12 among the three positions (p<.05). Post hoc analysis showed that disc bulging was only significant at T8–T9 between flexion and extension (p<.001), at T9–T10 between neutral and flexion (0.003), and at T9–T10 between flexion and extension (p=.004). The SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be widest in extension and narrowest in flexion. Only T5–T6 exhibited a statistically significant difference in SAC between flexion and extension (p=.002).
The thoracic discs and the SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 showed kinematic changes from flexion to extension. The thoracic spinal canal tended to be narrowest in flexion and widest in the extension. Thus, kyphotic deformities could be one of the etiologies for neurogenic deterioration in patients with thoracic myelopathy.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Kinematic MRI</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Range of Motion, Articular</subject><subject>Thoracic disc</subject><subject>Thoracic dynamic</subject><subject>Thoracic kinematic</subject><subject>Thoracic space available for cord</subject><subject>Thoracic spine</subject><subject>Thoracic Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging</subject><issn>1529-9430</issn><issn>1878-1632</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2018</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UctOwzAQtBCI9x8g5CMcEtaJ8_AFCVW8RBES6t1y7U1xSeNiJ0h8Az-NQ4EjJ6-8M7O7M4ScMEgZsPJimYa17RDTDFiVMpYC8C2yz-qqTliZZ9uxLjKRCJ7DHjkIYQkAdcWyXbKXCVZwIcQ--XyIGivVW01Vp9qPYAN1De1fkIa10kjVu7KtmrdIG-epdt5EoKHGBk3nQ7uw3eKX0L84r3RU-l6MDmHsvf7pr9Siw7HwGFynuihu498IOnt9fL4_PyI7jWoDHv-8h2R2cz2b3CXTp9v7ydU00XmZ9YkAUxtdmkoYXgOr54IXvFQGhBZZJoRulK6rotJGRaOQN1yrRhcVy6HByuSH5Gwju_bubcDQy1U8BttWdeiGIJkoS85BAI9QvoFq70Lw2Mi1jzv7D8lAjinIpdykIMcUJGMSvmmnPxOG-QrNH-nX9gi43AAwnvlu0cugLUZHjPWoe2mc_X_CF7P9nHQ</recordid><startdate>201807</startdate><enddate>201807</enddate><creator>Paholpak, Permsak</creator><creator>Shah, Ishan</creator><creator>Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne</creator><creator>Tamai, Koji</creator><creator>Wang, Jeffrey C.</creator><creator>Buser, Zorica</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-0643</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-306X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>201807</creationdate><title>Kinematic analysis of the space available for cord and disc bulging of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI)</title><author>Paholpak, Permsak ; Shah, Ishan ; Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne ; Tamai, Koji ; Wang, Jeffrey C. ; Buser, Zorica</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c362t-90d8dc6d79d48018b94546ad09c92299cfac8757cda101e4f4cafc57130fe7d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2018</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Kinematic MRI</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Range of Motion, Articular</topic><topic>Thoracic disc</topic><topic>Thoracic dynamic</topic><topic>Thoracic kinematic</topic><topic>Thoracic space available for cord</topic><topic>Thoracic spine</topic><topic>Thoracic Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Paholpak, Permsak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shah, Ishan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamai, Koji</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jeffrey C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Buser, Zorica</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The spine journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Paholpak, Permsak</au><au>Shah, Ishan</au><au>Acevedo-Moreno, Lou-Anne</au><au>Tamai, Koji</au><au>Wang, Jeffrey C.</au><au>Buser, Zorica</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Kinematic analysis of the space available for cord and disc bulging of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI)</atitle><jtitle>The spine journal</jtitle><addtitle>Spine J</addtitle><date>2018-07</date><risdate>2018</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1122</spage><epage>1127</epage><pages>1122-1127</pages><issn>1529-9430</issn><eissn>1878-1632</eissn><abstract>The thoracic spine was previously known as a relatively stable region in human spine. Several studies reported that the motion of the thoracic spine and changes in the cross-sectional area of the spinal cord changed with positions in the sagittal plane. The kinematic relationship between the thoracic disc and the space available for cord (SAC) with the positional change is still not well investigated.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the kinematic change of the intervertebral disc and space available for the spinal cord of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI).
This is a retrospective study.
The patient sample included 105 patients who underwent thoracic spine kMRI.
Disc bulging and the SAC were evaluated from T4–T5 to T11–T12 in flexion, neutral, and extension positions.
MRAnalyzer3 (TrueMRI Corporation, Bellflower, CA, USA) was used to analyze disc bulging and SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12. The Friedman test was used to analyze the differences in disc bulging and SAC between neutral, flexion, and extension positions at each segment. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for post hoc analysis for the significant levels from the Friedman test.
The mean value of the thoracic intervertebral disc area from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be larger in flexion than in extension. Initial analysis with the Friedman test revealed a significant difference in disc bulging at T8–T9, T9–T10, and T11–T12 among the three positions (p<.05). Post hoc analysis showed that disc bulging was only significant at T8–T9 between flexion and extension (p<.001), at T9–T10 between neutral and flexion (0.003), and at T9–T10 between flexion and extension (p=.004). The SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 tended to be widest in extension and narrowest in flexion. Only T5–T6 exhibited a statistically significant difference in SAC between flexion and extension (p=.002).
The thoracic discs and the SAC from T4–T5 to T11–T12 showed kinematic changes from flexion to extension. The thoracic spinal canal tended to be narrowest in flexion and widest in the extension. Thus, kyphotic deformities could be one of the etiologies for neurogenic deterioration in patients with thoracic myelopathy.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>29154999</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.spinee.2017.11.004</doi><tpages>6</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5680-0643</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0826-306X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The spine journal, 2018-07, Vol.18 (7), p.1122-1127 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adult Aged Biomechanical Phenomena Female Humans Intervertebral Disc - diagnostic imaging Kinematic MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods Magnetic Resonance Imaging - standards Male Middle Aged Range of Motion, Articular Thoracic disc Thoracic dynamic Thoracic kinematic Thoracic space available for cord Thoracic spine Thoracic Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging |
| title | Kinematic analysis of the space available for cord and disc bulging of the thoracic spine using kinematic magnetic resonance imaging (kMRI) |
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